“吸收塔+膜组件+吸附罐”油气回收装置应用总结

介绍了某企业挥发性有机物（VOCs）治理的典型案例。采用“吸收塔+膜组件+吸附罐”油气回收组合工艺;采取更换吸收油、从源头上降低油气回收装置负荷、严格控制吸收塔液位、优化控制程序、严选吸附剂等措施;芳烃油气回收排放尾气中非甲烷总烃（NMHC）质量浓度降至11.36 mg/m³;装卸站油气回收排放尾气中NMHC质量浓度降至13.30 mg/m³。两套油气回收装置排放尾气中的NMHC质量浓度连续稳定低于60 mg/m³;达到了国家A级企业的指标要求（非燃烧法）。采取上述措施降低了VOCs排放量;减少了油品损失;增加了企业效益。     

Synthesis of Mn-CeOx/cordierite catalysts using various coating materials and pore-forming agents for non-methane hydrocarbon oxidation in cooking oil fumes

Cooking oil fumes (COFs) as an important source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in metropolitan areas is poisonous to the environment and human health, and the removal rate of Non-methane Hydrocarbon (NMHC) in COFs was used to verify the activity of catalysts made to depurate COFs. The textural properties of cordierite are limitation to the catalyst's performance. Therefore, in this paper, coating the cordierite to improve its surface properties was investigated. The experiment results and characterization data revealed that TiO₂ was a better coating material because of coating on TiO₂ can improve the surface morphology better than that of Al₂O₃. The SEM and BET data of the materials synthesized with different content of CTAB showed that 10?wt% additive amount of pore-forming agent had a better textural properties than other additive amount of pore-forming agents. It is clear that the S_BET and D_V of the catalysts were significantly increased, and the catalyst exhibited smaller particle size and more developed pore structure after ultrasonic treatment which proving that ultrasound can enhance the catalyst's catalytic activity. It is obviously that the catalyst synthesized with CTAB had best pore structure and Mn₄Ce₁/Ti/NC-CTAB-U exhibited the best performance for catalytic combustion of NMHC with the removal rate was 93.6% at 400?°C.     

石化储罐和装车VOCs新型处理装置运行总结

某石化企业针对现有油品储罐和装车VOCs处理装置不达标问题;建设了新型废气处理装置。新装置中低温柴油吸收单元、脱硫化氢单元、总烃浓度均化单元、RTO（蓄热氧化）单元的废气处理量分别为2、2、5、40 dam³/h。来自储罐和装车的各股废气按照有机物和硫化物浓度高低分别从不同的单元进入装置处理;非甲烷总烃去除率不低于99%;净化气中非甲烷总烃浓度连续稳定不超过20 mg/m³;苯、甲苯、二甲苯未检出;SO₂未检出;NOₓ质量浓度小于10 mg/m³;符合环办大气函〔2020〕340号文A级企业指标要求;符合国家和山东省排放标准。     

炼油厂恶臭废气综合治理技术的研究Ⅱ.装车装船逸散废气治理技术

研究了炼油厂装车装船排放气组成和排放规律,对装载场合废气收集方式、引气控制、治理技术进行了分析和工业化试验研究。结果表明:装车装船逸散废气中非甲烷总烃浓度随装卸时间的延长而逐渐升高,废气收集采用引气式压力控制能实现流量自动控制;采用低温馏分油临界吸收-吸附技术对码头装船逸散废气进行回收治理,净化气中非甲烷总烃浓度低于6.1×10~3 mg/m~3,非甲烷烃总烃净化效率大于99.3%;采用低温馏分油临界吸收-催化氧化技术对装车栈台逸散废气进行回收净化治理,净化气中非甲烷总烃浓度不大于7.9mg/m~3,净化效率接近100%。     

Optimization of a heavy-duty compression-ignition engine fueled with diesel and gasoline-like fuels

Optimal injection strategies for a heavy-duty compression-ignition engine fueled with diesel and gasoline-like fuels (#91 gasoline and E10) and operated under mid- and high-load conditions are investigated. A state-of-the-art engine CFD tool with detailed fuel chemistry was used to evaluate the engine performance and pollutant emissions. The CFD tools feature a recently developed efficient chemistry solver that allowed the optimization tasks to be completed in practical computer times. A Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II) was coupled with the CFD tool to seek optimal combinations of injection system variables to achieve clean and efficient combustion. The optimization study identified several key parameters that influence engine performance. It was found that the fuel volatility and reactivity both play important roles at the mid-load condition, while the high-load condition is less sensitive to the fuel reactivity. However, high volatility fuels, such as gasoline and E10, were found to be beneficial to fuel economy at high-load. The study indicates that with an optimized injection system gasoline-like fuels are promising for heavy-duty CI engines due to their lower NOx and soot emissions and higher fuel economy compared to conventional diesel fuels. However, the high in-cylinder gas pressure rise rate associated with Partially Premixed Combustion of gasoline-like fuels can become problematic at high-load and the low-load operating limit is also a challenge. Potential solutions are discussed based on the present optimization results.     

甲烷和非甲烷在线色谱的研制及应用

基于空气中甲烷和非甲烷总烃实时监测的需求,研发了采用阀进样和反吹切换技术的在线色谱监测仪。本文介绍了仪器的主要架构和技术特点,实验室性能测试结果和在科研、大气环境监测及化工园区污染物监测领域的应用效果。测试数据和现场应用结果表明该在线色谱仪具有分析时间短（〈3min）,测量精度高、线性范围宽、普适性强等特点,技术指标等于和部分优于国外先进产品,完全满足空气中甲烷和非甲烷总烃在线监测的要求。     

新型硅烷偶联剂IMLV在白炭黑填充胎面胶中的应用

研究新型硅烷偶联剂IMLV在白炭黑填充胎面胶中的应用,并利用气相色谱分析仪对密炼过程中产生的非甲烷总烃（NMHC）总量进行监控。结果表明：在胎面胶中采用硅烷偶联剂IMLV等量替代硅烷偶联剂Si69,胶料的门尼粘度减小,焦烧时间延长,硫化速率增大,Payne效应增强;硫化胶的300%定伸应力减小,拉断伸长率、DIN磨耗量和损耗因子增大,硬度、拉伸强度和回弹值相当;密炼过程中产生的NMHC总量明显降低。     

Correlation of the ratio of non-methane hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide concentrations in the atmosphere and outdoor environment

A correlation between atmospheric pollution due to the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and the non-methane hydrocarbon/nitrogen oxide (NMHC/NO_x) ratio has been determined. We supposed the source of NMHC in a region using the NMHC/NO_x ratio without needing to consider diffusion and dilution due to meteorological conditions. At general measurement stations in Neyagawa and Higashiosaka cities in Osaka Prefecture, the NMHC/NO_x ratio was high in summer though the NMHC and NO_x concentrations were high in early winter. Conversely, measurements of the ratio at a traffic measurement station in Shijonawate did not have this pattern. That is, NMHC emission increased with the temperature in Neyagawa and Higashiosaka. It was concluded the waste plastic processing facility increased the NMHC/NO_x ratio by comparing the change in the annually averaged NMHC/NO_x ratio at Neyagawa and Higashiosaka with the developments of disposal and treatment facilities in Neyagawa. In the case of Neyagawa, ventilation is not suitable for improving indoor air quality, because the outdoor pollution level can be higher than that indoors. The NMHC/NO_x ratio is a useful index to evaluate the change in the regional environment due to VOC pollution, and it can judge whether outdoor air can improve indoor air quality by ventilation.     

大气环境影响评价中挥发性有机化合物与非甲烷总烃的异同

分别从定义、监测与分析方法、执行标准等3个角度深入系统地分析了挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)和非甲烷总烃(NMHC)的异同。结果表明,NMHC的范畴在是否应包括含氧烃方面尚存在争议;目前VOCs和NMHC的实际监测分析方法与相关标准中规定的方法不完全一致;VOCs和NMHC参照执行的环境质量标准和排放标准较为混乱。对此,在大气环境影响评价中建议同时监测VOCs和NMHC,并制订统一的环境标准。