Preparation of clean coal by flotation following ultra fine liberation

This paper reports the results of current fundamental research at the Department of Process Engineering, University of Miskolc on the processing of clean coal from Mecsek bituminous coal, Southern Hungary. The theoretical possibility of the separation of different petrographic components was proven experimentally and their liberation degree was determined based on the petrographic composition, flotation kinetic study of isolated components (groups of components), scanning electron microscopy and microprobe analyses. The mill with stirred ball media was chosen for the ultra-fine liberation of the coal components. It was revealed that along with the liberation of coal components, their surface oxidation and spontaneous agglomeration, entrapping the mineral impurities take place in ultra-fine grinding. This paper discusses the interfacial phenomena occurring in the ultra-fine grinding process and their influence on the flotation. The concept for the advanced preparation of clean coal was developed, tested and proved. The main steps of this concept are the ultra-fine liberation in the stirred-media mill, the de-agglomeration of flocs spontaneously formed during the ultra-fine grinding and the induced (hydrophobic) flocculation with the following two-step flotation in a flotation column.     

Modeling flotation separation in a semi-batch process

A model for a semi-batch flotation separation process has been developed, based on available microprocess probabilities, and compared to experimental data obtained using a WEMCO laboratory flotation cell. In general, the model predicts the correct experimental trends. In many cases, the model also predicts removal efficiency very well. Parametric studies reveal that the model predictions are sensitive to a stability parameter, the turbulent energy density in the flotation cell, the contact angle between the solid particle and fluid, and the ratio of initial-to-critical film thickness.     

黑钨矿细泥浮选时有机螯合剂的活化作用

黑钨矿细泥的有效浮选仍是有待解决的选矿难题。本文试图采用有机螯合剂作活化剂，以实现黑钨细泥浮选药剂低耗高效的目的。     

黄沙坪矿浮选程控自动给药机的原理及应用

介绍了湖南黄沙坪铅锌矿浮选程控自动给药机的工作原理、系统配置及功能。现场使用表明，浮选程控自动给药机比人工加药降低药剂耗量9－10个百分点。     

Study of the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the surface composition and the flotation performance of high-sulfur coal

This paper highlighted the use of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the changes on the surface composition of high-sulfur coal and pyrite before and after ultrasonic conditioning. The results showed that ultrasonic conditioning resulted in a decrease in the contents of iron and sulfur in coal, an increase in the content of element carbon, and an increase in the purity of the coal. Conversely, ultrasonic conditioning led to an increase in the content of iron and sulfur in pyrite, a decrease in the impure content of calcium, and a relative increase in the purity of the pyrite after ultrasonic conditioning. This study verified that on the one hand, ultrasonic conditioning can promote the pyrite separation from the high-sulfur coal, with the separated pyrite taking the form of FeS; on the other hand, it can produce a cleaning effect on the surface of coal and pyrite with the consequent increase both in hydrophobicity of coal and hydrophilicity of pyrite. The paper introduced ultrasonic pre-treatment of the slurry and stepped froth removal tests of high-sulfur coal and the study on the yield, ash and sulfur content of clean coal in different phases. The results gave further evidence of the increases both in the rate and the selectivity of flotation. This study shows that ultrasonic conditioning can enhance the performance of de-sulphurization of high-sulfur coal flotation.     

Separation of Polyvinyl Chloride from Plastic Mixture by Froth Flotation after Surface Modification with Ozone

Selective modification by ozonation for the surface of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was evaluated to separate PVC from the other plastics, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), with almost the same density as PVC by the froth flotation process. Ozonation could selectively decrease the contact angles of flexible PVC from 87.5 degrees to 68.4 degrees and rigid PVC from 90.3 degrees to 66.9 degrees, whereas little decreases in the contact angle were observed for other plastics. This would be due to the replacement of the chloride group on the surface of PVC, into hydrophilic functional groups; carbonyl, carboxyl and ester group. The PVC was successfully separated from the other plastics by the froth flotation process after the selective surface modification by ozonation.     

自吸气式离心浮选机的试验研究

介绍了自吸气式离心浮选机的结构及工作原理,并进行了半工业性试验。自吸气式离心浮选机与XPM8浮选机的对比试验结果表明,自吸气式离心浮选机试验结果接近或优于XPM8浮选机。     

Electrochemical studies of pyrite oxidation and reduction using freshly-fractured electrodes and rotating ring-disc electrodes

Oxidation and reduction processes on coal- and mineral-pyrite surfaces have been investigated to better understand the reactions that control the hydrophobicity and flotation behavior of pyrite. The incipient oxidation and reduction reactions were studied using fresh surfaces of pyrite that were created by in situ fracturing electrodes potentiostated at a predetermined potential. Chronoamperometry immediately after fracture and subsequent cyclic voltammetry have established that fresh fracture surfaces of pyrite instantaneously assume a unique potential (referred to as the “stable” potential) at which neither oxidation nor reduction takes place. For Peruvian and Chinese pyrites, the stable potential is −0.28 V (standard hydrogen electrode, SHE) at pH 9.2 and 0 V at pH 4.6. The initial oxidation of pyrite begins at potentials slightly positive of the stable potential and is believed to produce a hydrophobic sulfur-rich species, most likely a polysulfide or metal-deficient sulfide. A rotating ring-disc electrode (RRDE) was employed to study the kinetics and mechanisms of surface reactions on pyrite over moderate potential ranges. Two distinct soluble reduction products (ferrous hydroxide and HS⁻) and one distinct soluble oxidation product (ferrous hydroxide) were observed on pyrite in alkaline solutions. It is concluded that the initial oxidation of pyrite and the oxidation of ferrous to ferric hydroxide occur in a similar potential range. When the electrode is oxidized, e.g. by polishing, prior to experiments, the initial oxidation of pyrite is masked by the oxidation of ferrous hydroxide, making it difficult to study the oxidation of pyrite itself.     

天然碱代替纯碱的磷矿选矿试验

经过煅烧的天然碱可以在浮选作业中代替纯碱使用。王集磷矿一、三层混合矿和宁夏贺兰山磷矿使用这种煅烧天然碱,浮选指标均优于原使用纯碱的工艺。该药剂来源广,价格低,可以为企业带来较大的经济效益。     

安徽某地石英砂的加温反浮选试验

研究了温度从15℃升高到50℃时,安徽省某地石英砂矿物的反浮选特性。研究表明在矿浆pH值2-2．5时,温度为45℃,石英表面ζ电位的负值是试验温度范围内的最低值,此时长石的表面ζ电位的负值比在25℃时要大,有利于阳离子捕收剂在长石表面的吸附,从而提高长石与石英的浮选分离效果。