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1.
We have grown thin carbon films by pulsed laser deposition and have investigated the extent to which the properties of such
films, as well as the processes responsible for these properties, are laser wavelength dependent. Films were grown by ablating
material from a graphite target onto room temperature Si(100) substrates with 1064 and 248 nm laser radiation. The films were
analyzed byin situ electron energy loss spectroscopy and byex situ Raman spectroscopy. The results indicated that films grown with 1064 nm ablation were graphitic, while those grown with 248
nm radiation were diamond-like. We have also examined the mass and kinetic energy distributions of the particles ejected from
graphite by the two laser wavelengths. The results indicated that irradiation of graphite with 1064 nm laser radiation results
in the ejection of a series of carbon cluster ions C
n
+
(1 ≤ n ≤ 30) with mean kinetic energies less than 5 eV. Ablation of graphite with 248 nm radiation results in the ejection
of primarily C
2
+
and C
3
+
with mean kinetic energies of 60 and 18 eV, respectively. These results suggest that large, low energy clusters produce graphitic
films, while small, high energy clusters produce films of diamond-like carbon. 相似文献
2.
A complete and efficient CUDA-sharing solution for HPC clusters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Antonio J. Peña Carlos Reaño Federico Silla Rafael Mayo Enrique S. Quintana-Ortí José Duato 《Parallel Computing》2014
In this paper we detail the key features, architectural design, and implementation of rCUDA, an advanced framework to enable remote and transparent GPGPU acceleration in HPC clusters. rCUDA allows decoupling GPUs from nodes, forming pools of shared accelerators, which brings enhanced flexibility to cluster configurations. This opens the door to configurations with fewer accelerators than nodes, as well as permits a single node to exploit the whole set of GPUs installed in the cluster. In our proposal, CUDA applications can seamlessly interact with any GPU in the cluster, independently of its physical location. Thus, GPUs can be either distributed among compute nodes or concentrated in dedicated GPGPU servers, depending on the cluster administrator’s policy. This proposal leads to savings not only in space but also in energy, acquisition, and maintenance costs. The performance evaluation in this paper with a series of benchmarks and a production application clearly demonstrates the viability of this proposal. Concretely, experiments with the matrix–matrix product reveal excellent performance compared with regular executions on the local GPU; on a much more complex application, the GPU-accelerated LAMMPS, we attain up to 11x speedup employing 8 remote accelerators from a single node with respect to a 12-core CPU-only execution. GPGPU service interaction in compute nodes, remote acceleration in dedicated GPGPU servers, and data transfer performance of similar GPU virtualization frameworks are also evaluated. 相似文献
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5.
Beowulf计划关于“基于COTS技术以满足特殊计算需要”的思想使得机群计算成为斋性能计算的一个重要流派,本文针对类Beowulf机群的Intel微处理器特点,讨论了BLAS的优化技术,在以软件DSM系统作为并行编程环境的类Beowulf机群系统上作出了性能评价。 相似文献
6.
河源若想抓住"双转移"这个契机加速发展,就势必要结合河源的产业发展现状及资源状况,选择有优势的产业重点培育,发展壮大一些龙头企业,进而带动中小企业的发展,提高区域竞争力。区域竞争力的不断增强,也势必会促进更多、更优秀的企业来河源发展。同时,集群内企业也要充分利用这一机遇,利用企业内外资源,加快提升自身的竞争力。 相似文献
7.
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9.
一种城市主义的批判性实践不应执着于不相干的美学自主性,而应着眼于作为当代城市化主要征象的四种空间类型:位于城市与农村之间界定模糊区域的工厂区;纵横全国的基础设施管线和网络;新型文化聚落、邻里和建筑物;来自农村而在城市工作的新城市主体所形成的心理与社会网络。 相似文献
10.
Satoshi Hayakawa Chikara Ohtsuki Syuji Matsumoto Akiyoshi Osaka Yoshinari Miura 《Computational Materials Science》1998,9(3-4):337-342
Chemical states of fluorine in fluorosilicate glasses in the system MF2-MO-SiO2 (M = Ca, Sr and Ba; SiO2 content < 60 mol%) have been investigated by molecular dynamic (MD) simulations with a perfect ionic two-body potential. Comparison of the results with those derived by X-ray photoelectron spectra of the actual glasses demonstrates that MD simulations reproduce well the bonding states of fluorine in the systems as well as the formation of M-F clusters. The MD generated structure of imaginary glasses, or glasses not obtained by the conventional melt-quench technique, with 70 mol% SiO2 indicates that an acidic environment induces a greater amount of F---Si bonds. Their M-F pair correlation functions plotted against normalized M-F distances suggest that relative ion positions in the clusters are very similar. 相似文献