Stabilisation of protein and oil in fish silage for use as a ruminant feed supplement

Fish silage was prepared from 96.5% offal obtained from Atlantic cod fillet processing and 3.5% (by wt) formic acid. The fish silage became an homogeneous liquid of low viscosity in 36–58 h at 20°C; however, the oil and protein components continued to be hydrolysed for several months. Addition of formaldehyde to fish silage (0.25 or 0.39% by wt) after liquefaction was complete, served to prevent continued protein hydrolysis and oxidative rancidity of the oil. It also decreased the development of ‘off-odours’, and the formation of total volatile bases. Fish silage was readily absorbed by hay at a ratio of 1.5 parts silage to 1.0 parts hay by weight; the product is referred to as ‘haylage’. Voluntary intake by wethers of ‘haylage’ prepared from de-oiled, formaldehyde-treated fish silage was better than for ‘haylage’ prepared from untreated fish silage. The crude protein content of ‘haylage’ rations was more than satisfactory for fattening lambs, although the energy content of ‘haylage’ rations may be a limiting factor. Retention of fish oil in the silage to increase the energy content of rations was unsuccessful because voluntary feed intake was depressed. The addition of formaldehyde to fish silage is advantageous when the product is to be fed to ruminant livestock since protein and lipid degradation in the feed, and also possibly in the rumen, are minimised and voluntary intake of ‘haylage’ by sheep is increased.     

Induction of Tertiary Phase Epileptiform Discharges after Postasphyxial Infusion of a Toll-Like Receptor 7 Agonist in Preterm Fetal Sheep

Background: Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are key immunomodulatory factors that can markedly ameliorate or exacerbate hypoxic–ischemic brain injury. We recently demonstrated that central infusion of the TLR7 agonist Gardiquimod (GDQ) following asphyxia was highly neuroprotective after 3 days but not 7 days of recovery. We hypothesize that this apparent transient neuroprotection is associated with modulation of seizure-genic processes and hemodynamic control. Methods: Fetuses received sham asphyxia or asphyxia induced by umbilical cord occlusion (20.9 ± 0.5 min) and were monitored continuously for 7 days. GDQ 3.34 mg or vehicle were infused intracerebroventricularly from 1 to 4 h after asphyxia. Results: GDQ infusion was associated with sustained moderate hypertension that resolved after 72 h recovery. Electrophysiologically, GDQ infusion was associated with reduced number and burden of postasphyxial seizures in the first 18 h of recovery (p < 0.05). Subsequently, GDQ was associated with induction of slow rhythmic epileptiform discharges (EDs) from 72 to 96 h of recovery (p < 0.05 vs asphyxia + vehicle). The total burden of EDs was associated with reduced numbers of neurons in the caudate nucleus (r² = 0.61, p < 0.05) and CA1/2 hippocampal region (r² = 0.66, p < 0.05). Conclusion: These data demonstrate that TLR7 activation by GDQ modulated blood pressure and suppressed seizures in the early phase of postasphyxial recovery, with subsequent prolonged induction of epileptiform activity. Speculatively, this may reflect delayed loss of early protection or contribute to differential neuronal survival in subcortical regions.     

羊胎盘营养液的制备及其在化妆品中的应用

以妊娠早期羊胎盘为原料,制备了一种新型的化妆品天然添加剂,它不仅含有丰富的氨基酸、多肽,而且含有多种促进、改善组织新陈代谢的酶类。用其配成的营养性膏霜,具有明显的护肤、润肤和营养皮肤的功能,可起到延缓皮肤衰老的作用。     

融合Hu矩与BoF-SURF支持向量机的手势识别

基于尺度不变特征变换的特征包（BoF-SIFT）支持向量机的分类方法具有较好的手势识别效果, 但是计算复杂度高、实时性较差。为此, 提出了融合Hu矩与基于快速鲁棒特征的特征包（BoF-SURF）支持向量机（SVM）的手势识别方法。特征包模型中用快速鲁棒性特征（SURF）算法替换尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）算法提取特征, 提高了实时性, 并引入Hu矩描述手势全局特征, 进一步提高识别率。实验结果表明, 算法无论是实时性还是识别率都要高于BoF-SIFT支持向量机方法。     

湖南电信移动业务发展市场定位探讨

在原主营业务固网经营形势十分不利的情况下,湖南电信公司在重组后成为全业务运营商,迎来历史性的发展机遇。采取何种市场定位扩展湖南电信移动业务运营的良好局面,以期在激烈竞争的移动通信市场求得生存和发展,是湖南电信迫切需要解决的问题。文章在分析湖南省移动通信行业发展现状的基础上,明确了湖南电信在移动通信市场竞争中的优劣势,对湖南电信发展移动业务进行市场细分,提出了明确的市场定位。     

浅析湖南电信渠道建设策略

渠道是产品、服务与客户联系的重要纽带,客户特征和产品属性决定了不同渠道在服务和销售职能上的差异化特性,即一种渠道无法满足所有客户的服务需求,也无法承载所有产品的销售。为进一步提升渠道面向客户的营销效率和服务质量,湖南电信的渠道建设应采取何种发展策略,使之适应全业务运营的需求,已成为一个急需研究和解决的课题。     

以“胡焕庸线”为界的中国东西部净初级生产力变化分析

推动区域均衡协调与可持续发展是我国的重大战略之一,植被净初级生产力（NPP）对生态环境是否可持续发展起着重要作用。以“胡焕庸线”为界把我国分为东、西部,从像元尺度和县级行政单元研究分析我国NPP、人口以及人均NPP时空变化,尤其是东、西部的区域差异。结果表明：我国人口增长较快,从1982年的10.05亿增长到2017年的13.95亿,以“胡焕庸线”为界的西部占比由5.91%增长到6.42%;我国NPP整体呈现增长的趋势,总量由1982年的2.69 Pg C增长到2015年的3.24 Pg C,增长率为16.60 Tg C/a,其中东部增长率12.30 Tg C/a是西部（4.30 Tg C/a）的近3倍;西部人均NPP远大于东部与全国,1982、2000、2010、2017年西部与全国人均NPP持续处于下降的状态,但下降速率略有放缓,东部人均NPP则在2017年首次出现增长。据此可知我国整体生态环境处于恢复的状态,但不同区域之间差异较大,因此在相关政策制定方面应该充分考虑区域差异性,以实现我国生态环境的区域协调发展。     

基于动作轮廓特征的人体动作识别

提出了一种人工挑选关键帧的人体动作识别方法.先从标准视频中提取出能代表姿势的关键动作,然后对待测视频中每一帧图像中人体动作和关键动作比较分类来确定动作时间的相关度和相似度.实验结果表明人工挑选关键帧具有数量少和动作代表性强的特性,基于动作轮廓特征的人体动作识别方法在识别速度上比传统的方法快,识别率也较高.     

A Hu moment invariant as a shape circularity measure

In this paper we propose a new circularity measure which defines the degree to which a shape differs from a perfect circle. The new measure is easy to compute and, being area based, is robust—e.g., with respect to noise or narrow intrusions. Also, it satisfies the following desirable properties:

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it ranges over (0,1] and gives the measured circularity equal to 1 if and only if the measured shape is a circle;

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it is invariant with respect to translations, rotations and scaling.

Compared with the most standard circularity measure, which considers the relation between the shape area and the shape perimeter, the new measure performs better in the case of shapes with boundary defects (which lead to a large increase in perimeter) and in the case of compound shapes. In contrast to the standard circularity measure, the new measure depends on the mutual position of the components inside a compound shape.Also, the new measure performs consistently in the case of shapes with very small (i.e., close to zero) measured circularity. It turns out that such a property enables the new measure to measure the linearity of shapes.In addition, we propose a generalisation of the new measure so that shape circularity can be computed while controlling the impact of the relative position of points inside the shape. An additional advantage of the generalised measure is that it can be used for detecting small irregularities in nearly circular shapes damaged by noise or during an extraction process in a particular image processing task.     

磺胺二甲嘧啶的东北细毛关体内的代谢动力学研究

选用紫外分光光度计法,研究了静脉推注磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)后,在成年东北细毛羊体内的药物代谢动力学过程.主要药物代谢动力学参数初始血药浓度(A)为(17.6359±2.57)mg@L-1,分布半衰期(t1/2α)为(0.3006±0.04)h,消除半衰期(t1/2β)为(4.6635±1.53)h,消除速率常数(β)为(0.1486±0.051)h-1,总清除率(CLB)为(0.6677±2.86)100mL@kg-1@h-1,中央室消除速率常数(Ke1)为(0.2763±0.035)h-1,总表观分布容积(Vd)为(4.4933±0.37)100mL@kg-1,有效抑菌浓度维持时间(Tcp)为8.56h,药一时曲线下面积(AUC)为(149.7732±19.45)mg@L-1.h-1.为此,确认磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)对东北细毛羊为短效药物.