成味香精中氯丙醇的危害与对策

清除氯丙醇的研究主要集中在三个方面：将原料中残存的油脂去除掉，目前采用了尽可能低的油脂含量的原料；改良水解工艺；水解后增加对产品的后处理。     

2,5—二甲氧基—4—氯硝基苯的合成研究

本文以对苯二酚为原料,经烷基化、氯化、硝经等合成步骤,得到中间体,２,５－二甲氧基－４－氯－硝基苯。此外,以氯气氯化方法作为研究重点,对各种影响反应的因素进行了讨论,并采用正交设计寻求氯气氯化的最佳条件,使产品的总收率达６６．６％。     

Synthesis and Aqueous Solution Properties of α-Dimethyl Oxamino Dodecyl Acid

Starting from α-chloro-lauric acid which was obtained from lauric acid through selectively chlorinating at the α-position with chlorine, a novel surfactant α-dimethyl oxamino dodecyl acid was synthesized with high yield via an economic route. The structure of α-dimethyl oxamino dodecyl acid was confirmed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Surface tension, foaming properties and emulsifying measurements were performed to study the aqueous solution properties of the synthesized surfactant. The results showed that the behavior of the α-dimethyl oxamino dodecyl acid strongly depend on the pH of aqueous solution: it had high surface activity, excellent foaming properties and emulsion stability for paraffin oil at acid pH while the corresponding properties decrease substantially at alkaline pH.     

对氯苯甲醛的生产和应用

介绍了对氯苯甲醛的性质、制备方法和应用,并对其市场前景作了展望。     

3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Dimethyl Dehydroabietyl Ammonium Chloride: Synthesis,Characterization, and Physicochemical Properties

3‐Chloro‐2‐hydroxypropyl dimethyl dehydroabietyl ammonium chloride (CHPDMDHA) was synthesized from dehydroabietylamine (DHA) and epichlorodrin. The synthesis was done in three steps. First, DHA was transformed into N,N‐dimethyl dehydroabietyl amine (DMDHA) through Eschweiler‐Clarke Reaction. Second, the DMDHA was reacted with hydrochloric acid and translated into DMDHA hydrochloride. Third, the CHPDMDHA was obtained after the DMDHA hydrochloride had reacted with epichlorodrin and recrystallized using a solvent composed of ethyl acetate and ethanol. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of CHPDMDHA at 25 °C was found to be 2.56 × 10^?4 mol L^?1, and its surface tension at the CMC (γ_CMC) was determined to be 27.4 mN m^?1; these data suggest that the surface activities of CHPDMDHA are better than those of benzalkonium chloride (BC), so that CHPDMDHA could be used as a good alternative to BC.     

拓扑指数估算氯苯胺类化合物对发光细菌毒性

基于化学拓扑理论, 计算了14 种氯代苯胺衍生物的电拓扑状态指数(E_n)、连接指数(^mX ^v_p)。用多元回归研究了这些化合物的发光细菌急性毒性(-lgEC50)与E_n , ^mX ^v_p 的定量关系。经逐步回归分析, 建立了最佳的定量结构-生物活性相关(QSAR)模型, 相关系数为0 .979 。用Jackknife 法检验具有良好的稳健性与预测能力, 其计算值与实验值基本吻合。     

5－氯水杨酸的合成研究

比较了氯气直接氯代法和次氯酸叔丁酯法合成５ 氯水杨酸的合成条件和产物的纯度。认为直接氯代法生成物杂质较多而不易分离，但生产成本较低；而次氯酸叔丁酯法的产物所含杂质较少，但叔丁醇及溶剂易挥发，回收率低，生产成本较高     

3,4—二氯硝基苯氟化工艺的研究

本文详细研究了由３，４－二氯硝基苯制备３－氯－４－氟硝基苯的主要影响因素，如投料比、反应温度、反应时间等，收率可达９１．３２％，硝化物与氟化洋比为１：１．１３，ＤＭＳＯ／ＫＦ＝２．３ｍｌ／ｇ。     

基于纳米磁珠修饰印刷电极的牛奶中三聚氰胺检测安培免疫传感器

共固定氯代邻菲哕啉双核铜配合物(Cu2(phen)2Cl2(μ-Cl)2,简称CuzL)和包被三聚氰胺抗体(anti MA)的FbO4/Au胶(简称纳米磁珠)于丝网印刷电极(SPCE)表面,构建了一种测定牛奶中三聚氰胺(简称MA)含量的安培免疫传感器.当该传感器在含MA溶液中温育时,MA和同时加入的HRP标MA二抗(HRP-anti MA Ⅱ),与电极表面的anti MA形成三元免疫复合物.该复合物上的HRP能催化HzO2还原,并经过Cu2L传导在电极表面形成电流,电流强Ⅰ与MA浓度在0.5～40和60～100ng/mL范围内呈线性关系,检测限为0.25 ng/mL.在pH 6.2的PBS底液中,该传感器制作简单、可抛弃,对MA检测时间小于20 min,灵敏度为1μA·ng-1mL,明显高于酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法;可实现牛奶中MA免分离现场分析.     

三氯三氨合铑的热解机理及非等温动力学研究

用TG-DTA、IR及X-射线衍射方法研究fac-和mer-[Rh(NH_3)Cl_3]的热解机理。在氮气气氛中加热至315～375℃二者均出现分解并失重约60％,相应的分解活化能分别为596和627kJ/mol。mer-[Rh(NH_3)_3Cl_3]在氢气气氛中以加热速度2℃/min加热时,则热解温度范围更宽,并分三步失重,其相应的活化能分别为336.24,307.42及1380kJ/mol。