Dehydratisierung von Butanol in nah‐ und überkritischem Wasser

The conversion of fermentation‐derived butanol to butene is an alternative approach for chemical intermediates. The special properties of water near the critical point allow the direct dehydration of butanol without prior separation of the water. In this work, the reaction of 1‐butanol from aqueous solution to butene was investigated. In a CSTR reactor, the influence of different electrolytes, temperature, and residence time on the conversion and product distribution were quantified. For a better understanding of the reaction, experiments on the reaction behavior of 2‐butanol as well as on the determination of density and phase behavior were carried out.     

Heterogen katalysierte Herstellung von Furfural aus Xylose

The results of the dehydration of C₅‐raw material to obtain furfural via heterogeneous catalysis in water are discussed. Furfural has the potential to substitute fossil compounds on a large scale for polymers, solvents, fine chemicals and finally fuels. Industrial catalysts were reviewed and new catalysts were synthesized. The main difference to recent work is the abdication of supercritical fluids, organic solvents, phase modifiers and ionic liquids. With this also the contamination of the product is prevented and higher product qualities are obtained.