火焰原子吸收光谱法测定四种中药中微量元素

利用火焰原子吸收分光光度法对四种常用中草药中锌、铁、铜、锰含量进行了测定。精密度在0．2％-2．3%之间，回收率在96．7％-104．7％之间，方法简单、快捷、灵敏度高、选择性好，结果满意。     

九头狮子草红色素基膜的制备及动态响应特征

目的 制备了一种九头狮子草红色素基膜,即九头狮子草红色素结合马蹄淀粉的新型比色指示膜。同时利用紫外–可见吸收光谱和灰度平均值探究其动态响应特征。方法 从植物九头狮子草中提取九头狮子草红色素(HPJH),采用共混法将HPJH、马蹄淀粉、丙三醇共混制备比色指示膜。结果 引入九头狮子草红色素后,可以改变马蹄淀粉膜的抗氧化性。适量的九头狮子草红色素促进膜结构的均匀性,当添加质量分数为8%的九头狮子草红色素时,成膜效果最好,DPPH自由基清除率达到88.70%,膜颜色稳定性实验结束时ΔE值为1.649 7。以灰度平均值直观呈现比色指示膜在不同湿度条件下对三乙胺的响应情况,更具有说服力。结论 从植物九头狮子草中提取的HPJH可提高马蹄淀粉膜的指示效果,比色指示膜具有较强的抗氧化性,并对三乙胺具有颜色变化的响应性,在猪肉、鱼肉和莴笋新鲜度监测中具有动态响应特征。     

An effective separation and purification of rutin and scoparone from Herba Artemisiae Scopariae by solid-phase extraction cartridges packed with an ionic liquid-based silica

Five types of ionic liquid-based silica were synthesized as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents for separation and purification of bioactive compounds, that is, rutin and scoparone extracted from Herba Artemisiae Scopariae. The SilprBImCl material with the highest adsorption capacity was selected as the sorbent for SPE packing. Ethyl acetate and water were found to be suitable washing and eluting solvents, respectively. SilprBImCl was then applied to multi-phase extraction, and its superiority as a sorbent over the commercial cartridge was proven with high rutin and scoparone recoveries of 90.5% and 83.9%, respectively. This highlights the potential of ionic liquid-based silica materials applied to SPE and MPE.     

益母草多糖微波提取及在卷烟中的应用

采用微波辅助法对益母草多糖的提取工艺进行考察,并对益母草多糖进行了卷烟加香试验。以干燥益母草原料粒度（目数）、料液比、微波功率、提取时间为考察因素,益母草多糖得率为指标,采用单因素和正交试验法对益母草多糖提取工艺进行优化。确定了微波辅助提取的最佳工艺参数为：粒度（目数）80目（粒径约0.178 mm）,料液比1∶50（g/mL）,微波功率700 W,提取时间16min。按此优化条件,益母草多糖得率可达到3.20%。加香应用结果表明,益母草多糖能赋予卷烟特殊香韵调,保润并柔和细腻烟气,提高烟气舒适性。     

河南荆芥挥发油的GC/MS分析

Herba Schizonepetae volatile oil were extracted by steam distillition method. Chemical constituents of volatile oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. were separated and 42 components were identified, which represented 86.13% of total area. The main components were trans-Citral, cis-Citral, p-propenyl-Anisole, fenchyl alcohol, cis-Geraniol, α-Farnesene, α-Caryophyllene,β-Eudesmol, Phytol, etc.     

Investigating acidic ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction of leonurine from Herba Leonuri

An ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) method based on the acidic ionic liquid (IL) of 1-methyl-3-H-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([HMIM][HSO₄]) has been successfully developed to extract leonurine from Herba Leonuri. The results indicate that the acidity of the IL has remarkable effect on the extraction efficiency. In addition, several parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, such as ultrasonic power and time, concentration of IL and solid-liquid ratio, were also optimized. Using the proposed approach, the extraction efficiency of leonurine from Herba Leonuri powder reached 0.136‰ within 30 min using only 20 mL of 1 mol·L^?1 [HMIM][HSO₄] aqueous solution.     

四个不同产地淫羊藿热裂解产物对比分析

采用裂解色谱法研究比较4个产地淫羊藿的裂解组分。结果表明:4个产地的淫羊藿裂解产物分别为云南6 8个、吉林4 8个、辽宁5 1个、四川5 6个,主要为酚类、酮类、醛类、烯烃、芳烃、萜类、杂环类化合物;主要裂解产物为苯酚(相对含量在5%～8%之间),其他为环戊烯酮类、苯酚衍生物、2,3-二氢-苯并呋喃等;不同地域的同种药材其裂解产物分布基本相同,但各组分的含量差异却很大;高效液相色谱法测定不同地域淫羊藿中淫羊藿甙含量表明:云南为5.49%、四川为12.85%、辽宁为1.95%、吉林为2.82%,差异比较大。     

低能量蕺菜汁天然饮料的研制

以蕺菜为主要原料研制出蕺菜饮料,对其生产工艺进行了研究.先用0.2%的食盐水浸泡减弱蕺菜腥味,然后通过正交试验确定出该饮料最佳配方为澄清的蕺菜汁30%、薄荷汁10%、甜味剂0.02%、柠檬酸0.10%.试验中尝试用甜蜜素组合蔗糖作为甜味剂,研制出色泽清亮、香气宜人、清凉可口的低能量天然饮料.     

Simultaneous detection of flavonoids and phenolic acids in Herba Lysimachiae and Herba Desmodii Styracifolii using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of 15 flavonoids and 3 phenolic acids in Herba Lysimachiae and Herba Desmodii Styracifolii. Separation was performed using a Diamonsil C₁₈ column, which was eluted with methanol (A) and 0.1‰ acetic acid (B). The gradient condition was as follows: 0–34 min, 20–34% A; 34–38 min, 34–95% A; maintained 95% A for the next 4 min. Analytes were detected using a hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer that was equipped with an electrospray ionisation source in the negative ion and multiple-reaction monitoring modes. A full validation of the method was performed, including the linearity, precision, and accuracy, as well as limits of detection and quantification. The results indicated that the developed method was simple, sensitive and reliable. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied to differentiate 16 batches of Herba Lysimachiae and 21 batches of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii.     

球磨联合碱辅助酶法改善淡竹叶水溶性膳食纤维的物化和功能特性

以淡竹叶为原料，采用酶法、球磨辅助酶法、碱辅助酶法和球磨联合碱辅助酶法4 种方法提取水溶性膳食纤维（soluble dietary fiber，SDF）。测定SDF得率以及通过高效液相色谱仪、纳米激光粒度仪、流变仪、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪对4 种SDF的性质进行表征，并对其持水力、持油力、抗氧化性进行比较分析。结果表明：所有SDF均有明显的多糖特征和纤维素结晶类型，但其单糖组成和微观结构不同。球磨联合碱辅助酶法得到的SDF表现出最高的提取率（（30.03±1.03）%）和持水力（（4.86±0.1）g/g）、高黏度、最低的Zeta电位值（（－22.83±1.95）mV）；还具有疏松多孔的结构，较好的2,2’-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)阳离子自由基清除活性（（49.40±0.93）%），表明具有良好的束缚水、抗氧化、形成凝胶的能力。