高内相乳液模板法合成有机硅聚苯乙烯多孔材料及应用

以四乙烯基四甲基环四硅氧烷、苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯为连续相,采用高内相乳液模板法制备了有机硅聚苯乙烯多孔吸附材料。用FT-IR、SEM、UV-VIS对材料进行表征,研究了其表面形态及其对有机染料罗丹明B水溶液的脱色效果。结果表明:多孔材料为互通大孔材料,材料中存在两级孔结构",泡孔"与"毛孔",泡孔尺寸约10μm,毛孔尺寸约2μm。当吸附时间为20h时,对罗丹明B水溶液脱色效果最佳,且脱色效果随多孔材料投入量、罗丹明B初始浓度的增大而增大。     

高内相比乳液的研究与应用进展

介绍了高内相比乳液(HIPEs)的研究概况,总结了HIPEs在聚合物多孔材料制备方面的研究与应用进展,展望了HIPEs作模板制备多孔材料的应用前景。     

模板法合成有机硅聚苯乙烯多孔材料及应用

以苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯、四乙烯基四甲基环四硅氧烷为原料,通过高内相乳液模板法合成含双键的有机硅聚苯乙烯多孔材料。以FT-IR、SEM、UV-Vis进行表征,研究了有机硅含量、交联剂含量、反应温度对材料孔结构的影响,并考察了不同孔结构对有机染料罗丹明B(RB)吸附的影响。结果表明,通过改变有机硅或交联剂含量可对孔径和孔强度进行有效调节,当有机硅质量分数30%或交联剂质量分数60%时,孔径可减小50%;通过控制反应温度可改变孔互穿程度及孔径分布;RB吸附实验表明,多孔材料对有机染料具有较明显的吸附效果,且孔结构对染料的吸附存在较大影响。     

Reactive Surfactants for Achieving Open-Cell PolyHIPE Foams from Pickering Emulsions

PolyHIPEs, highly porous polymers synthesized within high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), emulsions with over 74% internal phase, are of interest for applications such as absorbents, reaction supports, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Typically, the surfactant contents for HIPE stabilization are relatively high, ranging from 20 to 30 wt% of the external phase, with the monomers usually being the remainder. One drawback of using surfactants for these applications is the potential for leachables, necessitating intensive purification processes for their removal. Pickering HIPEs, HIPEs stabilized using amphiphilic solid nanoparticles that spontaneously migrate to the oil–water interface, can be used as an alternative HIPE stabilization strategy. Although nanoparticles can add surface functionality advantageous for the application, polyHIPEs from Pickering HIPEs often lack the interconnecting holes needed for the high permeability required for such applications. This work describes a successful approach for designing an HIPE stabilization system that is based on a combination of nanoparticles and reactive surfactants and that generates the desired surface functionality, an interconnected porous structure, and a low leachable content. Such an approach can extend the applicative utility of such polyHIPEs by circumventing the need for extensive purification.     

Preparation of porous polymer materials using water‐in‐oil gel emulsions as templates

Water‐in‐oil gel emulsions consisting of water and n‐butyl acrylate were successfully prepared using N‐3‐hydroxybutylcarbonyl‐l ‐isoleucylaminooctadecane and sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) as gelator and surfactant, respectively. Stable gel emulsions were formed using aqueous phase fractions (APFs) ranging from 10 to 90 vol%. Creaming, flocculation and coalescence were not observed. Low‐temperature polymerization of the gel emulsions with a redox initiator gave the corresponding low‐density, highly porous poly(n‐butyl acrylate)s (PBAs). The microstructures of the PBAs were observed using scanning electron microscopy. All the porous PBAs comprised numerous spherical structures whose sizes could be controlled by adjusting the gel emulsion APF. The densities and porosities of the porous PBAs decreased and increased, respectively, with increasing APF. The absorption capacities of the porous PBAs in organic solvents were studied. The porous PBAs selectively absorbed kerosene from water instantly and the kerosene could then be recovered by physical compression of the PBAs. Further porous polymers were prepared from gel emulsions containing styrene, methyl methacrylate (MMA) or 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) as continuous oil phases. The order of absorption capacity and swelling ratio in kerosene was poly(EHA) > PBA ? poly(MMA). Porous copolymers were also prepared from gel emulsions containing a mixture of EHA and MMA as the oil phase. Their absorption and swelling in liquids could be controlled by changing the ratio of EHA and MMA in the gel emulsions. poly(EHA‐co‐MMA) (6:4) was the best polymer when absorption capacity, swelling ratio and durability were simultaneously considered. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

Recent advances on protein‐based Pickering high internal phase emulsions (Pickering HIPEs): Fabrication,characterization, and applications

Most trans fats in processed foods come from partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs). Numerous studies have shown that the excessive intake of trans fats may cause some adverse effects on human health. An effective alternative to PHOs is to construct Pickering high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to Pickering HIPEs stabilized by protein‐based particles because of their high stability and promising applications in the fields of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. This review summarizes the recent progress of Pickering HIPEs stabilized by protein‐based particles focusing on the methods for their preparation and characterization, and discusses the applications of Pickering HIPEs in the food industry. Promising research trends in this field are also proposed, including (a) developing protein‐based antioxidant Pickering HIPEs and Pickering nanoemulsions, and (b) expanding the potential applications of protein‐based Pickering HIPEs in the fields of delivery vehicles, the template for porous materials, and biodegradable packaging films. This review will provide a theoretical basis for future technological innovation and application development of protein‐based Pickering HIPEs.