沁水盆地北端煤层气储层特征及富集机制

煤层气的富集与储层特征密切相关,并受地质条件的制约。在详细研究煤储层特征及煤层气富集机制的基础上,对沁水盆地北端煤层气的开发前景进行了初步评价。煤岩、煤质、煤体结构及孔渗性、吸附性的观察和测试显示,该区煤层厚度大,热演化程度高,局部发育构造煤,裂隙较发育,吸附性能力强,含气量高,含气饱和度偏低,适合煤层气的开发。该区煤层气的富集主要受控于热演化史和埋藏史。在区域变质的背景上,叠加了岩浆热变质作用,生气强度大。另外,煤层的埋深、顶底板封闭性及水文地质条件都会影响煤层含气量的大小,煤层气富集是多因素有效配置的结果。      

Website accessibility: a survey of local e-government websites and legislation in Northern Ireland

The provision of accessible websites is a legal requirement under the Disability Discrimination Act 1995, which applies throughout Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the Equality (disability, etc.) (Northern Ireland) Order 2000. A survey of local e-government websites indicated that few local councils in the devolved administration of Northern Ireland offered websites which were adequately usable by people with a disability, yet most citizen-government transactions occur at the local level. Design for all has obvious commercial benefits, but it has also become a legal obligation, and application of accessible design principles should improve the online experience of all users.     

基于无线网桥的鄂北调水工程视频监控系统建设

在当前信息化、智能化快速发展的背景下,部署视频监控系统有利于提高水利工程建设管理水平和工作效率。经现场查勘和技术比对,鄂北调水工程视频监控系统采取的是视频采集、网络传输、数据存储、数据访问的4层架构。结合视频监控系统在鄂北工程的应用场景和实际需求,并考虑经费、部署难度、稳定性等方面因素,充分利用工区已有互联网上行链路资源,提出了基于无线网桥技术的视频监控传输模式。实践表明：鄂北调水工程视频监控系统不仅实现了施工现场的实时在线远程监控,更为工程安全、质量、进度、环保等方面的建设管理提供了信息化技术支撑,极大提高了便捷性、精准性、高效性。     

我国北方区域地下水演化研究综述

基于"六五"至"十二五"期间有关区域地下水演化的国家和省部级重点科技项目主要成果,对近30年来我国地下水演化研究的主要进展进行了综述。我国区域地下水演化研究主要集中在北方地区,项目选题的起源和立项的时代背景具有鲜明的时代性和社会重大需求驱动,包括华北和西北地区流域尺度地下水演化的国家重点项目研究,都是围绕国家目标或区域经济发展重大需求,及时揭示了气候变化和人类活动影响下区域地下水演化的关键科技问题,突显了重大科学研究的时代性和必要性。     

An application of MODIS data to snow cover monitoring in a pastoral area: A case study in Northern Xinjiang, China

Snow is an important land cover on the earth's surface. It is characterized by its changing nature. Monitoring snow cover extent plays a significant role in dynamic studies and prevention of snow-caused disasters in pastoral areas. Using NASA EOS Terra/MODIS snow cover products and in situ observation data during the four snow seasons from November 1 to March 31 of year 2001 to 2005 in northern Xinjiang area, the accuracy of MODIS snow cover mapping algorithm under varied snow depth and land cover types was analyzed. The overall accuracy of MODIS daily snow cover mapping algorithm in clear sky condition is high at 98.5%; snow agreement reaches 98.2%, and ranges from 77.8% to 100% over the 4-year period for individual sites. Snow depth (SD) is one of the major factors affecting the accuracy of MODIS snow cover maps. MODIS does not identify any snow for SD less than 0.5 cm. The overall accuracy increases with snow depth if SD is equal to or greater than 3 cm, and decreases for SD below 3 cm. Land cover has an important influence in the accuracy of MODIS snow cover maps. The use of MOD10A1 snow cover products is severely affected by cloud cover. The 8-day composite products of MOD10A2 can effectively minimize the effect of cloud cover in most cases. Cloud cover in excess of 10% occurs on 99% of the MOD10A1 products and 14.7% of the MOD10A2 products analyzed during the four snow seasons. User-defined multiple day composite images based on MOD10A1, with flexibilities of selecting composite period, starting and ending date and composite sequence of MOD10A1 products, have an advantage in effectively monitoring snow cover extent for regional snow-caused disasters in pastoral areas.     

青海北祁连松树南沟造山型金矿床地质特征及矿床成因

松树南沟金矿床位于祁连造山带北祁连加里东造山亚带南缘．靠近达坂山深大断裂带。成矿地质条件非常有利。文章在阐述成矿地质背景的基础上，详细论述了松树南沟金矿床的地质特征，并对矿床成因进行了探讨。认为晚华力西一印支期陆内碰撞造山活动叠加．沿达坂山深大断裂带旁侧形成规模较大的北西向韧性剪切带，并发生中酸性岩浆侵入活动，使原有成矿物质活化、迁移、富集、沉淀，形成了松树南沟造山型金矿床。     

Sensitivity of vegetation indices to atmospheric aerosols: continental-scale observations in Northern Asia

Satellite observations play an important role in characterization of the interannual variation of vegetation. Here, we report anomalies of two vegetation indices for Northern Asia (40°N-75°N, and 45°E-179°E), using images from the SPOT-4 VEGETATION (VGT) sensor over the period of April 1, 1998 to November 20, 2001. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), which are correlated to a number of vegetation properties (e.g., net primary production, leaf area index), were compared. The results show that there is a large disagreement between NDVI and EVI anomalies in 1998 and 1999 for Northern Asia. The NDVI anomaly in 1998 was largely affected by atmospheric contamination, predominantly aerosols from extensive forest fires in that year. The EVI anomaly in 1998 was less sensitive to residual atmospheric contamination, as it is designed to be, and thus EVI is a useful alternative vegetation index for the large-scale study of vegetation. The EVI anomaly also suggests that potential vegetation productivity in Northern Asia was highest in 1998 but declined substantially in 2001, consistent with precipitation data from 1998-2001.     

《万叶集》中的咏梅和歌

《万叶集》里的咏梅和歌集中出现在天平时期(729~749年),大多出自大伴旅人、大伴加持等贵族官人之手。本文通过具体分析《万叶集》咏梅和歌中梅与雪、梅与柳、梅与莺以及梅花"插发"等几种主要模式,指出其在构思、选材以及用词上模仿借鉴了魏晋南北朝至初唐的咏梅汉诗赋。但由于中日两国传统审美情趣的不同,汉诗赋与和歌的根本差异,《万叶集》咏梅和歌与魏晋南北朝至初唐的咏梅汉诗赋在意境和文化蕴涵上又存在着本质区别。     

北欧地域性建筑成因探究

当代北欧建筑以其简洁、优雅的特点闻名于世,从合理的社会制度、平等的社会观念、以人为本的设计传统和强烈的民族认同四个方面阐述了北欧建筑具有简洁、优雅特征的原因。     

北方地区绿色建筑行动纲要

我国北方地区城市建筑约占全国建筑总量的26%,但建筑能耗却占到全国的40%~50%,因此,北方地区推行绿色建筑对节能减排意义重大。本文从选址与节地、供热计量、绿色建筑激励政策等十个方面阐述北方地区绿色建筑行动纲要。