硫硒化镉大红釉的研究

综述了硫硒化镉大红釉的研究状况，分析了各种充硒化镉釉制备方法的优缺点。提出了独特的硫硒化镉系列色釉的制备工艺－－多熔块反应法。     

Matter Timed

At best, the ageing of materials is regarded as lending a patina to historic buildings. In reality, however, materials often age disgracefully and unevenly, requiring a high level of maintenance and refurbishment. What if materials could be engineered and integrated into buildings not only to enhance but to heal? Martina Decker , Assistant Professor in the College of Architecture and Design at the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), looks at pioneering research that is being undertaken into performative, time-dependent materials.     

Isothermal corrosion testing of frit furnace refractories

In this paper, the corrosion behaviour of aluminosilicate type refractories in frit melts is studied in an isothermal corrosion test setup. A refractory brick of largely andalusite and sillimanite composition was compared to another refractory brick of mullite and sillimanite composition, both of which were made by different manufacturers for use in different frit furnaces. The industrial frit used for corrosion tests was a commercial product used in a wall tile glaze formulation. Corrosion tests conducted under isothermal conditions provide quantitative and reproducible data about the corrosion performance of refractories. In this study, tests were performed by partially immersing a 15 mm × 15 mm × 115 mm refractory specimen into a frit melt at temperatures between 1404 and 1504 °C. The effects of temperature, duration of exposure and the refractory brick type were investigated using a statistically designed set of experiments. The ANOVA (analysis of variance) table indicated that temperature and test duration were the most important factor effects, as expected. Increasing both temperature and exposure duration led to an increased amount of corrosion as measured by the cross-sectional area loss of the corroded refractory specimen. Postmortem microstructural analysis was also done on the specimens, with extensive amount of ZnO·Al₂O₃ precipitation observed along the frit–refractory interface, where crystals of mullite and alumina were also found to precipitate. Increasing the amount of exposure time and temperature produced more ZnO·Al₂O₃ precipitation. As identified by SEM-EDS analysis, mullite crystals were in the needle-like morphology, while alumina crystals were generally cubic. Additional experiments were conducted by rotating the specimens in the melt at 50 rpm of rotational speed. Due to the reduction of boundary layer thickness, more dissolution was observed from the rotated specimens. In all specimens, corrosion was more pronounced in the bond phase than through the large filler grains of mullite and andalusite.     

Frit salvage innovation of cathode ray tube by initiating to crack along the seal edge

This article describes a thermal stress boundary element analysis which was carried out to select a mechanical device that would innovate the frit salvage of cathode ray tubes (CRT). The panel and funnel of a CRT are fritted at the seal edge. To reuse a CRT, the panel and funnel are separated by etching and then applied a thermal shock. This procedure is known as frit salvage. Current yield of the frit salvage success rate is about 61 %, which means that 39% of the components are lost and cannot be reused. The financial burden can be reduced if the salvage rate is improved through a better understanding of the thermal shock mechanism.

During thermal shock, a crack was observed to initiate at the end of the axes and traverses towards the corner along the seal end. A CRT is lost when the crack travels along the diagonal corner. A thermal stress analysis was carried out using the boundary element method. The analysis determined that maximum stresses are located near the blend radius on the panel skirt at approximately 1–2 inches on either side of the diagonal. Also it was found that the stresses along the frit seal edge are uniform from the end of the major and minor axes towards the diagonal. The stresses at the diagonal location were reduced by approximately 29%. The direction and location of the crack obtained by the boundary element anlysis were consistent with those observed in the frit salvage procedure.

The crack's promoter along the seal edge is used to protect thermal shock on the outer face panel near the heel radius in order to prevent thermal failure on the diagonal corner. The resultant stresses' directions through the crack's promoter have two holds. The directions of the dominant high stresses at the seal edge through the crack's promoter were changed perpendicular to the seal edge. Therefore, it induces the crack to follow along the seal edge. Secondly, the stresses' directions on a diagonal corner have also been changed to be perpendicular to the seal edge. Consequently, this will prevent the crack along the seal edge from propagating to the diagonal corner, as the crack will advance normally to the maximum principal stress. The crack continues to traverse along the dominant high stress lines at the seal edge as required for a successful frit salvage process. This application is an excellent example of the advantages of using the boundary element method in an industrial setting.     

彩色显像管低熔点封接玻璃高压击穿

本文叙述了彩色显像管屏锥封接工艺过程中低熔点玻璃高压击穿的特征及分布状况，分析了击穿机理，总结了有效择策措施，收到了显著效果。     

透明熔块和透明釉配方优化设计的研究

将配方优化设计的方法应用到生产用透明熔块和透明熔块釉的配方设计和配方调整上,关键在于杜绝或减少釉中的液相分相现象,研究了一些氧化物对溶块和熔块釉的透明度,光泽度和熔融湿度的影响。研究表明熔块配方中Ａ１２Ｏ３、ＺｎＯ对釉层中的液相分相产生明显影响,而Ｂ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ、ＺｎＯ则对税的光泽度影响较大,通过配方优化设计数据的分析,可获得使釉中液相分相倾向最低的优质熔块配方。     

纳米WC-Co硬质合金研究现状

综述纳米硬质合金的研究开发概况及应用。重点介绍纳米WC和WC-Co粉体的制备方法和烧结工艺,指出要成功地制备纳米硬质合金,关键在于抑制烧结过程中WC晶粒的长大。简要介绍纳米硬质合金的应用前景。     

多熔块反应法制备Cd（SxSe1—x）系列色釉

本文研究了用多熔块反应法制备Ｃｄ（ＳｘＳｅ１－ｘ）系列色釉。选用适当的化合物作出发原料,分别合成了在其中固定有Ｓ、Ｓｅ、Ｃｄ的玻璃熔块,将该三类熔块按不同比例混合,根据坯体性质、烧成温度等不同要求,分别配合不同类型、不同数量的基础熔块,制成了烧成温度在９５０～１１５０℃范围,颜色从黄到红乃至栗色的系列色釉。     

Cd(S_xSe_(1-x))系列釉呈色机理的研究

本文提出了独特的硫硒化镉系列色釉的制备工艺─—多熔块反应法。即选用适应的化合物作出发原料,分别合成了在其中固定有S、Se、Cd的玻璃熔块,将该三类熔块按不同比例混合,根据坯体性质、烧成温度等不同要求,分别配合不同类型、不同数量的基础熔块,制成了烧成温度在950─—1120℃范围,颜色从黄到红乃至栗色的系列釉料。并采用X－ray衍射分析、透射电镜等手段,研究讨论了系列釉的呈色是由于在釉烧过程中,S、Se、Cd从各自的色源质熔块组成内扩散释放出来,在釉层中析出了Cd（SxSe1-x）微晶所致。     

Multinuclear core/shell hematite/glass particles for peeling-free red overglaze enamels on porcelain

For red overglaze enamel decoration, a type of colored ceramic coating for ceramics, a partial peeling might occur in mass-produced ceramic ware products. In this study, multinuclear core/shell hematite/glass composite particles, comprising a hematite core and a glass shell, where hematite particles are highly dispersed in a glass matrix, were developed to prepare a red coating material that could achieve a bright red-colored overglaze enamel without peeling. A peeling-free, bright yellowish red-colored overglaze enamel could be obtained when using the composite particles as the red paint. The former function (preventing peeling) can be derived from micrometric size of the shell glass particles and the latter function (high chroma and lightness) is caused by highly dispersive hematite particles in the shell glass particles. Our results suggest that the composite particles are suitable for mass-production due to their peeling-free nature, indicating a potential to be widely used as coloring for ceramic coating products.