Synthesis,characterization and properties of functionalized styrene–maleimide copolymers

New functionalized styrene–maleimide copolymers were prepared by free radical copolymerization of styrene (St) and N‐4‐carboxybutylmaleimide (NBMI) in chloroform, using 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. Monomer and copolymer characterization was carried out by ¹H‐ and ¹³C‐NMR. Copolymer composition was determined by elemental analysis and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The glass transition temperature (from DSC) and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the copolymers were consistent with the thermal behavior and stability observed for alternating St–maleimide copolymers. St–NBMI copolymers crosslinked with divinylbenzene (DVB) were also synthesized and their cation exchange properties evaluated in order to assess the capacity of the new copolymers to bind metallic ions. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis and chain extension of nitroxide‐terminated styrene–maleimide copolymers

Thermal radical copolymerization of styrene (S) and maleimide (MI) at 125°C in diglyme in the presence of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yloxyl radical (TEMPO) was studied. Mole fractions of maleimide in the feed, F_MI, varied in the range 0.1–0.9. A quasiliving reaction process proceeded yielding copolymers with a low polydispersity (M_w/M_n = 1.17–1.41). The found azeotropic composition, (F_MI)_A = 0.46, did not differ substantially from that (0.5) in the conventional radical S‐MI copolymerization. At a higher conversion or MI content in the feed, deactivation of the copolymer chains occurred. The obtained TEMPO‐terminated S‐MI copolymers readily initiated polymerization of styrene; chain extension of the macroinitiators took place, giving poly(S‐co‐MI)‐block‐poly(S) diblock copolymers. The synthesized copolymers containing S and MI units were characterized by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy, size‐exclusion chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1863–1868, 2004     

N-取代马来酰亚胺作为光引发剂的研究进展

综述了近年来关于N 取代马来酰亚胺在无其它光引发剂情况下,引发丙烯酸酯和乙烯基醚聚合的研究情况。就N 取代马来酰亚胺作为光引发剂的引发机理,影响其光敏性的因素,以及在其他领域如聚合物分散液晶和高交联薄膜的应用作了介绍。参考文献32篇。     

合成1-[4-(二甲氨基)苯基]马来酰亚胺的新方法

介绍了以生产香兰素主要副产物Ｎ，Ｎ—二甲基对苯二胺为原料，通过缩合、闭环等反应，以７５％总收率合成了标题化合物。元素分析、色谱－质谱联用、红外光谱及′ＨＮＭＲ谱等鉴定结果证明，该合成的化合物是一种纯度高，熔点为１５４℃～１５５℃的红棕色针状晶体，分子结构式为：     

含马来酰亚胺结构的DOPO基反应型阻燃剂的合成及其对环氧树脂性能的影响

以9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)和N-对羧基苯基马来酰亚胺(pCPMI)为主要原料合成了一种新型的反应型阻燃剂DOPO-pCPMI,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR),核磁共振谱(¹H-NMR、³¹P-NMR)对阻燃剂分子的结构及其组成进行了分析表征。随后将DOPO-pCPMI与环氧树脂预聚,再以4,4’-二氨基二苯基砜(DDS)为固化剂制备DOPO-pCPMI/EP复合材料。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、动态热机械分析(DTMA)、热失重分析研究了复合材料的阻燃性能和热性能。结果表明：当pCPMI的质量分数为6%时,DOPO-pCPMI/EP固化体系综合性能最佳,氧指数由24%提高至33.5%;玻璃化转变温度(T_g)为210℃;弯曲强度由90 MPa提升至127 MPa;在氮气气氛下不同组分树脂的浇铸体残炭率不断提高。对燃烧后炭层的红外分析和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明形成了含马来酰亚胺的刚性炭层,且炭层外部紧凑、完整,内部致密、多孔。     

N-苯马来酰亚胺改性不饱和聚酯树脂

研究了N-苯基马来酰亚胺(NPMI)在苯乙烯中的溶解规律,即NPMI在苯乙烯中溶解度呈线性关系:5~35℃时,S=0.1t;40~60℃时,S=4.2+2.2t。NPMI的引入可以有效提高不饱和聚酯(UP)树脂的耐热性,NPMI用量在1%~9%,可以将UP树脂的热变形温度提高4.5℃。研究了NPMI用量对UP树脂浇注体拉伸强度和冲击强度的影响,对材料冲击断面进行了SEM表征。NPMI用量为2%时,材料的拉伸强度最大,提高了5.5%,达到67.3 MPa;NPMI用量为6%时,材料的冲击强度最大,提高了23%,达到8.6 kJ/m2。     

BrФnsted-Lewis双酸性离子液体催化合成二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯

合成了具有不同ZnCl2摩尔分数的BrФnsted-Lewis双酸性离子液体[HO3S-(CH2)4-mim]Cl-xZnCl2,采用Hammett指示剂与紫外联用法测定了其酸强度,考察了其在苯氨基甲酸甲酯(MPC)与甲醛(HCHO)缩合制备二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯(MDC)反应中的催化性能,并考察了反应条件对MDC收率和MPC转化率的影响。结果表明,当x=0.7时该离子液体的催化活性最高。以[HO3S-(CH2)4-mim]Cl-0.7ZnCl2为催化剂兼溶剂,在反应温度70℃、反应时间60min、MPC与HCHO的摩尔比为10、离子液体与MPC的质量比为2的条件下,MDC收率最高可达99.1%。用水处理反应液并通过减压蒸馏回收的离子液体可以循环使用5次,其催化活性基本不变。     

N-苯基马来酰亚胺的合成方法、应用及市场展望

通过分析耐热ABS及PVC的市场状况及国内外N-苯基马来酰亚胺的产需状况,对国内N-苯基马来酰亚胺的发展前景进行了预测.     

磷钨酸催化合成二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯

以磷钨酸为催化剂,考察了苯氨基甲酸甲酯(MPC)与甲醛缩合制备二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯(MDC)的工艺条件。结果表明,磷钨酸对二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯的合成具有较好的催化效果;在二乙二醇二乙醚为溶剂,n(MPC)∶n(HCHO)=5∶1,催化剂用量m(磷钨酸)∶m(MPC+HCHO)=(0.08～0.10)∶1,于110℃反应4.5h的条件下,MDC的收率为64.9%,选择性达到80.9%。     

N-苯基马来酰亚胺的应用与合成

叙述了N -苯基马来酰亚胺的用途及合成方法。通过分析ABS及PVC的市场前景 ,提出了在国内开发N -苯基马来酰亚胺的必要性和紧迫性。