光盘用光学头物镜性能的综合评估

论述了采用波象差均方根、点扩展函数、光学传递函数对高次旋转对称非球面光学头物镜性能进行综合评估的方法。作者在正则坐标理论基础〔１〕上编制了光学头物镜性能综合评估软件。给出了评估实例。     

夜视系统鉴别率测试的新方法

用室内低光照高对比鉴别率取代野外探测目标距离作为衡量夜视系统性能优劣的标准,将给验收工作带来方便。本文给出一种实验室内测试夜视系统鉴别率的方法。文中导出了夜视系统鉴别率的一种新的表达式,从而提出了一种改进后的物理模型及其实验方案。分析表明,采用新方案,即在实验室中人为增加环境照度,由此测得的系统工作鉴别率,用以取代野外探测目标距离,其可信度可望得到明显的提高。     

一种关于目标罚参数的精确罚函数法

罚函数法是一种将约束优化问题转化为无约束问题的重要方法.对于一般的约束优化问题,通过加入新参数,给出了一种改进的精确罚函数和这种罚函数的精确罚定理证明,提出了求解这种罚函数的算法.实验表明该算法是有效的.     

加强企业内部经济责任制运行之我见

企业内部经济责任制是众多企业经营管理工作的一项基本管理制度。指标合理、体系完备、主体明确是推行责任制的基础;强化过程监控是保障经济责任制有效运行的必要手段;强化目标管理、严格考核兑现是推行经济责任制的关键。只有科学确定企业总体经营目标、合理分解目标任务、考核奖励公平公正,才能保证企业经济责任制的顺利实施。     

Security optimal power flow considering loading margin stability using hybrid FFA–PS assisted with brainstorming rules

This paper presents a new power system planning strategy which combines firefly algorithm (FFA) with pattern search algorithm (PS). The purpose is minimizing total fuel cost, total power loss and reducing total voltage deviation, with the objective of enhancing the loading margin stability and consequently the power system security. A new interactive and simple mechanism, inspired in brainstorming process, is proposed that allows FFA and PS algorithms to explore new regions of the search space. In this study the Static VAR compensator (SVC) is modeled and integrated in an efficient location which is chosen considering the voltage stability index. The proposed algorithm is interactive and tries to optimize a set of control variables at the same time, namely, active power generations, voltage of generators, tap transformers, and the reactive power of shunt compensators to optimize three objective functions such as: fuel cost, total power loss and total voltage deviation. These variables are optimized using a flexible interactive and competitive search mechanism. The proposed planning strategy has been examined and applied to two practical test systems IEEE 14-Bus and IEEE 30-Bus. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of this hybrid strategy for solving the security optimal power flow.     

2K-H型多级行星齿轮减速器优化设计系统

讨论了行星齿轮减速器设计中的穷举优化因素,以太阳轮和全部行星轮的体积之和最小为优化设计目标函数,以太阳轮的参数为设计变量,建立了优化数学模型,设计出行星轮系的优化设计系统,并以三级行星减速机为例,介绍了该系统的实际应用。     

Delphi环境下目标规划图解法算法程序的开发

作为目标规划算法平台的一个重要组成部分,研究了多目标线性规划中的目标规划图解法算法程序的开发,以方便该方法在各领域的应用。首先,介绍了目标规划的原理、建立目标规划模型的步骤。然后,介绍目标规划图解法的计算步骤以及在Del-phi环境下开发目标规划图解法的流程和具体方法。最后,通过实例对目标规划图解法算法程序的正确性进行了验证。所开发的算法程序直观简捷,方便工程人员的使用。     

A comparative evaluation of interactive segmentation algorithms

In this paper we present a comparative evaluation of four popular interactive segmentation algorithms. The evaluation was carried out as a series of user-experiments, in which participants were tasked with extracting 100 objects from a common dataset: 25 with each algorithm, constrained within a time limit of 2 min for each object. To facilitate the experiments, a “scribble-driven” segmentation tool was developed to enable interactive image segmentation by simply marking areas of foreground and background with the mouse. As the participants refined and improved their respective segmentations, the corresponding updated segmentation mask was stored along with the elapsed time. We then collected and evaluated each recorded mask against a manually segmented ground truth, thus allowing us to gauge segmentation accuracy over time. Two benchmarks were used for the evaluation: the well-known Jaccard index for measuring object accuracy, and a new fuzzy metric, proposed in this paper, designed for measuring boundary accuracy. Analysis of the experimental results demonstrates the effectiveness of the suggested measures and provides valuable insights into the performance and characteristics of the evaluated algorithms.     

A DFO technique to calibrate queueing models

A crucial step in the modeling of a system is to determine the values of the parameters to use in the model. In this paper we assume that we have a set of measurements collected from an operational system, and that an appropriate model of the system (e.g., based on queueing theory) has been developed. Not infrequently proper values for certain parameters of this model may be difficult to estimate from available data (because the corresponding parameters have unclear physical meaning or because they cannot be directly obtained from available measurements, etc.). Hence, we need a technique to determine the missing parameter values, i.e., to calibrate the model.As an alternative to unscalable “brute force” technique, we propose to view model calibration as a non-linear optimization problem with constraints. The resulting method is conceptually simple and easy to implement. Our contribution is twofold. First, we propose improved definitions of the “objective function” to quantify the “distance” between performance indices produced by the model and the values obtained from measurements. Second, we develop a customized derivative-free optimization (DFO) technique whose original feature is the ability to allow temporary constraint violations. This technique allows us to solve this optimization problem accurately, thereby providing the “right” parameter values. We illustrate our method using two simple real-life case studies.     

基于区间直觉模糊集的C均值聚类算法

针对区间直觉模糊集(IVIFS)的聚类问题,提出了基于IVIFS的C均值聚类算法.算法首先应用IVIFS的欧氏距离,构造了聚类的目标函数;然后根据拉格朗日乘数法推导出聚类的迭代公式,得到IVIFS聚类算法;此外,还提出一种IVIFS聚类的有效性函数,并将此函数和聚类结合,给出可以确定最佳聚类类别数的聚类流程;最后通过实...