Synthesis of Cellulose-Based Macromolecular Coupling Agent and its Utilization in Poly (butylene succinate)/Wood Flour Composites

A long fatty side chain was introduced into the macromolecule of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) via esterification reaction. The hydrophobicity of hydroxyethyl cellulose lauric acid ester (HECLAE) was enhanced in comparison with HEC. The obtained HECLAE was used as macromolecular coupling agent in poly (butylene succinate)/wood flour composites and exhibited a positive influence on improving the mechanical performance of composites. Besides, HECLAE plays a role as a hydrophobic agent in composites. A significant increase in storage modulus (E’) was observed upon the incorporation of treated wood flour. SEM images showed that the dispersion of treated wood flour in PBS matrix was improved.     

己二酸二乙酯合成新工艺的研究

本文以离子交换树脂作为液固相酯化反应的催化剂 ,甲苯作为带水剂 ,合成己二酸二乙酯。应用本法 ,酯化反应产率高达 78%。同时对影响产率的诸因素进行了考察 ,其最佳反应条件为 :酸醇摩尔比 1∶4 ,催化剂用量为酸质量的 2 5 % ,反应时间为 10小时 ,反应温度 86～ 87℃ ,催化剂重复使用 4次 ,未出现活性明显下降 ,此工艺操作简单 ,反应条件温和 ,产率高 ,具有显著的工业应用价值。     

PBS/HNBR共混可降解橡胶的制备与性能

将聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（PBS）与氢化丁腈橡胶（HNBR）通过熔融共混的方法制备了可以降解的PBS/HNBR共混橡胶。利用X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）,分别对水解前后的PBS/HNBR共混橡胶的晶体结构、表面的微观形貌进行了表征。研究了不同的PBS/HNBR共混比对混炼胶的硫化特性、水解前后力学性能、降解性能的影响。结果表明:PBS与HNBR共混并未影响PBS的晶体结构,PBS能较均匀地分散在HNBR橡胶基体中。在150 ℃的强碱溶液条件下,PBS/HNBR共混橡胶出现了一定程度的降解,且随着PBS用量的增加,降解速率提高。当PBS用量为50 g时,共混橡胶的降解程度达到19.50%,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和硬度都有下降。     

Effect of coumarin and xanthotoxin on mitochondrial structure,oxygen uptake,and succinate dehydrogenase activity in onion root cells

At concentrations in which they occur on the plant surface and retard mitosis, coumarin and xanthotoxin lowered uptake of oxygen (by 60 and 30%, respectively) by meristematic cells ofAllium cepa root tips. They caused changes in the structure of the mitochondrial matrix to become dense, and protrusions of mitochondrial membranes were visible parallelling their hypertrophy, indicating alteration in the structure and physiology of these organelles. Coumarin and, to a lesser extent, xanthotoxin increased succinate dehydrogenase production in mitochondria and also in the cytoplasm, indicating changes in membrane permeability. Changes in oxygen uptake and mitochondrial structure, in addition to the retardation of mitosis, may be the reason these compounds act as allelochemicals after they have been removed from the plant surface and reach the root meristem.     

Poly(butylene succinate)/poly(vinyl phenol) blends. Part 1. Miscibility and crystallization

Miscibility has been investigated in blends of poly(butylene succinate) (PBSU) and poly(vinyl phenol) (PVPh) by differential scanning calorimetry in this work. PBSU is miscible with PVPh as shown by the existence of single composition dependent glass transition temperature over the entire composition range. In addition, the polymer–polymer interaction parameter, obtained from the melting depression of PBSU using the Nishi–Wang equation, is composition dependent, and its value is always negative. This indicates that PBSU/PVPh blends are thermodynamically miscible in the melt. Preliminary morphology study of PBSU/PVPh blends was also studied by optical microscopy (OM). OM experiments show the spherulites of PBSU become larger with the PVPh content, indicative of a decrease in the nucleation density, and the coarseness of PBSU spherulites increases too with increasing the PVPh content in the blends.     

新法合成1，4－二羟基－2－萘甲酸

新法合成１，４ 二羟基 ２ 萘甲酸，操作简便，溶剂消耗少，反应时间短，收率高。探索了影响反应产率的几种因素。     

硫酸氢钠催化合成丁二酸二乙酯

在一水硫酸氢钠存在下 ,由乙醇和丁二酸合成了丁二酸二乙酯。当丁二酸、乙醇和硫酸氢钠的物质的量比为 1∶ 6∶ 0 .2 ,环己烷为溶剂 ,回流分水 5 0 m in,酯收率达 80 .5 %     

全生物降解PBS的扩链改性研究

采用新型扩链剂2,2′-双(2-噁唑啉)(BOZ)对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)进行扩链,研究了BOZ加入量、稳定剂加入量、时间、温度对扩链反应的影响。结果表明,选择最佳条件,扩链后的PBS的相对分子质量较未扩链PBS的相对分子质量大为增加,而且扩链PBS相对分子质量分布与未扩链PBS基本一致,说明PBS扩链后的线性度与起始PBS相同,没有支化或交联反应发生。     

固体酸催化合成草酸二乙酯的应用研究

以粉煤灰、活化剂、硫酸为主要原料经活化、陈化、浸泡、焙烧等处理制得的固体酸催化剂，应用于草酸二乙酯的合成中取得了良好的催化效果。实验发现，当醇酸摩尔比为3．5、催化剂用量为草酸的5％、反应时间在4h时，酯产率可达81.8％，该催化剂具有贮存稳定性高、可重复使用、制备工艺简单、原料成本低廉等特点，是一种易于工业化应用的环境友好固体酸催化剂。     

DSC and TMDSC study of melting behaviour of poly(butylene succinate) and poly(ethylene succinate)

The subsequent melting behaviour of poly(butylene succinate) (PBSU) and poly(ethylene succinate) (PES) was investigated using DSC and temperature modulated DSC (TMDSC) after they finished nonisothermal crystallization from the melt. PBSU exhibited two melting endotherms in the DSC traces upon heating to the melt, which was ascribed to the melting and recrystallization mechanism. However, one melting endotherm with one shoulder and one crystallization exotherm just prior to the melting endotherm were found for PES. The crystallization exotherm was ascribed to the recrystallization of the melt of the crystallites with low thermal stability, and the shoulder was considered to be the melting endotherm of the crystallites with high thermal stability. The final melting endotherm was ascribed to the melting of the crystallites formed through the reorganization of the crystallites with high thermal stability during the DSC heating process. TMDSC experiments gave the direct evidences to support the proposed models to explain the melting behaviour of PBSU and PES crystallized nonisothermally from the melt.