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Y. C. Mitei J. C. Ngila S. O. Yeboah L. Wessjohann J. Schmidt 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(7):617-625
The phytosterol, tocopherol, and tocotrienol profiles for mkukubuyo, Sterculia africana, manketti, Ricinodendron rautanenni, mokolwane, Hyphaene petersiana, morama, Tylosema esculentum, and moretologa-kgomo, Ximenia caffra, seed oils from Botswana have been determined. Normal-phase HPLC analysis of the unsaponifiable matter showed that among the
selected oils, the most abundant tocopherol and tocotrienol were γ-tocopherol (2232.99 μg/g) and γ-tocotrienol (246.19 μg/g),
detected in manketti and mkukubuyo, respectively. Mokolwane oil, however, contained the largest total tocotrienol (258.47 μg/g).
Total tocol contents found in manketti, mokolwane, mkukubuyo, morama, and moretologa-kgomo oils were 2238.60, 262.40, 246.20,
199.10, and 128.0 μg/g, respectively. GC–MS determination of the relative percentage composition of phytosterols showed 4-desmethylsterols
as the most abundant phytosterols in the oils, by occurring up to 90% in moretologa-kgomo, mkukubuyo, and manketti seed oils,
with β-sitosterol being the most abundant. Mokolwane seed oil contained the largest percentage composition of 4,4-dimethylsterols
(45.93%). Besides 4-desmethylsterols (75%), morama oil also contained significant amounts of 4,4-dimethylsterols and 4-monomethylsterols
(15.72% total). GC–MS determination of the absolute amounts of 4-desmethylsterols, after SPE fractionation of the unsaponifiable
matter, confirmed that β-sitosterol was the most abundant phytosterol in the test seed oils, with manketti seed oil being
the richest source (1326.74 μg/g). The analysis showed total 4-desmethylsterols content as 1617.41, 1291.88, 861.47, 149.15,
and 109.11 μg/g for manketti, mokolwane, mkukubuyo, morama, and moretologa-kgomo seed oils, respectively. 相似文献
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Y. C. Mitei J. C. Ngila S. O. Yeboah L. Wessjohann J. Schmidt 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2008,85(11):1021-1032
In the search for non-traditional seed oils, physicochemical parameters, fatty acid (FA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles
for five Botswana seed oils, obtained by Soxhlet extraction, were determined. GC–MS and 1H-NMR analyses showed the FA profiles for mkukubuyo, Sterculia africana, and manketti, Ricinodendron rautanenii, seed oils dominated by linoleic and oleic acids, 26.1, 16.7 and 51.9, 24.4%, respectively, with S. africana containing significant amounts of cyclic FAs (19.9%). Mokolwane, Hyphaene petersiana, seed oil was typically lauric; 12:0 and 14:0 acids were 25.9 and 13.4%, respectively. Morama, Tylosema esculentum, seed oil resembled olive oil; 18:1 (47.3%) and 18:2 (23.4%) acids dominated. Moretologa-kgomo, Ximenia caffra, seed oil had 45.8% of 18:1 FA, plus significant amounts of very long chain FAs: 26:1 (5.8%), 28:1 (13.9%), 30:1 (3.9%),
and acetylenic acids, 9a-18:1 (1.5%) and 9a, 11t-18:2 (16.0%). TAG classes and regiochemistry were determined with ESI-FTICR-MS,
and 13C-NMR spectra, respectively. Morama showed seven major TAG classes with C54:4 and C54:3 dominating; mokolwane had 16 major
classes with C32:0, C38:0 and C42:2 dominating; manketti had 11 major classes with C54:7, C54:6 and C54:4 dominating; mkukubuyo
had 12 major classes with C52:4, C52:3 and C54:4 dominating; moretologa-kgomo had 30 major TAG classes with C64:5, C64:3 and
C62:3 dominating. Saturated FAs were generally distributed over the sn-1(3) position for morama, manketti, and moretologa-kgomo but at the sn-2 position for mokolwane and mkukubuyo. These findings indicate that morama and manketti seed oils can be developed for food
uses, whilst moretologa-kgomo and mkukubuyo seed oils only for nonfood uses. 相似文献
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