三聚氰胺的绿色生产技术

由尿素合成三聚氰胺的反应有副反应存在 ,能生成缩二脲、三聚氰酸一酰胺、三聚氰酸二酰胺和蜜勒胺等副产物。利用水溶液中的三聚氰胺在高温高压下可以完全分解的性质 ,采用国外最新开发的OAT专利技术 ,将废水中夹带的少量工艺产品和聚合物废料转化回收 ,可提高原料的利用率 ,消除水污染     

高压法三聚氰胺产品OAT含量高的原因分析

OAT是对高压法三聚氰胺生产过程中产生的一种副产品的统称,正常生产中三聚氰胺产品中OAT含量一般在200×10-6,若含量过高会引起三聚氰胺产品浊度超标。本文简单概述了意大利欧技公司高压法三聚氰胺生产工艺基本工艺流程,详细阐述了该工艺 OAT 产生和去除的过程,对正常生产中造成高压法三聚氰胺产品 OAT 含量升高的原因进行了分析,通过分析,总结了高压法三聚氰胺生产工艺中防止产品浊度超标操作注意事项。     

三聚氰胺废水处理技术

介绍了三聚氰按废水处理的工艺流程，从总固量、压力、温度、负荷等方面阐述了操作参数的改变对工艺废水处理的影响，总结了废水处理系统的工艺考核结果。     

高压法三聚氰胺装置OAT浓缩技术分析研究

中国石油乌鲁木齐石化分公司化工厂高压法三胺装置为欧技公司引进技术,OAT浓缩系统(OAT结晶系统和超滤系统)为第三代改良工艺,OAT浓缩工艺为新设计工艺,目前还处在试验阶段,国内同类厂都存在OAT浓缩系统频繁出现堵塞的问题,我厂对此进行了研究并处理,目前装置可长周期平稳运行.     

SLC22 Transporters in the Fly Renal System Regulate Response to Oxidative Stress In Vivo

Several SLC22 transporters in the human kidney and other tissues are thought to regulate endogenous small antioxidant molecules such as uric acid, ergothioneine, carnitine, and carnitine derivatives. These transporters include those from the organic anion transporter (OAT), OCTN/OCTN-related, and organic cation transporter (OCT) subgroups. In mammals, it has been difficult to show a clear in vivo role for these transporters during oxidative stress. Ubiquitous knockdowns of related Drosophila SLC22s—including transporters homologous to those previously identified by us in mammals such as the “Fly-Like Putative Transporters” FLIPT1 (SLC22A15) and FLIPT2 (SLC22A16)—have shown modest protection against oxidative stress. However, these fly transporters tend to be broadly expressed, and it is unclear if there is an organ in which their expression is critical. Using two tissue-selective knockdown strategies, we were able to demonstrate much greater and longer protection from oxidative stress compared to previous whole fly knockdowns as well as both parent and WT strains (CG6126: p < 0.001, CG4630: p < 0.01, CG16727: p < 0.0001 and CG6006: p < 0.01). Expression in the Malpighian tubule and likely other tissues as well (e.g., gut, fat body, nervous system) appear critical for managing oxidative stress. These four Drosophila SLC22 genes are similar to human SLC22 transporters (CG6126: SLC22A16, CG16727: SLC22A7, CG4630: SLC22A3, and CG6006: SLC22A1, SLC22A2, SLC22A3, SLC22A6, SLC22A7, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLC22A12 (URAT1), SLC22A13, SLC22A14)—many of which are highly expressed in the kidney. Consistent with the Remote Sensing and Signaling Theory, this indicates an important in vivo role in the oxidative stress response for multiple SLC22 transporters within the fly renal system, perhaps through interaction with SLC22 counterparts in non-renal tissues. We also note that many of the human relatives are well-known drug transporters. Our work not only indicates the importance of SLC22 transporters in the fly renal system but also sets the stage for in vivo studies by examining their role in mammalian oxidative stress and organ crosstalk.     

The spatial framework for weight sensitivity analysis in AHP-based multi-criteria decision making

Criteria weights determined from pairwise comparisons are often the greatest contributor to the uncertainties in the AHP-based multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). During an MCDM process, the weights can be changed directly by adjusting the output from a pairwise comparison matrix, or indirectly by recalculating the matrix after varying its input. Corresponding weight sensitivity on multi-criteria evaluation results is generally difficult to be quantitatively assessed and spatially visualized. This study developed a unique methodology which extends the AHP-SA model proposed by Chen et al. (2010) to a more comprehensive framework to analyze weight sensitivity caused by both direct and indirect weight changes using the one-at-a-time (OAT) technique. With increased efficiency, improved flexibility and enhanced visualization capability, the spatial framework was developed as AHP-SA2 within a GIS platform. A case study with in-depth discussion is provided to demonstrate the new toolset. It assists stakeholders and researchers with better understanding of weight sensitivity for characterising, reporting and minimising uncertainty in the AHP-based spatial MCDM.     

萌发及甜醅发酵处理对燕麦营养品质、淀粉体外消化能力及抗氧化性的影响

以河北张家口产裸燕麦为对照,以萌发、甜醅发酵、萌发后再发酵三种处理为实验组,测定燕麦中总多酚含量、黄酮含量、β-葡聚糖含量、游离氨基酸含量、DPPH自由基清除率、羟基自由基清除率及淀粉体外消化能力,探究萌发、甜醅发酵、萌发后发酵等三种不同处理对燕麦淀粉体外消化及抗氧化能力的影响。结果显示：萌发、甜醅发酵、萌发后发酵等三种不同处理对燕麦的营养性、抗氧化性均有一定程度的影响,其中先萌发再发酵处理影响显著（p<0.05）,影响效果高于单独萌发与发酵;处理后燕麦淀粉的体外消化率的变化趋势则比对照平缓,RDS含量有一定程度提高,但SDS和RS的含量无显著变化（p>0.05）。     

Application of SWAT99.2 to sensitivity analysis of water balance components in unique plots in a hilly region

Although many sensitivity analyses using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) in a complex watershed have been conducted, little attention has been paid to the application potential of the model in unique plots. In addition, sensitivity analysis of percolation and evapotranspiration with SWAT has seldom been undertaken. In this study, SWAT99.2 was calibrated to simulate water balance components for unique plots in Southern China from 2000 to 2001, which included surface runoff, percolation, and evapotranspiration. Twenty-one parameters classified into four categories, including meteorological conditions, topographical characteristics, soil properties, and vegetation attributes, were used for sensitivity analysis through one-at-a-time (OAT) sampling to identify the factor that contributed most to the variance in water balance components. The results were shown to be different for different plots, with parameter sensitivity indices and ranks varying for different water balance components. Water balance components in the broad-leaved forest and natural grass plots were most sensitive to meteorological conditions, less sensitive to vegetation attributes and soil properties, and least sensitive to topographical characteristics. Compared to those in the natural grass plot, water balance components in the broad-leaved forest plot demonstrated higher sensitivity to the maximum stomatal conductance (GSI) and maximum leaf area index (BLAI).     

OAT~①滤叶式过滤器与超滤系统的运行比较

同样的三聚氰胺②氨回收后OAT处理工段,因为采用不同的过滤方式而使生产迥异。本文将从多个方面分析这两种不同的过滤方式的优缺点,从而找到更具推广价值的操作方式。     

OAT过滤器故障分析及改进措施

介绍三聚氰胺装置OAT过滤器的结构特点及工作过程，分析运行中出现的故障，采取相应技改措施，以稳定过滤器的运行。