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排序方式: 共有117条查询结果,搜索用时 13 毫秒
1.
Interfacial hybridization kinetics of oligonucleotides immobilized onto fused silica surfaces 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jiang Zeng Amer Almadidy James Watterson Ulrich J. Krull 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2003,90(1-3):68-75
Fused silica optical fibers have been used in an intrinsic mode optical configuration as biosensors for fluorescence based detection of hybridization of nucleic acids. In this work, the kinetics of hybridization of single-stranded oligonucleotides that were covalently immobilized were studied. The probe DNA was dT20, and the target was Fluorescein-labeled non-complementary (dT20) or complementary (dA20) oligonucleotide. Chronofluorimetric monitoring of the adsorption and hybridization processes was used to investigate oligonucleotide films of different density, in different salt concentrations, at temperatures of 25 and 40 °C, with the concentration of the target DNA being 0.005–0.1 μM. Mathematical models based on first- and second-order Langmuir adsorption have been examined to describe both the adsorption and the hybridization processes. Experimental data were processed using the models, and the hybridization kinetics were calculated. Hybridization kinetics on these optical fiber DNA sensors was found to be up to three orders faster than results presented for a number of other experiments using different immobilization chemistries. 相似文献
2.
In Gulf countries, most power plants are co-generation power desalting plants (CPDP) that generate electric energy and also produce fresh water through the desalination of seawater. This paper provides detailed technical and economical analyses to evaluate a new generation of dual purpose technology that includes the integration of reverse osmosis (RO) processes with existing thermal desalination processes and power generation (triple hybrid system) at Layyah plant, Sharjah, UAE. Hybridization of sweater reverse osmosis (SWRO) and the multi-stage flash (MSF) technology was considered to improve the performance of latter and reduce the cost of the produced water. Moreover, “idle” power in winter (seasonal surplus of unused power) was mainly utilized by RO to further reduce the cost of the hybrid system for six months of the year. Spinning reserve was also used to further reduce the cost of the proposed hybrid system. Integration ofthe three processes of MSF, MED, and RO desalination technologies could be made at different levels through which the resulting of water cost will depend on the selected configuration and the cost of materials of construction, equipment, membrane, energy, etc. Thus, the capital and annual operating costs were calculated for all potential alternatives for various plant capacities. It was found that for all plant capacities, integrated hybrid systems resulted in most cost effective solution. For example, at a capacity of 50 MIGD, the present worth of the cost was calculated to be 588.7, 443.2, and 380 million US$ for MSF, MED, and hybrid RO systems, respectively. 相似文献
3.
Memetic (evolutionary) algorithms integrate local search into the search process of evolutionary algorithms. As computational resources have to be spread adequately among local and evolutionary search, one has to care about when to apply local search and how much computational effort to devote to local search. Often local search is called with a fixed frequency and run for a fixed number of iterations, the local search depth. There is empirical evidence that these parameters have a significant impact on performance, but a theoretical understanding as well as concrete design guidelines are missing. 相似文献
4.
Brandon J. Hathaway Jane H. Davidson 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(29):15257-15267
High efficiency solar steam gasification of biomass is carried out in a prototype molten salt reactor for solar-only and solar-autothermal hybrid operation. Previous demonstration of the prototype 3-kW solar gasifier for steam gasification of cellulose at stoichiometric conditions demonstrated thermal efficiency of 44% during continuous operation at 1200 K. The present work expands the range of operating conditions to consider two challenges. Hybridization between solar and autothermal modes of operation is accomplished by adding oxygen directly to the reactor. Control of the H2:CO ratio of the product gas is accomplished through in-situ steam shifting. Hybridization stabilized temperatures for variations in radiative input as large as a 30% reduction in power, corresponding to conditions where both sensible and chemical heat demands for the process were fully met by exothermic heat release with no significant challenges. Peak efficiencies and carbon conversion values observed are 45% and 99.5% respectively. The resulting product gas stream composition was shifted from a hydrogen and carbon monoxide ratio of 1:1 with stoichiometric steam delivery to a ratio of 1.7:1 with steam at nine times the stoichiometric amount, only slightly lower than equilibrium predictions. The results demonstrate very favorable attributes for the molten salt reactor in a continuous fuel production process. 相似文献
5.
Neng-Hui Zhang Jian-Zhong Chen Shu-Xiao Wan 《International Journal of Thermophysics》2009,30(2):648-660
The influence of the hybridization exothermic effect on nanomechanical deflections of DNA chips in label-free biodetections
is investigated. First, from the related experimental curves, the thermal variation of the biolayer during the linkage of
DNA base pairs is estimated by Breslauer’s method and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Second, the temperature field of the
chip is obtained by the lumped parameter model and the classical Fourier’s method. Third, the nanomechanical deflection of
the chip is predicted by an alternative model for thermoelastic problems of laminated cantilever beams. The effect of a DNA
base sequence on thermal deflection of chips is also investigated. In the case of adiabatic conditions, numerical results
show that the theoretical predicted value of 1.5 nm to 2 nm deflection is within the scope of the optical-beam-deflection
readout system’s accuracy. 相似文献
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7.
Clodoaldo A.M. Lima André L.V. Coelho Fernando J. Von Zuben 《Information Sciences》2007,177(10):2049-2074
Mixture of experts (ME) models comprise a family of modular neural network architectures aiming at distilling complex problems into simple subtasks. This is done by deploying a separate gating module for softly dividing the input space into overlapping regions to be each assigned to one or more expert networks. Conversely, support vector machines (SVMs) refer to kernel-based methods, neural-network-alike models that constitute an approximate implementation of the structural risk minimization principle. Such learning machines follow the simple, but powerful idea of nonlinearly mapping input data into high-dimensional feature spaces wherein a linear decision surface discriminating different regions is properly designed. In this work, we formally characterize and empirically evaluate a novel approach, named as Mixture of Support Vector Machine Experts (MSVME), whose main purpose is to combine the complementary properties of both SVM and ME models. In the formal characterization, an algorithm based on a maximum likelihood criterion is considered for the MSVME training, and we demonstrate that it is possible to train each expert based on an SVM perspective. Regarding the empirical evaluation, simulation results involving nonlinear dynamic system identification problems are reported, contrasting the performance shown by the MSVME approach with that exhibited by conventional SVM and ME models. 相似文献
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10.
目的优化以纤维素酯膜作为基底材料进行生物芯片杂交的条件。方法分别用不同厂家、不同孔径的基底膜进行杂交,筛选最佳基底膜;以不同长度探针片段、不同核酸标记方式进行杂交,筛选最佳探针长度和靶基因标记方法;分别在30、40和50℃杂交0.5、1.0和1.5h,比较芯片杂交效果。结果美国Millipore公司的0.45μm混合纤维素酯膜为最佳基底膜;Biotin-16-dUTP探针标记方法和在40℃杂交1.0h为最佳杂交条件。结论优化了以纤维素酯膜作为基底材料进行生物芯片杂交的条件。 相似文献