海明滴定法快速测定废水中的LAS含量

介绍了一种测定废水中LAS浓度的新方法。克服了常规方法亚甲基蓝比色法要绘制标准曲线，操作过程复杂等局限性。该方法测定过程简单，结果准确，标准偏差为1．4l，变异系数为3．92％。     

高含量ZnO对Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃晶化和性能的影响

采用差热分析、X-射线衍射分析和扫描电镜等分析手段研究了高含量ZnO对Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃晶化和性能的影响.结果表明随着ZnO由9wt%增加到11wt%,该系统玻璃转变温度降低,晶化峰值温度降低,最佳成核温度从755±2℃降至745±2℃.通过计算,样品的晶化活化能E和晶化指数n分别为303±3(kJ/mol)、286±3(kJ/mol)、278±3(kJ/mol)和2.9±0.2、3.1±0.2、3.4±0.2.说明了ZnO在能降低玻璃熔融温度的同时能促进玻璃晶化,但ZnO含量达到11wt%时,其热膨胀系数发生突变.     

Monitoring the linear alkylbenzene sulfonation process using high-temperature gas chromatography

Controlling the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) sulfonation process is a critical part of the LAS manufacturing process; this process can be monitored by assaying for LAS content, unsulfonated linear alkylbenzene (LAB), and LAB sulfones. Traditionally, assaying the LAB and LAB sulfone contents has been time consuming and not straightforward. A simple and rapid procedure is described for the isolation and simultaneous capillary gas chromatographic (GC) quantification of LAB and LAB sulfones in LAS. The procedure involves extraction of the unsulfonated LAB and the LAB sulfones into n-heptane; sodium linear alkylbenzenesulfonate or linear alkylbenzenesulfonic acid (reacted to form sodium linear alkylbenzenesulfonate) remains in the aqueous extraction solvent layer. High-temperature capillary GC using a specialty metal capillary column enables both LAB and high molecular weight LAB sulfones to be quantified.     

N-十六烷基乙二胺二乙酸钠的合成及性能研究

采用大量无水乙二胺与1－Br－十六烷反应合成N－十六烷基乙二胺，然后与过量氯乙酸作用制备N－十六烷基乙二胺二乙酸，用NaOH中和，即得N－十六烷基乙二胺二乙酸钠。该产物在硬水中的差示稳定性为333，优于LAS。在相同测试条件下，产物的去污力高于LAS，发泡力明显低于LAS。     

使用Conformer增强的混合CTC/Attention端到端中文语音识别

最近,基于自注意力的Transformer结构在不同领域的一系列任务上表现出非常好的性能。探索了基于Transformer编码器和LAS（listen,attend and spell）解码器的Transformer-LAS语音识别模型的效果,并针对Transformer不善于捕捉局部信息的问题,使用Conformer代替Transformer,提出Conformer-LAS模型。由于Attention过于灵活的对齐方式,使得在嘈杂环境中的效果急剧下降,采用连接时序分类（connectionist temporal classification,CTC）辅助训练以加快收敛,并加入音素级别的中间CTC损失联合优化,提出了效果更好的Conformer-LAS-CTC语音识别模型。在开源中文普通话Aishell-1数据集上对提出来的模型进行验证,实验结果表明,Conformer-LAS-CTC相对于采用的基线BLSTM-LAS和Transformer-LAS模型在测试集上的字错率分别相对降低了22.58%和48.76%,模型最终字错误率为4.54%。     

新型UBAF处理合成洗涤剂废水中难降解LAS的效能研究

通过在清水区悬挂生物绳软填料的上向流曝气生物滤池处理合成洗涤剂废水的试验,研究了水力负荷、气水比、污染负荷、滤层高度及溶解氧等对LAS处理效能的影响。结果表明:水力负荷、气水比及滤层厚度是新型UBAF处理效能的主要影响因素,进水污染负荷对LAS处理效能的影响不显著。废水LAS浓度与流经的滤层厚度存在很好的指数关系:Ch=C0ekh。新型UBAF的挂膜性能好,启动速度快,对COD、LAS的处理效能有一定提高。在水力负荷1.1 m3/(m2.h),气水比3∶1～4∶1的运行条件下,对典型合成洗涤剂废水中的LAS去除率达80%以上,处理水的LAS指标达到排放标准。     

Study of the Effects of LAS and Zein Concentrations on Protein Solubilization

The effects of both linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and zein protein concentrations on protein solubilization were investigated to better understand the influence of increasing concentration of the surfactant on protein denaturation and skin irritation. Different methods have been used for the determination of the amount of protein dissolved. A wide range of LAS concentrations and zein amounts were used. The results confirm that protein solubilization increases with LAS concentration increase and demonstrate that a minimum LAS/Zein ratio exists for all the zein to be dissolved.     

Co-enhancement of oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of Cf/LAS composites: The effects of h-BN addition

Carbon fiber reinforced lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramic composites have been extensively studied and widely used in industry applications, because of its good mechanical properties and low thermal expansion coefficient. However, further investigation is also need to improve its oxidation resistance and mechanical performance to meet higher requirements. In this work, C_f/LAS glass-ceramic composites were fabricated by a slurry impregnation and hot-pressing method with different amounts of h-BN. Results indicate that composites with 2 wt.% h-BN addition exhibit excellent flexural strength and fracture toughness, reaching 910 ± 22 MPa and 21 ± 1 MPa·m^1/2, respectively, and that after oxidation at 600, 800 and 1000 °C for 1 h, their strength residual ratio can reach 47%, 35% and 32%, respectively. TEM analyses suggest the improvement of oxidation resistance and mechanical properties should be attributed to the unique interface of composites caused by h-BN addition.     

不同浓度的LAS的多角度偏振反射光谱研究

本文以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)作为主要实验样品,利用偏振二向性反射光度计探究不同浓度的直链烷基苯磺酸盐(LAS)的偏振反射光谱特性与探测方位角、光线入射天顶角、探测天顶角、偏振角、波段间的关系,并与一种家用洗衣粉及蒸馏水的偏振反射光谱曲线作比较．结果表明,LAS溶液的浓度、观测时的几何条件和波段是影响LAS溶液偏振反射光谱特性的主要因子,而且不同LAS浓度间的偏振反射光谱特性会随着观测时的几何条件与波段的变化而出现明显差异,这为偏振遥感在环境上的应用奠定了实验基础．