Gas phase synthesis of MTBE on fluoride-modified zeolites

The gas phase synthesis of MTBE was studied using three series of zeolites modified by ion-exchange with ammonium fluoride, the parent materials being HY, H-mordenite, and HZSM-5. Modification of zeolites by fluoride-exchange was found to enhance the MTBE synthesis activity for all three types of zeolites without impairing their excellent selectivity to MTBE. The mechanism of activity enhancement by fluoride-modification appears to be related to the formation of extra-lattice Al rather than the presence of fluoride-ions.     

The ring transformations of 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (2,2′-bioxirane) catalysed by various aluminosilicates

The transformations of a molecule containing two adjacent epoxide rings, 2,2-bioxirane that is, were studied over various acidic aluminosilicates (HZSM-5, HY-FAU, AlMCM-41), for the first time, In the 373–473 K temperature range, in a pulse reactor, a ring-opening–ring-enlargment reaction producing furan only occured over the zeolites and it was the predominant reaction on AlMCM-41 as well. The driving force of this transformation route is water formation via elimination from 2,2-bioxirane. Suprising is the lack of the mono- or dialdehyde, the would-be products of the cleavage of the sterically more hindered C–O bonds – an acid-catalysed reaction typical for alkyl-substituted oxiranes.     

基于AT89S52单片机的电子万年历设计与实现

本设计以AT89S52单片机为核心,构成单片机控制电路,结合DS1302时钟芯片和24C02FLASH存储器,显示阳历年、月、日、星期、时、分、秒和阴历年、月、日,在显示阴历时间时,能标明是否闰月,同时完成对它们的自动调整和掉电保护,全部信息用液晶显示。人机接口由三个按键来实现,用这三个按键对时间、日期可调,并可对闹铃开关进行设置。软件控制程序实现所有的功能。整机电路使用+5V稳压电源,可稳定工作。     

HY型分子筛催化合成2,6-二甲基萘

考察了HY沸石催化2-甲基萘(2-MN)与均四甲苯(TeMB)转移甲基化合成2,6-二甲基萘(2,6-DMN)的反应条件,较适宜的反应条件是:n(2-MN):n(TeMB)=1,温度350℃,压力0.15MPa,空速4h-1.研究了负载改性的AlCl3-HY催化剂孔结构、表面酸性对2-MN与TeMB转移甲基化反应结果的影响.研究结果表明,AlCl3-HY催化剂比表面积和孔径减小,总酸量减少,LeW-is酸/Bronsted酸增加,用于催化2-MN与TeMB转移甲基化反应可以抑制三甲基萘的生成,提高2,6-DMN和β,β'-二甲基萘(β,β'-DMN)的选择性,其选择性分别达到18.5%和48.5%.     

Alkane cracking reactions in zeolites with coadsorbed metal halides

HY which is loaded with SbF₅, BCl₃, or BF₃ at low coverages, one metal halide molecule per Brønsted acid site, is shown to be active in the isomerization and cracking of n-hexane and n-butane at room temperature. In contrast, NaY with the same metal halide loading shows greatly reduced activity under identical reaction conditions. The cracking reaction was repeated with DY in place of HY, demonstrating deuterium incorporation into the hexane isomer and light alkane products through interaction with the Brønsted site. Flow reactor studies demonstrate that the conversion is not constant as a function of time on stream, going through an induction period, reaching a maximum, at around 400 s, and then decaying to ~1% after 1 h.     

甲基叔丁基醚与苯酚在改性HY分子筛催化剂上合成2,4-二叔丁基苯酚的研究

对改性HY分子筛催化剂研究表明,每种改性物均存在一个最佳含量．P2O5改性后HY催化剂的性能最优越。苯酚的转化率达99.60％,2,4-二叔丁基苯酚(2,4-DTBP)选择性达63.90％：这一结果是目前分子筛作催化剂合成(2,4-IDTBP)的最好结果,具有潜在的应用前景,采用常压连续流动固定床反应器,克服了釜式反应操作麻烦的缺点：使用HY分子筛催化剂,无污染、无腐蚀,为工业生产提供了艮好的环境、以MTBE做为烷基化试剂,使工业生产叔丁基苯酚可以因地制宜地扩大原料来源：MTBE价格低廉易得,运输方便,进而可以降低产品成本     

HY型分子筛催化蒽与1-十一烯烃的反应

以蒽和1-十一烯烃为原料,HY型分子筛作催化剂,在微型高压釜中反应得到蒽的烷基化产物,通过单因素实验,考察了反应温度、反应压力、反应时间、催化剂添加量、物料配比对蒽烷基化反应的影响。结果表明:在反应温度为180 ℃,反应压力为3.0 MPa,HY型分子筛质量分数为5%,蒽/1-十一烯烃（摩尔比）为0.77的优化条件下,蒽的转化率达到85.08%。气相色谱-质谱联用和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析结果表明,多种烷基化蒽的选择性为48.93%,蒽与1-十一烯烃的反应为多种反应同时进行的复杂烷基化反应。     

新型高合金二次硬化超高强度钢的发展

本文介绍了国外高Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ的超高强度钢ＨＹ１８０、ＡＦ１４１０和ＡｅｒＭｅｔ１００钢的进展，与其它超高强度钢相比，ＡｅｒＭｅｔ１００超高强度钢具有更突出的综合性能，高强度、高强度、高断裂韧性，优异的抗应力腐蚀开裂和抗疲劳性能，此钢具有广泛的应用前景。     

数据采集设备虚拟驱动程序的开发

文章说明了钢管超声波测厚系统中数据采集要求及解决办法,介绍了基于Windows98的虚拟驱动程序VxD及其开发工具VtoolsD,在此基础上提出了虚拟驱动程序HY6070.VxD的开发方案,并给出实例框架.该方法具有通用性和易用性,同样适用于编写其他硬件中断VxD.