Friedlnder缩合反应合成C-2-β-D-葡萄糖基喹啉

采用葡萄糖和2,4-戊二酮经Knoevenagel缩合反应制备得到β-丙酮基葡萄糖,β-丙酮基葡萄糖与苯环取代的邻氨基苯甲醛经Friedlnder缩合反应,以高达90%的产率合成了4个结构新颖的葡萄糖基喹啉类化合物.目标化合物的结构均经1HNMR,13CNMR和元素分析确证。     

Centrifugal partition chromatography applied to the isolation of oak wood aroma precursors

Flavours extracted from oak wood during barrel ageing contribute to the organoleptic character of wines and spirits. The aim of this work was to identify the glycosidic precursors of the key volatile compounds responsible for oak wood aroma. Oak extract is a very complex matrix and, furthermore, precursors are present in very small quantities. Preparative centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) is a promising solution for purifying the oak extract. The solvent system was selected on the basis of the partition coefficient of glycosidase enzyme activity (K_ca). Thanks to the efficacy of CPC separation, three glucoside gallates were subsequently isolated by HPLC chromatography. Vanillin-(6′-O-galloyl)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-(6′-O-galloyl)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and (6R,9R)-3-oxo-α-ionol-9-O-(6′-O-galloyl)-β-glucopyranoside (macarangioside E) were isolated and identified. This was the first time that vanillin-(6′-O-galloyl)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside was identified and the first time that macarangioside E was isolated from oak wood. Heating macarangioside E resulted in the formation of megastigmatrienone, which has an aroma reminiscent of tobacco.     

甲基葡萄糖甙的合成及其应用

本文着重介绍了以淀粉或葡萄糖和甲醇为原料合成甲基葡萄糖甙，并以甲基葡萄糖甙为原料，合成甲甙聚醚多元醇、酚醛树脂、可挠性密胺树脂、甲甙长链烷基酯非离子表面活性剂以及甲基葡萄糖甙在防结冰剂、化妆品等方面的应用。     

甲基葡萄糖苷聚氧乙烯醚合成工艺研究(II)——溶剂法

用自制改性甘油作为溶剂合成了甲基葡萄糖苷聚氧乙烯醚 ,适宜反应条件为 :温度 1 5 0 -1 75℃ ,溶剂 1 5 % ,催化剂NaOH用量 1 % (均以原料质量计 ) ,压力 0 .2 - 0 .3Mpa ,充分搅拌。     

葡萄糖苷类香味前体合成研究进展

综述了目前O-葡萄糖苷类香味前体的6种合成方法:半缩醛羟基卤代法、酰亚胺盐取代半缩醛羟基法、原酸酯作糖苷载体法、葡萄糖作糖苷载体法、全酯化葡萄糖作糖苷载体法和生物转化法,并对各种方法进行了对比分析,认为合成O-葡萄糖苷类物质的关键在于选择合适的糖苷载体和催化剂,生物催化法值得进一步研究。     

Characterization of Microemulsion Systems Formed by a Mixed 1,3-Dioxolane Ethoxylate/Octyl Glucoside Surfactant System

The phase behavior of microemulsion systems containing water (or 1.0 wt% NaCl_aq), isooctane, and the binary surfactant system consisting of n-octyl-β-d-glucopyranoside, C₈βG₁, and the acid-cleavable alkyl ethoxylate, 4-CH₃O (CH₂CH₂O)_7.2, 2-(CH₂)₁₂CH₃, 2-(CH₂)CH₃, 1,3-dioxolane, or “cyclic ketal” (“CK-2,13”), was determined. Large temperature-insensitive one, two, and three-phase microemulsion-phase regions were obtained when equal masses of the two surfactants were employed, suggesting that C₈βG₁ reduces the temperature sensitivity of CK-2,13’s ethoxylate group. Addition of C₈βG₁ to CK-2,13 greatly improves the latter’s low efficiency, evidenced by the formation of a three-phase microemulsion system for surfactant concentrations at low fractions of total surfactants for systems with equal mass ratios of water to oil and CK-2,13 to C₈βG₁. Analysis of the phase diagrams also suggests that CK-2,13 and C₈βG₁ impart hydrophobic and hydrophilic character, respectively, to the surfactant mixture, and that addition of salt further increases the hydrophilicity of C₈βG₁, presumably because of the salting-in of the latter. Analysis of small-angle neutron scattering data revealed that the mixed surfactant system formed spherical oil-in-water microemulsions, and that increasing the CK-2,13 fraction among the surfactants reduced the critical microemulsion concentration but slightly increased the nanodroplet size.

5-氟脲嘧啶糖苷的合成

本文主要阐述了合成以下几类化合物：１位芳磺酰基取代的５－氟脲嘧啶衍生物利用相转移催化法合成３位取代的带保护基的５－氟脲嘧啶糖苷。它们的结构经红外光谱（ＩＲ）、核磁共振波谱（Ｈ－ＮＭＲ）、元素分析所证明     

Preparation and Physiochemical Properties of Disodium Lauryl Glucoside Sulfosuccinate

A new synthetic route to a mild surfactant disodium lauryl glucoside sulfosuccinate (AG‐SS) containing two hydrophilic groups is described and its measured physicochemical properties reported. AG‐SS was synthesized from lauryl glucoside reacted with maleic acid anhydride, and then sulfonated with sodium sulfite. The structure and composition of the product were defined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The surface activity measurement showed that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and that the surface tension at CMC (γ_CMC) of AG‐SS were 2.59 × 10^?4 mol/L and 35.21 mN/m at 25 °C, respectively. AG‐SS exhibited excellent water solubility eliminating the disadvantage of lauryl glucoside; its foaming ability was also remarkable.