Optimum Ozone Dosage of Preozonation and Characteristic Change of Refractory Organics in Landfill Leachate

Preozonation on landfill leachate was carried out. COD removal rate has an obvious inflection at ozone dosage 0.186 mg_O3/mg_COD in ozonation process. Seven sets of identical O₃-SBR combined process under different ozone dosages were studied. The results indicated that the best COD removal rate of synergetic effect is also at 0.186 mg_O3/mg_COD. New organic substances produced after ozonation was confirmed by an excitation-emission matrix (EEM). Carbon dioxide production increased from 36.3 mg to 75.7 mg after ozonation, confirming that biodegradability of refractory organics in landfill leachate was enhanced. All the arguments indicated that the inflection point of COD removal by ozonation has a great significance for preozonation.     

Application of a sensorial response model to the design of an oral liquid pharmaceutical dosage form

In this paper, we discuss the application of a compartmental model to study the sensorial response, in terms of taste intensity versus time, in an oral solution for pharmaceutical use. The numerical model was developed from sensorial response curves obtained by a panel of three trained individuals. Parameter identification was carried out by means of a least-squares procedure that obtained the linear coefficients in the model by solving an exact linear least-squares problem conditional on the values of the nonlinear parameters for each iteration. Thus, nonlinear estimation was done in terms of the first-order kinetic parameters only, and ill-conditioning of the Hessian matrix present in these models was solved. Results of modeling for a set of formulations were used to determine the effects of various ingredients (sweeteners and an essence) on a baseline unflavored formulation of acetaminophen in a mixture of cosolvents. The first moment of the area under the curve of taste intensity versus time was found to be the best global indicator of taste for the purpose of product design. It was found that a mixture of sweeteners and an essence was the most efficient way of masking the bitter taste of this active ingredient.     

剂量和稳定剂对SBR／SBS改性沥青性能的影响

通过多种性能评价方法，考察了SBR剂量以及添加稳定剂对SBR／SBS改性沥青性能的影响。试验结果表明，SBR剂量超过4%导致沥青离析。加入稳定剂使聚合物产生交联，导致SBR／SBS改性沥青的延度降低、粘韧性和抗变形能力提高。     

质粒剂量和免疫次数对基因枪免疫DNA疫苗免疫反应的影响

目的研究质粒剂量和免疫次数对基因枪免疫DNA疫苗免疫反应的影响。方法构建携带HIV-1 Env gp145基因的DNA疫苗质粒p1.0-Env,分别采用肌肉注射和基因枪方法免疫BALB/c小鼠。其中,基因枪免疫采用不同剂量或不同次数。ELISA法检测小鼠体内Env特异性抗体水平。结果基因枪免疫小鼠诱导的抗体水平显著高于肌肉注射免疫。在0.1～2.25μg剂量范围内,基因枪免疫小鼠体内的Env特异性抗体水平随疫苗剂量的增加不断提高。加大免疫剂量至5μg和10μg,不能提高体液免疫反应水平。基因枪免疫1次和2次所诱导的特异性抗体水平很弱,免疫3次可诱导高水平的抗体应答。结论基因枪免疫能有效提高DNA疫苗所诱导的抗体应答,小鼠的最适免疫剂量约为2.25μg,2.25μg免疫3次可诱导较强的体液免疫反应。     

不同剂量的He-Ne激光对妊娠母鼠子代的生长及行为的影响

目的：He-Ne激光对妊娠母鼠进行照射后，观察对其子代的致变效应。方法：取雌雄小白鼠若干。当母鼠怀孕后开始进行激光照射，随机分成4组，照射时间为0,10，30,60min。当子鼠出生30d后，对其进行生长和行为的观察。结果：不同剂量的He-Ne激光照射妊娠母鼠，其子代的体重，学习记忆力、耐寒能力和缺氧环境适应能力有所不同。结论：He-Ne激光对生物体的致变效应是存在的，且与激光的剂量有关。     

Gene dosage effect on starch structure studied using maize polygenic model containing ae and su1 mutant alleles

The aim of this work was to enhance our understanding on the gene dosage effect on starch structure. Two mutant alleles, ae and su1, were selected for this study. With regard to their genetic functions, ae and su1 mutations are at two opposite extremes; therefore ae and su1 constituted an ideal pair of mutant alleles for manipulating starch structures. A full set of dosage combinations of ae and su1 were constructed in the maize W64A inbred line, and matured kernels were subjected to starch structure analysis. Scanning electron microscopy showed that starch granule morphology was affected by high doses of ae and su1 alleles. X-ray powder diffraction showed that 3 doses of su1 were not able to change the crystalline pattern of starch, whereas 3 doses of ae transformed A-type pattern to B-type. Size-exclusion chromatography showed that homozygous ae, su1, and ae su1 led to drastic change of starch structure from that of non-mutant. In addition, starches from certain ae and su1 dosage combinations were different from those of homozygous genotypes. This study will lay further foundation towards genetic modification of starch for desirable functional properties in food.     

矿渣微粉混凝土与钢筋粘结性能研究

根据光圆钢筋和螺纹钢筋同混凝土的粘结机理的不同，分别对埋入光圆钢筋与螺纹钢筋的掺矿渣微粉混凝土试块进行钢筋拉拔试验，得出了矿渣微粉混凝土与钢筋的粘结强度随矿渣微粉掺量的变化规律。结果表明，矿渣微粉的加入使得钢筋与混凝土之间的摩擦力明显减小而其对机械咬合力的影响则甚微；同时得出在水胶比一定的情况下，钢筋与混凝土的粘结性能随矿渣微粉掺量的增加而降低的结论。     

微量润滑系统冷却性能实验研究

对微量润滑技术(MQL)的冷却性能进行了实验研究,得到了在不同的流量和靶距下,被冷却试件的温度变化过程.实验还对加热金属片进行自然冷却和浇注冷却,并与微量润滑冷却进行了冷却效果对比.研究发现微量润滑具有很好的冷却效果,而且极大地减少了冷却液使用量,降低了资源消耗和环境污染.     

Hard gelatin and hypromellose (HPMC) capsules: estimation of rupture time by real-time dissolution spectroscopy

The objective of this study was to measure rupture time of gelatin and hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or HPMC) capsules using a novel approach based on real-time dissolution spectroscopy. Rupture time was measured in standard dissolution apparatus at a constant temperature using a dip-type fiber-optic probe. Labrasol released from the capsules was treated as the marker of the rupture process. Light scatter generated by the emulsified labrasol was detected by an ultrafast monochromator at scan rates approximating 24,000 nm/min. This technique was validated by measuring the dissolution time of gelatin capsules. Rupture times of hypromellose capsules were studied as a function of capsule size, capsule grade, and dissolution medium. Statistical correlations were analyzed by ANOVA. Rupture time of hypromellose capsules was dependent on both the medium and the grade of the capsule, and was independent of capsule size. The composition of the dissolution medium contributes to the rupture time of the capsules and should be considered when fast release and quick biological response is desired. Release delay, however, may not manifest itself in vivo and the time to maximum plasma concentration may not be significant.     

纤维品种、长度及掺量对道面混凝土的性能影响研究

采用四种纤维品种、六个长度及五个掺量,试验研究了纤维品种、长度及掺量对道面混凝土强度的影响。结果表明：纤维能显著提高道面混凝土的抗折强度,但对抗压强度无显著影响,其中改性聚酯纤维混凝土抗折强度最高,抗折强度并不是简单地随纤维长度及掺量的增大而增加,而是存在一个最佳长度及掺量范围,其最佳长度为8mm～16mm,最佳体积掺量为0．10％～0．16％。建议机场高强道面采用体积掺量为0．10％～0．16％、长度为8mm～16mm的改性聚酯纤维混凝土铺筑。