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合成十二烷基葡萄糖苷的工艺条件 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用对甲苯磺酸为催化剂 ,以D 葡萄糖和正十二醇为原料直接合成十二烷基糖苷 ,研究了工艺条件对反应速率、产物收率与色泽的影响。结果表明 ,催化剂用量对产物色泽无影响 ,适宜的工艺条件为 :正十二醇 /D 葡萄糖 (摩尔比 ) =4∶1,反应温度 110~ 12 0℃ ,反应时间 4h ,反应压力 4kPa ,搅拌速率大于 840r/min ,对甲苯磺酸 /D 葡萄糖 (摩尔比 ) =1.5 %,MgO为较好的中和剂。产物为乳白色 ,十二烷基糖苷总收率大于89%。 相似文献
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以D-葡萄糖(Ⅰ)、醋酸酐为原料,在无水吡啶中制得中间体1,2,3,4,6-O-五乙酰基-D-葡萄糖(Ⅱ),收率为87.5%。在HB r/CH3COOH条件下对Ⅱ异头碳上的乙酰基进行溴代,制得1-溴-2,3,4,6-O-四乙酰基-D-葡萄糖(Ⅲ),不经分离,在相转移催化剂TEBA催化下,Ⅲ直接与2,4-二硝基苯酚反应得到酚苷1-O-(2,′4′-二硝基苯)-2,3,4,6-O-四乙酰基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ),最后Ⅳ与1-三甲基硅基-咪唑在无水四氯化锡的催化下,室温反应52 h制得氮苷1-(2,′3,′4,′6′-O-四乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-咪唑(Ⅴ),此步反应收率为90%。 相似文献
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《国际聚合物材料杂志》2012,61(6):322-335
Thermal degradation kinetics of solid-state D-sucrose and D-glucose were studied using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. The melting and decomposition process of the two sugars were displayed as endothermic peaks on the DTA curve under nonisothermal conditions. It was noticed that the melting peak temperature of D-glucose was lower than that of the other sugar. For the decomposition processes, the opposite occurred. The decomposition kinetic parameters, such as the decomposition activation energy (Ed) and the frequency factor (Ko), were calculated by employing different approximations. The relative stability of the studied sugars was determined. Molecular mechanics (MM) calculations showed that the optimal geometric structure (OMG) of D-sucrose was at least three orders of magnitude more stable than the molecular geometric (MG) structure. These calculations indicate that the potential energy (PE (kcal mol?1)) of the OMG is about three (1.142 × 103) orders of magnitude lower than the MG structure of the same sugar. So, optimizing the geometry of the molecular structure (OMG) is very important for understanding the stability of this sugar. 相似文献
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Rohit Verma Jagdish K. Gehlawat 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1989,46(4):295-301
The kinetics of the heterogeneous reaction between hydrogen and aqueous solutions of D -glucose to produce sorbitol were studied in a high pressure Parr reactor. Raney-Ni was used as catalyst. The reaction between hydrogen and D -glucose was found to be very slow. In the agitated slurry reactor the diffusional aspects were completely eliminated and the reaction followed homogeneous kinetics. It was found to be first order with respect to both hydrogen and D -glucose. The values of the pseudo-first-order rate constants were found to be 1.5 × 10?4 and 6.4 × 10?4s?1 at 398 and 435 K, respectively. The activation energy was found to be 64.8 kJ mol?1. 相似文献
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微波加热缬氨酸和葡萄糖的棕化反应 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了微波加热下pH值、反应时间、溶剂配比对缬氨酸与葡萄糖的棕化产物反应深度的影响,以及微波加热和普通加热的棕化产物的差异,并进行了棕化产物的卷烟加香试验及其醚溶性成分的分析。结果表明:①微波能加速棕化反应进程,在相同反应时间内微波反应产物的一些主要成分含量要大于普通加热产物;②温度对棕化反应影响大于加热方式;③相同体系,普通加热和微波加热棕化产物成分基本相同,只是在含量上有差别;④体系的pH值对微波棕化反应进程及反应产物都有较大影响,酸性和碱性环境都能加速反应进程;⑤微波加热的缬氨酸与葡萄糖产物中共鉴定出5种重要的吡嗪类化合物和1种呋喃类化合物,没有鉴定出醛类、吡咯类等常见的普通棕化反应产物;⑥在微波加热,pH6·35,反应时间30min,溶剂为丙二醇-水(1∶1体积比)条件下,缬氨酸与葡萄糖的棕化反应产物加香效果较好。 相似文献
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微波法合成葡萄糖三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了一种不含甲醛、无毒的绿色环保型胶黏剂.以葡萄糖代替甲醛,在酸性条件下用微波法合成了类似于脲醛树脂的绿色环保型葡萄糖三聚氰胺树脂,通过正交实验法获得了合成的最佳条件,同时对树脂的固化条件进行了研究.葡萄糖三聚氰胺树脂合成的最佳反应条件为:pH=3,催化剂用量:0.40g,n(三聚氰胺)∶n(葡萄糖)=4∶0.3,反应时间:6min.催化剂用量和反应配比对葡萄糖三聚氰胺树脂的合成反应的影响较大,其次是pH值,对反应影响最小的是反应时间.但反应时间也不应过长,以免碳化. 相似文献
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