搪瓷釉料新颖添加剂铝溶胶

搪瓷釉料新颖添加剂铝溶胶任岳荣（浙江省明矾石综合利用研究所３２５０２８）ＮｅｗＡｄｄｉｔｉｖｅＡｌｕｍｉｎａＳｏｌｆｏｒＧｌａｚｅｏｆＥｎａｍｅｌ￥ＲｅｎＹｕｅｒｏｎｇ（ＺｈｅｊｉａｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅＵｔｉｌｉｚａｔ...     

论Cr2O3在铅釉中的呈色

详细叙述了铅釉熔块的配料及熔制过程，按照熔块与Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的不同比例配制了釉料，通过对铅釉样品的讨论，弄清了Ｃｒ２Ｏ３在铅釉中的呈色特点，给出了红色铅釉和黄色铜釉的最佳配方。     

铬、钴、铁用作彩色渗花砖发色元素的研究

用晶体体场理论讨论了铬、钴、铁作为陶瓷发色元素的呈色机理，并对彩色渗花液在砖坯上的渗入过程及物理化学原理进行了研究，分析了影响发色剂呈色的主要因素。     

低温日用光泽透明釉的研制

研制了一种以硅灰石、锂辉石为主要助熔剂，烧结温度在1150℃的低温日用光泽透明釉，性能达到了国家标准。文章通过对其烧成过程和显微结构观测，探讨了其烧成机理，以及助熔剂在成釉过程中的作用。     

Bonding strategies to full-contour zirconia: Zirconia pretreatment with piranha solution,glaze and airborne-particle abrasion

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various zirconia surface pretreatments on the adhesion between full contour 3Y-TZP zirconia and glaze, and the shear bond strength (SBS) between glazed/3Y-TZP and resin cement. Specimens were allocated into groups: GL-glaze; AL+GL-sandblasting with Al₂O₃+GL; CJ+GL-tribochemical silica coating (Cojet^®/CJ)+GL; PS+GL-piranha solution+GL; and CJ. Adhesion between 3Y-TZP and GL was evaluated using the scratch test. Surface topography and glaze thickness were evaluated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). For SBS, glazed/3Y-TZP surface was etched with hydrofluoric acid and a silane was applied. For CJ only the silane was applied. Samples were tested after 24 h (24 h wet) or after 15,000 thermal cycles and 90 days storage (thermocycled). After SBS, the type of failure was classified as: adhesive, mixed or cohesive. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. SEM analysis after scratch test revealed circular cracks in the GL group and conformal cracks in the others groups. SEM micrographs suggested that zirconia specimens submitted to airborne-particle abrasion presents rougher and porous surface when compared to surfaces treated with GL and PS. The glaze layer was approximately 1.86 µm thick in all groups. After 24 h, SBS test showed highest values for AL+GL and CJ+GL and were significantly higher when compared to the GL group. Differences were not significant between PS+GL and the other groups. After aging (thermocycling+storage), groups GL and CJ presented no statistically significant difference compared to 24 h and aged AL+GL, CJ+GL and PS+GL groups. The predominant type of failure was mixed. 3Y-TZP surface treatment with glaze application could be considered as an alternative treatment, since it yielded a similar resin bond strength without the need for airborne-particle abrasion.     

工艺条件对中温裂纹釉的影响

以钠长石、石英、硅灰石、方解石、龙岩高岭土、白云石为原料,采用氧化气氛在1 200~1 230℃制备中温裂纹釉。研究了工艺条件对中温裂纹釉的影响。实验结果表明:在配方组成不变的情况下,工艺条件对裂纹釉有着重要的影响。当球磨时间为9min时,釉浆浓度均匀易于裂纹釉的形成;同时当浸釉时间为6~9s,烧成温度为1 200~1 220℃,保温时间为20min时,釉面平整光滑,呈现大片开裂。     

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and acetaldehyde by TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/glaze coated porous red clay tile

Nanosized TiO₂ sol synthesized by sol-gel method was successfully coated on the porous red clay tile (PRC tile) with micrometer sized pores. PRC tile was first coated with a low-firing glaze (glaze-coated PRC tile) and then TiO₂ sol was coated on the glaze layer. A low-fired glaze was prepared at various blending ratios with frit and feldspar, and a blending ratio glazed at 700 °C was selected as an optimum condition. Then TiO₂ sol synthesized from TTIP was dip-coated on the glazed layer (TiO₂/glaze-coated PRC tile), and it was calcined again at 500 °C. Here, these optimum calcination temperatures were selected to derive a strong bonding by a partial sintering between TiO₂ sol particles and glaze layer. Photocatalytic activity on the TiO₂/glaze-coated PRC tile was evaluated by the extent of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and acetaldehyde. Methylene blue with the high concentration of 150 mg/l on the surface of TiO₂/glaze-coated PRC tile was almost photodegraded within 5 hours under the condition of average UV intensity of 0.275 mW/cm₂, while no photodegradation reaction of methylene blue occurred on the glaze-coated PRC tile without TiO₂. Another photocatalytic activity was also evaluated by measuring the extent of photocatalytic degradation of gaseous acetaldehyde. The photodegradation efficiency in TiO₂/glaze-coated PRC tile showed about 77% photocatalytic degradation of acetaldehyde from 45,480 mg/l to 10,536 mg/l after the UV irradiation of 14 hours, but only about 16% in the case of the glaze-coated PRC tile.     

The mechanism for the colour change of iron chromium black pigments in glazes through transmission electron microscopy techniques

Black iron-chromium (Fe-Cr) bearing oxide pigments are generally utilised as effective colourants in a wide variety of applications. However, in the case of their use within ZnO-containing glazes, they yield an undesirable brown colour instead of expected black colour. In order to understand the colour change in this system, we report the use of focused ion beam (FIB) sample preparation technique followed by the use of analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterisation techniques. According to the results, the formation of a reaction layer between the pigment and glaze was identified with an average composition of Zn_0.48Fe_0.79Cr_1.32O₄. Additionally, the valance of Fe was determined as 3+ in the pigment grain, whereas 2+ in the reaction layer and the glaze, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that the colour change is occurring as result of the valence variation of Fe, the formation of Zn_0.48Fe_0.79Cr_1.32O₄ compound and the outward diffusion of Fe into the glaze.     

Mössbauer spectroscopic and chromaticity analysis on colorative mechanism of celadon glaze

The dependence of the color of a celadon glaze on the chemical composition and the electronic state of Fe was investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopic and chromaticity analysis. The amount of Fe₂O₃ was found to be the main factor influencing L* and b* values, whereas the amount of TiO₂ was found to affect all the parameters (L*, a*, b*). The effect of MnO on the color was significant only by interaction terms. The amount of P₂O₅ was found to be the main factor of the b* value. According to the Mössbauer analysis results, as the amount of divalent iron ions increases, the a* and b* values decreased; on the other hand, the L* value increased. As the amount of titanium increased, Fe²⁺ was found to be destabilized relative to Fe³⁺ due to the structural instability of Fe-O-Ti network.     

Development of catalysts for anaerobic processing of liquid organic waste

In the work, the development of a catalyst carrier of biomaterial for anaerobic processing of liquid organic waste was carried out. A highly porous cellular material (НPСM) made of high-alumina ceramics obtained by thermal destruction of a polymer matrix impregnated with a high-alumina ceramic slip was used as the carrier base. The catalyst coating was applied by blowing a conductive powder through a carrier pre-coated with an adhesive composition or by impregnating the carrier with a suspension of conductive glaze followed by firing. The conductive powder was the product of milling grinding ferromagnetic bodies in a vortex layer apparatus. An experimental setup has been developed and manufactured, including a vortex layer apparatus, a blower, and a chamber with a catalyst carrier. The plant operation was optimized using the response surface methodology. It has been established that it is rational to vary the mass of working bodies to obtain the required concentration while reducing the power consumption of the plant by minimizing the duration of its operation. The next steps are to study the efficiency of an anaerobic bioreactor with an integrated HPCM with a catalyst coating formed by sputtering and glazing to produce biohydrogen and biomethane during anaerobic bioconversion of organic matter of various wastes.