Production and structural features of a water-soluble polysaccharide from a mutant strain of Agrobacterium sp.

We have developed a mutant strain derived from Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31750, which produces a water-soluble polysaccharide having potential utility to the food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. A high concentration of product (15 g/L) is obtained by 48 h cultivation of the mutant strain under optimized fermentation conditions. The water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from cultures of the mutant strain beta82 has Glc:Man:Gal in approximate molar ratios of 5.8:6.7:1.0. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide was determined to be approximately 1000 kDa by HPSEC analysis. Linkage analysis contained 3-Glcp, 3-Manp, terminal Glcp and terminal Manp, as well as a small proportion of 3- and 3,4-Galp, and 4,6-Manp residues. Based on analyses using FT-IR and ¹³C NMR spectrometers, most glycosidic bonds joining these sugar residues are of the α-type, and acetyl groups are apparently attached to the polymer chain at random.     

正交实验优选盐生藻多糖的提取工艺

以盐生藻为原料,盐生藻多糖得率为指标,运用稀酸、稀碱和蒸馏水为提取剂提取盐生藻多糖,得出合适的提取剂为稀酸.进一步的正交实验表明,盐生藻多糖的最适提取工艺为:提取75min,pH=4,固液比为1∶70,温度为95℃.     

Dietary fibre of coconuts from a pacific atoll: Soluble and insoluble components in relation to maturity

Polysaccharide fractions were measured in coconuts at three stages of maturity, which corresponded to dietary usage in the Tokelau Islands of the South Pacific. Kernel was sequentially extracted with cold water (CW), hot water (HW) hot 0.5% ammonium oxalate (HOX), 1M H² SO⁴ and 72% H² SO⁴, and the monosaccharide compositions of the fractions determined. Total readily soluble fractions (CW+HW+HOX) were predominantly galactomannan, and decreased from 77% of the polysaccharide in the immature kernel to 8.8% of that in the mature kernel. Insoluble mannan increased during maturation to be the major polysaccharide component in mature kernel. This indicates that marked differences exist between the three stages of maturity examined, in the properties of their dietary fibre. The results suggest that in studies of diets in which coconut is a staple part, there is a need for careful definition of the coconut component with respect to maturity. Furthermore, they show the importance of using dietary fibre methods which are appropriate to the solubility characteristics of the indigestible polysaccharide.     

银耳多糖超声波提取工艺优化及抗BV2细胞炎症的作用研究

以银耳为原料, 采用超声波辅助热水浸提法提取银耳多糖, 以多糖提取率为指标, 以超声波功率、提取料液比、提取温度和提取时间为影响因素, 设计单因素试验, 并通过正交试验得到较佳提取工艺。通过用TRPV1(Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid1)试剂盒检测了小胶质细胞TRPV1的释放水平, 与脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide, LPS)对照组相比, 不同质量浓度的银耳多糖组(62.5, 250, 1000 μg/mL)均能不同程度地抑制TRPV1的释放量。说明了银耳多糖对于BV2小胶质细胞炎症具有良好的抑制作用。     

多表位DNA壳聚糖微球疫苗的体液免疫应答

目的研究多表位DNA壳聚糖微球疫苗的体液免疫应答。方法制备多表位DNA壳聚糖微球疫苗pcD-NA3.1-HME-3C3d,经鼻腔免疫小鼠,蛋白检测微孔试剂盒检测小鼠特异性IgG抗体水平。结果经免疫的小鼠均能产生针对各表位的特异性IgG抗体,DNA壳聚糖微球疫苗的抗体水平明显高于DNA疫苗。结论壳聚糖微球疫苗投递系统可提高多表位DNA疫苗的免疫应答效果。     

甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗检定方法精确度的探讨

目的 提高甲肝减毒活疫苗检定方法的精确度。方法 比较不同刑量组与剂量组不同的试验数,以 及采用点斜法与Ｒｅｅｄ－Ｍｕｅｎｃｈ法计算ＴＣＩＤ５０。结果 通过比较４种不同的试验设计,发现随着稀释倍数减小或／和各 稀释度试验管数增加,ＴＣＩＤ５０的标准误减小,以减小稀释倍数同时增加各稀释度试验管数,其标准误的缩小最为明显。 点斜法计算的ＩＣＩＤ５０９５％可信区间较Ｒｅｅｄ－Ｍｕｅｎｃｈ法为窄。结论 减小稀释倍数同时增加各稀释度试验管数,并采 用点斜法计算ＴＣＩＤ５０,能使疫苗检定方法的精确度满足规范化甲肝活疫苗滴定的要求。     

甲型肝炎病毒(L-A-1株)基因型分析

目的 分析甲肝病毒基因型,为确定我国甲肝的分子流行病学及疫苗的安全性和免疫原性奠定基础。方法 采用抗原捕获聚合酶链反应（AC/PCR）,依据国际上甲肝病毒分型标准,扩增VP1/2A结合处的168个核苦酸（nt2909～3264）。结果 经生物信息学软件分析,得出L-A-1株病毒属于甲肝病毒基因IB亚型。结论 在我国有IA和IB两个亚型甲肝病毒流行。     

森林脑炎纯化疫苗和灭活疫苗的接种反应及免疫效果观察

目的　观察森林脑炎纯化疫苗及森林脑炎灭活疫苗的接种反应和免疫效果。方法　两种疫苗分别于接种后 ,观察局部反应和全身反应 ,免疫血清用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)和蚀斑减少试验法检测其中和抗体效价。结果　森林脑炎灭活疫苗局部反应和全身反应的发生率分别为 2 3 0. 8%和 15 . 38% ,人群抗体 2针接种后约 1/3检出阳性 ,3针接种后约 1/ 2检出阳性 ;森林脑炎纯化疫苗无 1例全身反应 ,局部反应为注射部位一过性轻度疼痛 ,发生率为 1 .13% ,2针接种后 85 %人检出阳性 ,免疫剂量 1 0ml组优于 0. 5ml组 ,差异有显著意义。结论　森林脑炎灭活疫苗副反应发生率高 ,免疫效果差 ,森林脑炎纯化疫苗副反应轻微 ,免疫后中和抗体阳转率高。     

应用免疫斑点法检测不同工艺灭活的乙肝血源疫苗中的前S_1和S_2蛋白

作者应用前 S_1、前 S_2和 HBsAg/a 单克隆抗体,用免疫斑点法(Immuno-spot)检测同一批的乙肝表面抗原分别经加热灭活和三步化学灭活后的前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白保留情况,比较了两种工艺对前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白的影响。结果表明;加热灭活可保留前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白,三步化学灭活使前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白丢失,从抗原组成上看,加热灭活后的抗原更接近自然抗原。首次报告了含有前 S_1蛋白的乙肝疫苗,并对前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白在乙肝血源疫苗中的可能作用进行了讨论。     

角蛋白基药物载体的发展及应用探讨

从毛发中提取角蛋白，开发具有独特功能的角蛋白基药物载体材料，提高药物的活性和生物利用率，既能够增加毛发的利用价值，又能够实现节能减排，符合可持续发展战略要求。对毛发中提取角蛋白进行二硫键重建、自由基聚合、多糖改性和烷基化等改性处理，赋予角蛋白基药物载体优异地功能特性，进一步拓宽其作为角蛋白基药物载体的应用范围。角蛋白基药物载体可被加工成纳米粒子、纤维支架、水凝胶等各种形式用于药物的递送。作为一种高硫含量且具有良好细胞相容性的结构蛋白，角蛋白基药物载体在组织工程、再生医学等领域扮演着重要的角色。