高速转镜相机中倾斜光束的成象

本文通过建立几何模型 ,讨论了高速转镜相机光束倾斜入口的成象原理。证实了倾斜光束入口在转镜旋转时成象点的扫描轨迹是在以入射点为顶点 ,以成象点和入射点的连线为母线扫出的正圆锥底面的平面内 ,从而把空间光学的复杂设计问题简化成平面上的设计。此原理已用于 PDF- 2 0 0型平面转镜等待式分幅相机的设计     

Visual recognition efficiency of handheld infrared thermometer interface information under low ambient illuminance

One of the symptoms of plagues, epidemics or pandemics is often a fever, so during such unprecedented times, handheld infrared thermometers are vital devices for monitoring symptomatic individuals. It is therefore very important to enhance reading efficiency when these thermometers are used for lengthy periods of time in a low illuminance environment. The need for the efficient reading of infrared thermometers or a fast reaction time when reading the information is even more relevant now during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, a target search experiment of digital characters is carried out through a simulated interface and use scenarios of a handheld thermometer based on three variables: the inclination angle or slant of the seven segment display characters, screen brightness, and ambient illuminance. The experimental results show that the inclination angle or slant of the characters and ambient illuminance have a significant effect on the reaction speed. In general, the slowest reaction time is found when reading characters with a slant of 10° to the left and the reaction time is the fastest with a right slant of 20°. A continued reduction in ambient illuminance does not affect the visual recognition performance but instead further enhances reading efficiency. Increasing the screen brightness increases the reaction time more in relatively low ambient illuminance conditions as opposed to relatively high ambient illuminance, which implies that in higher ambient illuminance conditions, a brighter screen needs to be used to obtain the same reaction speed as that in lower ambient illuminance conditions.     

The effects of wind-induced inclination on the dynamics of semi-submersible floating wind turbines in the time domain

This study focusses on the coupling effects arising from the changes in the hydrodynamic behaviour of a semi-submersible floating wind turbine when it undergoes large inclinations under wind loading. By means of a range of time-domain simulations, it is shown that both the hull geometric nonlinearity effect and the alteration of viscous hydrodynamic forces can significantly affect the dynamics of a typical floating wind turbine operating in waves at rated conditions. The consequences of said effects for both aligned and misaligned wind and waves are explored. In general terms inclinations are found to increase motions, where the modes that are more affected depend on the relative direction between incident wind and waves. Understanding the sources of aero-hydrodynamic coupling is key to providing sound design and modelling guidelines for the coming generation of floating wind turbines.     

Film-wise and drop-wise condensation of steam on short inclined plates

Film-wise and drop-wise condensation experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure varying the condensing plates, their inclinations and orientations (upward or downward facing), and the air concentrations. As expected, dropwise condensation showed much higher heat transfer rates than corresponding film-wise condensation in the pure steam cases. However, with the presence of air, both modes of condensation showed similar heat transfer rates due to the high thermal resistance of the air-rich layer. Both modes of condensation showed systematic decreases in heat transfer as the angle of the plate to the horizontal decreased and as the concentration of air increased. A noteworthy observation made during the tests on the plate orientation showed that condensation heat transfer rates on the upward facing plate were slightly higher than those beneath the downward facing plate in the pure steam cases but that the trends were reversed in the steam and air mixture cases.     

住宅室内设计中的灵魂——色彩

将色彩融入生活空间,让这些时尚前沿的色彩符号走入生活,在室内设计中的整套策划中,贯穿主线的是室内整体色彩计划,可谓之室内设计的灵魂所在。流行色彩对于平常生活已不是什么陌生的东西了,它正一步一步颠覆人们以前对色彩运用场合的忌讳,迅速融入我们的生活。     

Thermal module design and analysis of a 230 W LED illumination lamp under three incline angles

This study investigates on the thermal performance of the 230 W LED projection lamp cooling module in the natural convection and modifies fin parameters including fin spacing, height and thickness and LED base plates materials to achieve optimal heat dissipation and performance through experimental and simulation analysis. Results show that the best values of cooling module are 1.1 mm aluminum fin thickness, 7.5 mm pitch, and 31 mm height and can effectively reduce the LED junction temperature under 75 °C at 90° incline angle. The impact of the incline angle of the LED vapor chamber-based plate to the thermal performance of the present cooling module should be assessed before such a structure of vapor chamber cooling system is used to cool high power LED system. And the experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical results, whose calculating error is not more than ±10%. A novel comparative process of 230 W LED projection light is developed.     

烧结开孔金属泡沫壁的辐射和自然对流耦合换热试验研究

开展烧结开孔金属泡沫壁在大空间条件下的辐射和自然对流耦合换热试验研究,研究壁面倾角、瑞利数Ra*、泡沫厚度对换热性能的影响。试验所得竖直光铜板的结果与文献结果符合一致,验证了试验方案的有效性。试验结果表明:在一定的加热功率下,随着倾角的增加,纯自然对流努塞尔数和复合努塞尔数先增加后减小,在倾角为60o～80o达到极大值,且辐射换热量占总换热量的33%～44%;竖直放置时,烧结泡沫壁的辐射换热量占总换热量的比值小于光壁,且该值随泡沫厚度增加而增加。与光壁相比,烧结泡沫竖壁复合换热的平均努塞尔数和纯自然对流换热的平均努塞尔数分别提高了1.52～1.98倍和1.16～1.66倍。通过对红外相机拍摄的泡沫表面温度分布进行分析验证了基于泡沫表面平均温度的辐射换热量计算模型的有效性。     

Effect of solar chimney inclination angle on space flow pattern and ventilation rate

The solar chimney is a simple and practical idea that is applied to enhance space natural ventilation. The chimney could be vertical or inclined. The chimney inclination angle is an important parameter that greatly affects space flow pattern and ventilation rate.In the present study, the effect of chimney inclination angle on air change per hour and indoor flow pattern was numerically and analytically investigated. A numerical simulation using Ansys, a FEM-based code, was used to predict flow pattern. Then the results were compared with published experimental measurements. A FORTRAN program was developed to iteratively solve the mathematical model that was obtained through an overall energy balance on the solar chimney.The analytical results showed that an optimum air flow rate value was achieved when the chimney inclination is between 45° and 70° for latitude of 28.4°. The numerically predicted flow pattern inside the space supports this finding. Moreover, in the present study a correlation to predict the air change per hour was developed. The correlation was tested within a solar intensity greater than or equal to 500 W/m², and chimney width from 0.1 m to 0.35 m for different inclination angles with acceptable values.     

工艺误差对盘式耦合谐振滤波器的影响

MEMS谐振器采用阵列耦合设计可以降低运动电阻、提高功率处理能力等,但是阵列耦合谐振器的性能对于耦合梁结构特性非常敏感,据此分析工艺误差造成的耦合梁形状变化对圆盘阵列耦合谐振器滤波性能的影响.对耦合梁不同程度倾斜下的谐振滤波器结构和性能参数进行理论分析,并采用有限元仿真软件ANSYS进行模拟仿真.结果表明当耦合梁分别发生0.1°、0.2°、0.5°倾斜时,滤波器中心频率分别下偏10×10-6、24×10-6、51×10-6.当倾斜角达到0.5°时,分数带宽偏差将达到5.6%.提出了一种半高耦合梁的圆盘阵列谐振滤波器,其滤波器性能稳定性要4×优于常规型圆盘耦合谐振滤波器.     

基于惯性传感器的电力线路杆塔倾斜监测装置设计

针对电力线路杆塔倾斜角实时测量的需要,设计了一种基于惯性传感器的倾斜角度实时监测装置。装置硬件上由惯性传感器、单片机、通信电路和电源变换控制电路组成。软件上采用中断模式和尽量减少工作模块和通信次数相结合的工作策略以降低系统功耗,将6轴惯性传感器的加速度和角速度原始数据进行去极值平均滤波预处理,再经由互补滤波算法进行倾斜角度的综合计算,经实测倾斜角测量相对精度能达到1.30%。该装置在测量精度、功耗、成本和易用性上均能较好地满足电力线路杆塔倾斜在线监测的需求,具有一定的推广应用价值。