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1.
Wei Wang Xiaojun Wei Chuanshen Wang Wencai Zhou Bailin Zhu Chongjie Wang Linfei Liu 《Ceramics International》2021,47(3):3548-3552
Using the magnetic sputtering technique, the SnO2/Ag/SnO2 tri-layer transparent films were fabricated on float glasses successfully. Compared with the commercial FTO (F-doped SnO2) film, the SnO2/Ag/SnO2 tri-layer films have higher visible-light transmittance and better conductivity. The total thickness of the SnO2/Ag/SnO2 films is one third of the commercial FTO film leading to the high visible-light transmittance. The high carrier concentration of the SnO2/Ag/SnO2 films contributes to the tri-layer films’ low resistivity. In addition, to further improve the performance of the SnO2/Ag/SnO2 tri-layer films, samples were annealed under different temperatures. The results illustrate that the lowest sheet resistance (5.92 Ω/sq) and the highest visible-light transmittance (87.0%) were obtained after annealing at 200 °C. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the films could be enhanced by a multi-step annealing process due to the recrystallization effect. 相似文献
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Kenji Goto Takuya Kawashima Nobuo Tanabe 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2006,90(18-19):3251-3260
We developed new heat-resisting transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films with resistivity of 1.4×10−4 Ω cm, an optical transmittance of above 80% (at 550 nm) and heat-resisting temperature at above 600 °C. The TCO films consists of fluorine-doped tin oxide films coated on indium–tin oxide films. They were prepared by a spray pyrolysis deposition method on glass substrates. The 100×100 mm2 dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) were prepared with the TCO films. An energy conversion efficiency of the DSC was improved drastically in comparison to the case with conventional TCO films. 相似文献
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Sunny Wang Author Vitae 《World Patent Information》2011,33(1):67-71
The biological pharmaceutical market is one of the fastest growing sectors in the health care business. Sales of biologic drugs reached $120 billion in 2008 [1] and the worldwide market of biologics continues to grow (IMS Health). As patents on first generation of biologic drugs, including epoetin, insulin granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interferon alpha, will soon expire, if they have not already, and patents on some of the second generation of biological drugs, such as antibody drugs, are going to be expire in the next few years, there exists a great opportunity in developing biosimilars, especially for large pharmaceutical companies which face great challenges in developing new blockbuster drugs. In the past few years, the United States, Canada, and Japan have debated or passed legislation on biosimilars with active involvement from top pharmaceutical and generic drug companies. The successful leader in this field will be the one that has the foresight and resources to position themselves well to gain in the future. So what are biosimilars? What are the technological differences between biosimilars and small molecule generic drugs? Finally, what are the considerations for biosimilars in terms of patent searching? An example on a biosimilar study is given here. 相似文献
4.
R. Valaski C.D. Canestraro L. Micaroni R.M.Q. Mello L.S. Roman 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2007,91(8):684-688
We investigated photovoltaic devices based on electrochemically deposited monolayer of neat polythiophene (PT) films onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/glass substrates. The photo-electrical behavior of these devices, using FTO and aluminum as electrodes, presented symbatic and antibatic response. These devices presented Voc700 mV, under monochromatic irradiation (λ=610 nm; 1 W/m2) and the Incident Photon Converted to Electron Efficiency (IPCE) around 5%, with illumination through the FTO electrode (λ=610 nm; 1 W/m2). Cyclic voltammogramms and optical measurements were used to estimate the PT HOMO and LUMO energy levels, as well to demonstrate that the potential synthesis did not produce any polymer degradation. Using the Schottky model expression in the dark current voltage characteristics it was possible to obtain the barrier height value (b), for the interface PT/Al. The b was quite near to the difference between the aluminum work function and the PT electronic affinity and coherent with the Voc values. 相似文献
5.
Bao-Jia Li Yong-Ying Wang Li-Jing Huang Hai-Di Cao Qinghua Wang Nai-Fei Ren Hongtao Ding 《Ceramics International》2018,44(18):22225-22234
An ultrasonic-vibration-assisted laser annealing method was developed to enhance the performance of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films. The influences of ultrasonic vibration, laser scan line overlapping rate (LOR) and laser spot overlapping rate (SOR) on surface morphology, FTO layer thickness, RMS roughness, crystal structure and photoelectric properties of the FTO films were investigated. The results indicated that the presence of ultrasonic vibration during laser annealing could significantly enhance the film compactness, and using moderate LOR and SOR values resulted in significantly decreased FTO layer thicknesses and RMS roughnesses as well as slightly increased crystallite sizes, thus yielding significantly improved optical transmittance values and slightly enhanced electrical conductivity values. It was found that the optimal LOR and SOR values for ultrasonic-vibration-assisted laser annealing of the FTO films were 80% and 90%, respectively. The as-obtained film possessed the best overall photoelectric property with an average transmittance (400–800?nm) of 85.9%, a sheet resistance of 8.7?Ω/sq and a figure of merit of 2.51?×?10–2 Ω–1. This work may be of great significance in terms of performance optimization of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films. 相似文献
6.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(12):20012-20019
Despite a number of favorable properties, several drawbacks need to be addressed before hematite can be considered a highly desirable material for applications in water-splitting photoelectrochemical (PEC) electrodes. In the present work, the PEC performance was improved by the synergetic effects of the preparation techniques and modification of the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass. The hematite photoanodes deposited onto the pretreated FTO supports clearly decreased the overpotential by up to 100 mV with a higher photocurrent compared to the bare FTO glass. In particular, an electrochemical preparation method including moderate annealing resulted in a highly enhanced PEC performance by influencing the FTO glass during the electrode preparation process. 相似文献
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Y. Yoshida S. Tokashiki K. Kubota R. Shiratuchi Y. Yamaguchi M. Kono S. Hayase 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2008,92(6):646-650
In order to improve the physical and chemical contacts between a porous TiO2 layer and an F-doped SnO2 transparent conductive layer (FTO), the surface of the FTO layer is polished. After polishing, the surface roughness decreased. However, light transmittance and sheet resistance did not vary largely. The short circuit current (Jsc) and efficiencies increased after the FTO was polished. It was found that the interfacial charge transfer between a TiO2 layer and an FTO layer decreased by impedance measurement, which suggests that contacts between an FTO and a TiO2 layer are improved because of the flatted surfaces or removal of electrical impurities. We propose one of the industrially important phenomena that surface polishing of FTO is one of the ways to increase photovoltaic performances for DSCs. 相似文献
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Hae‐Jun Seok Jae‐Hoon Lee Jin‐Hyeok Park Sang‐Hwi Lim Han‐Ki Kim 《Israel journal of chemistry》2019,59(8):729-746
In this review, we briefly describe a recent research development of transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) for next‐generation quantum dot‐based light‐emitting diodes (QDLEDs). Although sputtered Sn‐doped In2O3 (ITO) and chemically grown F‐doped SnO2 (FTO) electrodes have mainly been employed as transparent electrodes for QDLEDs, there have been great advances in TCE materials and fabrication processes. This review presents important characteristics of various TCE and applications in QDLEDs as a transparent cathode or anode. In particular, we will focus on characteristics of metal grids, metal nanowire, carbon nanotube, graphene, and hybrid electrodes for QDLEDs as promising alternatives to typical ITO and FTO electrodes. In addition, we discuss the current status of transparent conducting oxide‐based QDLEDs. By comparing the performances of QDLED with different TCEs, we suggest promising alternatives ITO or FTO electrodes. 相似文献