清代大运河之帆船航运

自中国封建王朝定都北京以来,连接北京和杭州的大运河一直作为水上要道发挥着重要作用。特别是在明清两代,大运河作为最重要的漕运通路,承担了江南税粮输送的任务。可以说,从某种意义上看,大运河与北京政权的命运息息相关。但到目前为止,这些承担输送任务的漕船到底如何在大运河上航行的问题,仍然不甚清晰。因此,以清代的档案史料为中心,来分析运河漕船的航行情况。     

浙东运河闸坝控制工程及其技术特征研究

浙东运河是中国大运河的重要组成部分、是内河水运网络与海运联接的纽带。与大运河其他河段相比,浙东运河水系水文、控制工程有其鲜明特点。本文基于水利工程科技史的视角,对浙东运河水系构成及分段特点、浙东运河控制工程分布、闸坝工程型式与功能特征及其原因进行了系统分析,对浙东运河宁波段极具特色的闸坝功能划分特征、闸坝结合的工程型式产生及其技术特点进行了考证、分析,从中国大运河整体视角审视浙东运河水利工程遗产的特点及其科技价值。     

基于功能语境视角下的非物质文化遗产外宣归化异化翻译——以扬州大运河外宣翻译为例

非物质文化遗产的外宣翻译和国家当前提出的"文化走出去战略"不谋而合。归化异化翻译理论更适合于翻译中文化因素的处理已得到了翻译界的认可。文章以扬州大运河非物质文化遗产外宣翻译为研究对象,针对非遗外宣翻译的目的及特点,以功能语境理论为指导方针,以归化异化翻译为手段,来探讨非物质文化遗产的外宣翻译。     

Mechanising a formal model of flash memory

We present second steps in the construction of formal models of NAND flash memory, based on a recently emerged open standard for such devices. The model is intended as a key part of a pilot project to develop a verified file store system based on flash memory. The project was proposed by Joshi and Holzmann as a contribution to the Grand Challenge in Verified Software, and involves constructing a highly assured flash file store for use in space-flight missions. The model is at a level of abstraction that captures the internal architecture of NAND flash devices. In this paper, we focus on mechanising the state model and its initialisation operation, where most of the conceptual complexity resides.     

USING OTOLITH CHEMISTRY TAGS AND GROWTH PATTERNS TO DISTINGUISH MOVEMENTS AND PROVENANCE OF NATIVE FISH IN THE GRAND CANYON

Fish otolith and water chemistry were assessed in the Grand Canyon reach of the Colorado River and its tributaries. Aqueous strontium and selenium (in ratio to calcium) and carbon stable isotopic ratios were identified as markers with excellent potential to track the provenance and movements of the endangered humpback chub Gila cypha. Although otolith δ¹³C and Sr/Ca varied proportionately to water chemistry and provided a framework for detailed study of humpback chub movements, otolith Se/Ca showed ambiguous tracking of known water chemistries. As an application, we document the natal source and movement dynamics of n = 10 humpback chub and compare these findings from otolith microchemistry with the current paradigm of humpback chub spawning ecology. We found that seven of ten fish follow the current early life history paradigm and were spawned in the Little Colorado River and subsequently emigrated to the main stem Colorado River as juveniles. However, the otolith markers of three fish suggest an alternative early life trajectory with unknown provenance. Age and growth analyses demonstrate seasonally higher growth rates in the warmer Little Colorado River compared with the Colorado River. Combining natural markers with age and growth reconstructions provides a powerful tool for assessing the habitat use and success of humpback chub in the Grand Canyon. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

试论中法建筑文化在世纪之交的碰撞——巴黎卢浮宫金字塔与北京国家大剧院的解读

以新世纪之交的历史时段作为背景,将中法建筑文化中的两个重要建筑—巴黎卢浮宫金字塔与北京国家大剧院作为对象,试图通过对于这两座地标性建筑的文化特点以及建筑师的文化背景和建筑观念的分析,解读建筑创作的构思方法和表达意象的途径,讨论建筑对于社会产生的共鸣效应、文化认同作用以及建筑师的社会责任.     

水电开发对旅游的影响及其对策--以华光潭水电站和浙西大峡谷为例

浙西大峡谷风景区内已建有不少小水电站，又将建一中型水电站，大峡谷景区中的昌化溪将几近断流，通过以此为案例，探讨了山区河流引水式水电开发对旅游的影响以及保护旅游水资源的相应对策。     

Power grand composite curves shaping for adaptive energy management of hybrid microgrids

This work proposes a systematic approach for the adaptive identification and implementation of efficient power management strategies (PMS) in the course of operation of hybrid renewable energy microgrids. The approach is based on the temporal evolution of the system power grand composite curve (PGCC), which is adaptively shaped on-line and within short-term time intervals to form a sequence of decisions indicating the instant and duration of activation of different subsystems. It builds on from previous work where the potential for system performance enhancement could not be exploited through pre-specified PMS identified off-line. More specifically, it involves a stored energy targeting step that exploits the PGCC to identify the desired operational profile of an accumulator during a prediction horizon in order to satisfy the system operating goals. The identified energy targets are subsequently enforced through a sequence of control actions that enable the exact matching of the PGCC hence resulting in a new PMS. The method is elaborated graphically for multiple potential operating goals and is supported by a formal mathematical model that captures system structural and temporal characteristics. It is implemented on an actual hybrid microgrid considering multiple RES-based energy generation and storage options for expected and unexpected weather conditions.     

Evaluation of the genetic algorithm performance for the optimization of the grand potential in the cluster variation method

Due to the importance of phase diagrams in a wide range of material based industries, additional efforts should be dedicated to their elaboration techniques. The cluster variation method is a promising technique to model the entropy within different plane lattices and is recognized by the materials physics community as a powerful modeling framework. Motivated by the efficiency of genetic algorithms in solving numerous types of optimization problems, our aim in this work is to investigate their performance in minimizing the grand potential in the context of the cluster variation method. A comparison is conducted with respect to numerical iterative techniques namely the Newton-Raphson and natural iteration methods, where many performance criteria are computed and compared. The obtained results allow the ranking of the considered approaches according to their performance measures and suggest a more profound investigation of metaheuristics particularly for complicated cluster structures in the future.