Effects of Light, Oxygen, and pH on the Absorbance of 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

ABSTRACT: The absorbance of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) at 517 nm in methanol and acetone decreased by 20 and 35% for 120 min at 25 °C under light, respectively; in the dark it did not change significantly for 150 min. Decomposition of DPPH under 21% oxygen after 90 min under light was significantly higher than that under 1% oxygen. Absorbance of DPPH in pH 4 buffer solution in methanol, and in pH 10 buffer solution in acetone, decreased by 55 and 80%, respectively, under light for 120 min. The evaluation of antioxidant activity by the changes of DPPH absorbance should be carefully interpreted since the absorbance of DPPH at 517 nm is decreased by light, oxygen, pH, and type of solvent in addition to the antioxidant.     

Solid-state NMR study of N labelled polyaniline upon reaction with DPPH

The quantitative investigation of the radical scavenging properties of polyaniline (PANI) upon reaction with excess of the stable DPPH radical (a 4:1 ratio of DPPH to aniline units in the polymer) was carried out using ¹⁵N and ¹³C solid state NMR spectroscopy. During the process the polyaniline was oxidised so that the imine content increased from 45 to 65%. The extent of oxidation measured by NMR was confirmed by N1s XPS analysis. However, within a 30 min reaction time, about 85% of the DPPH radicals were scavenged as monitored by the decay in its EPR signal. This is about 20 times greater than the fraction of DPPH required to oxidize PANI from an imine content of 45-65%. An identification of further redox processes is required to explain the high degree of radical scavenging. At the same time, there was no evidence of significant chemical binding or trapping of DPPH in the PANI structure.     

Radical scavenging activity of canola hull phenolics

Possible use of canola hulls as a source of natural anti-oxidants was explored. Cyclone canola hulls were extracted with methanol (30 to 80%, vol/vol) and acetone (30 to 80%, vol/vol). The free radical-scavenging activity of phenolic extracts so prepared was evaluated using the 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) radical ion (ABTS^o−), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and chemiluminescence assays. The total content of phenolics in prepared extracts from canola hulls ranged from 15 to 136 mg sinapic acid equivalents per gram of extract. Higher levels of condensed tannins were detected in the acetone extracts than in the corresponding methanolic counterparts. Seventy and 80% (vol/vol) acetone extracts displayed markedly stronger antioxidant activity than any of the other extracts investigated. Statistically significant linear correlations were found between TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) values (expressed in mM of Trolox equivalents per gram of extract) and total pehnolics, TEAC and total condensed tannins (i.e., determined using the modified vanillin and pronthocyanidin assays), as well as TEAC and protein precipitation activity of phenolic extracts (i.e., measured using the dye-labeled assay). The antioxidant activities of extracts as determined by the ABTS^o− radical ion assay correlated highly with those of the chemiluminescence and DPPH radical assays.     

超声引发聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的降解

用低功率、高频率的超声波对水溶液中的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠进行降解,研究溶液浓度、pH值等对降解反应的影响,用凝胶色谱法测定降解产物的分子量及其分布,用红外光谱法以及紫外分光光度法表征了降解过程中的产物结构变化,用2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基(DPPH)对降解过程中产生的自由基进行捕捉,证实降解反应经历了自由基历程。     

碱性蛋白酶水解豌豆蛋白及其产物抗氧化活性研究

采用碱性蛋白酶(Alcalase)水解豌豆蛋白,对不同条件下制备的豌豆蛋白酶水解产物DPPH·清除率进行了研究,在单因素试验基础上采用响应面分析方法优化酶水解条件,得到最佳酶解工艺条件为:酶解温度56.5℃,酶解时间3.2 h,pH6.1,加酶量3.0％,底物浓度3.0％,在此条件下,碱性蛋白酶水解产物对DPPH·的清除率为47.83％.     

酶解法制备禾虫多肽液的工艺优化及其脱腥工艺探究

目的 应用单因素和响应面实验优化禾虫的酶解工艺,结合模糊数学法探究一种有效的脱腥方法。方法 以中性蛋白酶为酶解剂,禾虫为主要原料,研究液料比、酶用量、时间、温度、pH对酶解效果的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,以液料比、酶解温度、酶用量为自变量,禾虫多肽液的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH）自由基清除率为响应值,通过Box-Behnken响应面法分析不同因素对酶解效果的影响,确定酶解的最优组合,并应用美拉德反应、硅藻土和酵母粉对禾虫多肽液进行脱腥实验,模糊数学法评价3种脱腥处理的效果。结果 根据响应面实验得出禾虫的最佳酶解组合为：液料比1:1 (g/mL)、酶解温度60℃、中性蛋白酶用量2450 U/g,得到酶解液的DPPH自由基清除率47.25%±0.11%;禾虫多肽液脱腥的最佳处理为：酵母粉添加量0.7%,反应温度35℃,反应时间30 min。结论 中性蛋白酶酶解禾虫制备禾虫多肽液并采用酵母粉脱腥效果最佳,为禾虫的精深加工提供借鉴,促进禾虫产业的发展。     

不同提取方法对金华火腿粗肽液抗氧化活性的影响

研究两种提取方法(磷酸盐和盐酸)所得金华火腿粗肽液的抗氧化活性,以自由基的清除能力,金属离子螯合能力,还原力以及总抗氧化能力为测定指标,以还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)作对照。结果表明:磷酸盐法提取的金华火腿粗肽液(P)多肽含量显著(p<0.05)高于盐酸法提取的金华火腿粗肽液(H);质量浓度低于5mg/m L时,P和H清除DPPH自由基与超氧阴离子自由基能力无显著差异;P螯合金属离子的能力显著(p<0.05)高于H和GSH;当质量浓度为4mg/m L时,P还原力显著(p<0.05)高于H;当质量浓度为1mg/m L时,P总抗氧化能力达到GSH的48%,显著高于H(p<0.05)。因此磷酸盐所提取的金华火腿粗肽液抗氧化能力优于盐酸所提取的金华火腿粗肽液。      

ESR法对蓝莓提取物清除自由基能力的测定

目的:比较并分析蓝莓果与蓝莓叶提取物清除自由基的能力。方法:采用电子自旋共振波谱法(ESR),对不同浓度蓝莓果实与蓝莓叶提取物的瞬时清除羟基自由基(·OH)能力及在3~45 min清除DPPH自由基能力进行了测定。结果:当蓝莓叶提取物浓度在2.500 mg/L,反应2 min时,其清除·OH自由基的能力达到87%,高于蓝莓果提取物;当蓝莓果提取物浓度在2.500 mg/L,反应时间为30 min时,其清除DPPH自由基的能力达到80%以上,且高于蓝莓叶提取物。结论:蓝莓提取物均具有良好的清除自由基的能力,其能力与提取物中总酚含量和组成多酚的成分有关。      

海洋低温α淀粉酶水解玉米淀粉及其产物生物活性

本研究旨在开发适用于工业生产的新型酶制剂,采用研制的新型海洋低温α-淀粉酶,研究该酶水解玉米淀粉最佳工艺条件以及其产物特性。低温α-淀粉酶最佳的工艺条件为温度30℃、时间90 min、淀粉浓度4.5%、加酶量8 U/g、p H6.5。酶解产物通过TLC和HPLC分析,酶解产物中主要为麦芽糖、麦芽三糖、异麦芽三糖、麦芽四糖和麦芽五糖,其中麦芽四糖和麦芽五糖的和达到69.62%。酶解产物对羟自由基和DPPH自由基均有清除作用,对羟自由基的清除效果要好于对DPPH自由基的清除。      

25个南瓜品种不同溶剂提取物抗氧化活性研究

采用清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基、清除[2,2’-连氨-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二氨盐]（ABTS）自由基以及铁离子还原能力（FRAP）的方法,以BHT为阳性对照药物,研究25个南瓜品种的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:南瓜提取物清除DPPH自由基能力均较弱;\