埋地管道泄漏内封堵装置设计与研究

针对流体输送埋地管道泄漏问题,设计了一种利用管道机器人携带封堵气囊进行快速应急封堵修复的埋地管道泄漏内封堵装置。采用矩阵变换方法建立了牵引系统驱动轮过弯方程,利用MATLAB软件对过弯方程进行了验证,同时利用ADAMS软件仿真分析过弯路径与驱动轮转角对牵引系统行走速度的影响。研究结果表明:由两个串联封堵器组成的应急封堵系统可满足复杂工况下的管道泄漏封堵要求;牵引系统驱动轮在弯管内部行走时,单轮速度呈周期性变化,但三个驱动轮整体周期运动特性一致;驱动轮转角在25°~40°时,牵引系统行走速度与驱动轮转角成正比,且转角为30°时驱动效果最好。该内封堵装置的结构设计可为管道泄漏应急封堵领域装备的研发提供重要参考。     

野外大气扩散试验中四面体气球示踪实验的初步评价

1985年11月在瑞士北部进行了一次以探讨“冷池”条件下的扩散和湍流特征为目的的国际野外大气试验,本文介绍其中的四面体气球示踪实验的结果。一共进行了三次由雷达跟踪的四面体示踪实验,释放了10个四面体球。按多轨迹法和单轨迹法分别估算并比较了其中两次示踪实验得到的水平扩散参数σ_y,探讨了风摆效应的贡献。采用“体源模式”并结合单轨迹法估算了微弱风场不定风向条件下的扩散参数,分析了静风,弱风条件下的水平风向标准差和湍流强度。     

氧化铝厂渣浆泵机械密封的失效形式及改进措施

本文介绍了渣浆泵机械密封的失效形式,并根据长期现场工作经验,分析了机械密封泄漏的主要原因,据此提出了改进措施,通过对动静环密封面倒角,改变密封面尺寸及载荷系数后有效地解决了由于径向跳动过大而引起的密封面刮碰擦裂的失效问题。     

Pile Response Adjacent to Braced Excavation

The excavation of soil for the construction of basements or cut-and-cover tunnels results in ground movements. One particular concern is that the excavation-induced lateral soil movements may adversely affect any nearby pile foundation. The lateral loads imposed by the soil movements induce bending moments and deflections in the pile, which may lead to structural distress and failure. This paper presents the results of an actual full-scale instrumented study that was carried to examine the behavior of an existing pile due to nearby excavation activities resulting from the construction of a 16 m deep cut-and-cover tunnel. The pile was located 3 m behind a 0.8 m thick diaphragm wall. Excavation to the formation level that was 16 m below the ground surface resulted in a maximum lateral pile movement of 28 mm. A simplified numerical procedure based on the finite-element method was used to analyze the pile response. Generally, the theoretical predictions were in reasonable agreement with the measured results.     

Rotational Restraint of Pile Caps during Lateral Loading

A pure fixed-head (zero-rotation) condition at the top of a group of laterally loaded piles is seldom achievable in the field, even when piles are installed in a group that is “rigidly” constrained by a stiff concrete pile cap. Assuming complete fixity during design (zero rotation at the pile head) can result in underestimated values of pile-head deflection, and incorrect estimates of the magnitude and the location of maximum bending moments. A simple and practical approach is presented for estimating the moment restraint that is provided by the pile cap at the top of a pile group. The moment restraint, represented by the rotational restraint coefficient (KMθ), serves as a boundary condition for analyzing groups of laterally loaded piles. Full-scale field tests performed on two pile groups with concrete pile caps show that the proposed method for estimating rotational restraint provides results that are in good agreement with measured field performance.     

Limited reinforced space in segmental retaining walls

Current design of geosynthetic reinforced segmental retaining walls considers an a priori limitless length for reinforcement installation. Such length is typically 0.5–0.7 times the height of the wall. However, often there are constraints on such space; e.g., bedrock formation located at a small distance behind the facing. The objective of this note is to introduce a procedure for assessing the required long-term strength of the reinforcement while considering its limited length. Predictions by a conventional slope stability analysis were first checked against a continuum-mechanics based numerical analysis. Upon obtaining good agreement, a design chart was developed. The chart enables the determination of the reduction in the lateral earth pressure coefficient due to the constrained space. The revised earth pressure coefficient can be used with current analytical methods to account for the limited space. The results appear to be valid for conventional walls retaining a limited volume of soil. Comparison with limited experimental results for unreinforced backfill shows reasonably good agreement.     

视觉技术在YP19装封箱机中的设计与应用

介绍视觉技术在YP19装封箱机的装箱过程中的应用,简述视觉技术系统的基本组成、工作原理及软件设计。     

HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION AND STRUCTURE OF SCALE AND WHISKERS FOR Fe-Ni-Cr SEALING ALLOYS

The oxidation rate,the growth,morphology and structure of oxide scale and whiskers forFe-Ni-Cr sealing alloys in H_2-H_2O atmosphere at high temperatures have been studied.The growth rate of scale is controlled by diffusion.The scale is composed of Cr_2O_3 andspinel(Fe,Mn)O·Cr_2O_3 and the oxide whisker,are spinel(Fe,Mn)O·Cr_2O_3.     

灰口铸铁阀体密封面镍基堆焊技术

详细介绍了一种改善旋转止回阀密封面性能的镍基堆焊工艺。针对阀体密封面的结构，设计了特殊焊接工艺，精确地完成了堆焊过程，达到厂家设计要求。     

阳极氧化铝的表面参数对硅酮结构的装锒密封胶长期黏结性的影响(连载一)

硅酮密封胶对阳极氧化铝的黏结质量千差万别.影响黏结性的关键因素是铝材表面的封孔程度、氧化层的着色情况、清洁剂的特性以及基材表面清洁与打胶之间允许的时间间隔.由于清洁剂将有机污染物从阳极氧化铝表面去除的效果不同,所以此效果并不和黏结质量有必然联系.据猜测,吸附在阳极氧化铝表面的清洁溶剂会改善基材表面从而提高硅酮胶的黏结性,但这种改善效果会随着清洁溶剂随时间的的挥发而降低.对于给定的溶剂,最佳的黏结效果取决于材料表面的封孔程度.依照ISO 2143酸刻蚀方法测量材料表面的封孔程度,可以预测未着色的阳极氧化铝基材的黏结性.对于着色的阳极氧化铝表面,依照ISO 2931的测试标准,用电相位漂移方法可以用来预测黏结质量.一种控制阳极氧化铝表面的方法被提了出来,此方法是测量不同频率下基材的电阻抗并将它成功地和硅酮密封胶与该材料表面的长期黏接性联系起来.