PLC自动控制在高炉煤气除尘系统改造中的应用

在5座高炉煤气布袋除尘工艺中，实现了PLC自动控制。采用SIMENS研系列ET-200M系统，其中DI，DO采用Simatic S7-300的模板，高炉扩展模板之间用光缆联结，并实现了以3号高炉为核心的连锁控制，同时也实现了对系统的自动调节。     

某Ku频段卫星通信系统的设计

为了让两个地面站通过卫星链路进行无线通信,设计了一个Ku频段卫星通信系统 ,数据速率是512 kbit/s～4.096 Mbit/s,速率可调步进1 bit/s。选取了一 种较简洁的Ku频段地面 站设计方案,信道的本振为固定点频,调制解调器的中频范围是950～1 450 MHz。对卫 星通信 链 路功率进行了预算。地面站的组成设备,如调制解调器、低噪声放大器、上变频单元、下变 频单元等均选用成熟的商用货架产品,降低了设计风险和成本。本系统研制周期短,通信稳 定可靠,得到了用户的认可。     

Effects of background doping concentration on electrostatic discharge protection of high voltage operating extended drain N-type MOS device

In this study, the effects of background doping concentration (BDC) of a high voltage operating extended drain N-type MOSFET (EDNMOS) device on electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection performances were evaluated. The EDNMOS device with low BDC suffers from strong snapback in the high current region, which results in poor ESD protection performance and high latchup risk. However, the strong snapback can be avoided in the EDNMOS device with high BDC. This implies that both the good ESD protection performance and the latchup immunity can be realized in terms of the EDNMOS by properly controlling its BDC.     

Self-assembly of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and Au(1 1 1) surfaces

Self-assemblies of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (NDC) and 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid (BDC) molecules on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and reconstructed Au(1 1 1) surfaces has been, respectively, studied by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The NDC molecules form an incommensurate structure, while BDC molecules form a commensurate structure on the HOPG surface. The aromatic rings take the same orientation with that of the underlying HOPG substrate to gain optimum adsorbate-substrate interactions. On the Au(1 1 1) surface, both molecules form incommensurate structures. The orientations of aromatic ring locate about 20° with respect to the gold rows, the 〈1 1 0〉 direction. On the HOPG surface, the whole carboxyl groups are invisible, while the carbon atoms of the carboxyl groups may appear bright on the gold surface.     

一族非隔离双向直流变换器

提出一族基于反向耦合电感的非隔离双向直流变换器(bi-directional DC converter,BDC),通过引入反向耦合电感,利用电感感应电势阻断不工作MOSFET的体二极管,消除了传统双向变换器中开关管寄生体二极管的反向恢复问题;通过反向耦合电感与滤波电感等效电路的分析,将反向耦合电感与滤波电感用一个同向耦合电感代替,提出一族基于PCI的非隔离双向直流变换器。所提出的变换器控制与传统单向变换器相同,不需要专门的软启动电路,兼顾了较高变换效率、控制简单和高可靠性。给出拓扑推演过程,详细分析拓扑工作原理,并通过实验验证理论分析的正确性。     

Hydrogen production employing Cu(BDC) metal–organic framework support in methanol steam reforming process within monolithic micro-reactors

Cu(BDC) metal–organic framework (MOF) was used as a support for the copper (Cu) catalyst applied in the methanol steam reforming (MSR) process at low temperatures (130–250 °C) with a feed WHSV = 9.2 h^?1 within the monolithic reactor. Also, the effects of diverse promoters were examined on the catalytic activities of the Cu/X–Cu(BDC) (X = Ce, Zn, Gd, Sm, La, Y, Pr) catalysts. Results showed that the Ce/Sm–Cu(BDC) supports exhibited highest activities, lowest reduction temperatures and largest specific surface areas, which caused highest distributions of the active copper metal nanoparticles on the supports. The reactor tests displayed that the activities of Cu/X–Cu(BDC) (X = Ce, Zn, Gd, Sm, La, Y, Pr) catalysts followed the order X = Ce > Sm > Y > La > Pr > Cu(BDC) > Zn > Gd. The highest activities of Ce and Sm containing catalysts were attributed to the presence of CeO₂ and Sm₂O₃ caused the oxygen vacancies on the catalyst surface which had positive effects on the methanol reforming process. The time-on-stream stability tests showed the highest resistance of the Cu/Ce–Cu(BDC) catalyst to the carbon formation during 32 h. Consequently, the Cu/Ce–Cu(BDC) with the highest stability, methanol conversion and carbon monoxide selectivity could be used in practical industrial applications.     

H6P2M09W9O62/Zn(BDC)(Bipy)0.5复合材料催化合成3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)酮衍生物

采用水热法分别合成杂多酸H6P2Mo9W9O62及有机金属骨架Zn(BDC) (Bipy)0.5,使用浸渍法合成H6P2Mo9W9O62/Zn(BDC) (Bipy)05复合材料,用该复合材料催化醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯和尿素通过Biginelli反应,乙醇作溶剂,合成6种3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)酮衍生物.通过IR、1HNMR、13CNMR确定其结构,通过m.p.确定其纯度.实验结果表明:固定醛用量为0.04 mol,n(醛)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(尿素)=1∶1.4∶1.5,2.0 wt％ H6P2Mo9W9O62/Zn(BDC)(Bipy)0.5,反应温度为105℃,反应时间为60 min时,产物收率为40.1％～91.5％.     

推挽正激移相式双向DC-DC变换器研究

为了提高双向DC-DC变换器的动态响应特性,并降低电路拓扑中开关管电压应力、提高系统功率密度,本文通过详细分析推挽正激电路工作原理、环流问题以及箝位电容选择依据,提出结合移相式BDC与推挽正激电路提高DC-DC变换器的动态响应特性以及整体性能。电路拓扑中的ZCT方案实现了主开关管ZCS关断,更容易实现软开关,降低电流应力,减少损耗,提高系统功率传输能力,更加适用于中等功率场合。     

Experimental evaluation of local instantaneous heat transfer characteristics in the combustion chamber of air-cooled direct injection diesel engine

An experimental analysis is conducted investigating the differences between the variations of overall and local instantaneous heat transfer coefficients, during the engine cycle, in the combustion chamber walls of a direct injection (DI), air-cooled diesel engine located at the authors’ laboratory. For this purpose, a novel experimental installation is developed, which separates the engine transient temperature signals into two parts, namely the long- and the short-term response ones, processed in two independent data acquisition systems. Moreover, a new pre-amplification unit for fast response thermocouples, appropriate heat flux sensors and an object-oriented control code for fast data acquisition have been designed and applied. Experimentally obtained cylinder pressure diagrams are used as a basis for the calculation of the overall heat transfer coefficients, whereas one-dimensional heat conduction theory with Fourier analysis techniques, combined with an iterative procedure between calculated and measured temperature data, are implemented in order to calculate the instantaneous local heat transfer coefficients in the engine cylinder. Analysis of the experimental results reveals interesting aspects of transient engine heat transfer. Significant differences are disclosed between the overall and local heat transfer coefficient variations, with the importance of the latter one on engine design being emphasized. The local heat transfer coefficient on the cylinder head is quantified based on the experimental data. The effect of engine speed and load as well as of the air swirling motion on the heat transfer variations are presented. From the analysis results it is concluded that the instantaneous heat transfer variation is non-uniform, unlike its values calculated from standard correlations that assume spatial uniformity, noting that such information, especially for air-cooled diesel engines, seems to be very scarce in the open literature.     

BDC钻头的现场应用技术

本文结合现场实际分析了BDC钻头的适用性、技术性、钻井参数和磨损情况,阐述了钻进及防斜纠斜中正确使用BDC钻头的操作程序及注意事项。