提纯乙型脑炎细胞培养疫苗的研究

应用截留分子量10万的超滤系统,将地鼠肾细胞乙型脑炎疫苗浓缩10～20倍,再以差速离心法提纯。所得提纯乙脑疫苗免疫原性及抗原效价均比原制苗明显提高,达到日本提纯苗的水平。经人体接种反应和效果观察表明,提纯苗反应轻微,血凝抗体4倍增长率占100%,GMT258.9,与常规苗相比有非常显著差异。     

基于免疫的动态垃圾邮件过滤研究

本文基于生物免疫系统防御机制,探讨了将人工免疫原理应用于垃圾邮件过滤系统(IDSFS),通过动态生成垃圾邮件疫苗,提高系统的检出率.另外,针对传统邮件过滤系统存在的错误肯定率、错误否定率等不足及用户对邮件个性化处理的要求,引入用户反馈机制,使得系统精确率、正确率进一步提高.实验结果表明,该系统具有较强的自学习、自适应能力.     

流感病毒的演变传播及抗病毒药物和疫苗的研究进展

流感病毒是引起人类流感的传染性病毒.1918年流感风暴席卷全球,至今仍为挥之不去的梦魇.本文综述了流感病毒的演变,在世界的传播路线和流感病毒"劫持"人体细胞的新机制,以及抗流感病毒新药和新型流感疫苗的研究进展.神经氨酸苷酶抑制剂的应用和新型流感疫苗的研制成功将为预防和治疗流感开拓广阔的前景.     

鳗弧菌减毒活疫苗对牙鲆免疫效果的研究

目的研究鳗弧菌减毒活疫苗对牙鲆的免疫保护作用。方法以鳗弧菌野生菌全细胞灭活疫苗为对照,用肌内注射和浸泡免疫方式分析鳗弧菌减毒活疫苗对牙鲆的免疫保护作用。结果不同疫苗和免疫方式的受免鱼各免疫指标均有明显变化,以注射减毒活疫苗组最高,注射灭活疫苗组次之,浸泡组最低;人工攻毒实验表明,注射或浸泡减毒活疫苗的受免鱼免疫保护率达到100％,明显高于灭活疫苗的60％,同时对溶藻弧菌有一定的交叉免疫保护作用,最高免疫保护率可达60％。结论鳗弧菌减毒活疫苗可有效引起牙鲆的免疫应答。     

Short communication: Antiviral activity of subcritical water extract of Brassica juncea against influenza virus A/H1N1 in nonfat milk

Subcritical water extract (SWE) of Brassica juncea was studied for antiviral effects against influenza virus A/H1N1 and for the possibility of application as a nonfat milk supplement for use as an “antiviral food.” At maximum nontoxic concentrations, SWE had higher antiviral activity against influenza virus A/H1N1 than n-hexane, ethanol, or hot water (80°C) extracts. Addition of 0.5 mg/mL of B. juncea SWE to culture medium led to 50.35% cell viability (% antiviral activity) for Madin-Darby canine kidney cells infected with influenza virus A/H1N1. Nonfat milk supplemented with 0.28 mg/mL of B. juncea SWE showed 39.62% antiviral activity against influenza virus A/H1N1. Thus, the use of B. juncea SWE as a food supplement might aid in protection from influenza viral infection.     

基于流感A&B核蛋白的高灵敏度免疫层析的快速诊断方法的建立及临床应用

本试验利用高特异性人流感病毒的核蛋白特异性单克隆抗体,以双抗体夹心法原理建立同时针对流感A、流感B进行检测快速现场诊断方法,同时评价方法灵敏度,特异性等性能,并对比同类参比试剂对临床样本进行检测,比较试剂盒与市售产品的符合率.结果表明:该检测方法对流感A型毒株,B型毒株的检测灵敏度均可以TCID50达到1∶1000倍稀...     

Mumefural and related HMF derivatives from Japanese apricot fruit juice concentrate show multiple inhibitory effects on pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus

Fruit-juice concentrate of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) has been shown to be effective against influenza A infection in MDCK cells. In this study, we isolated five components from the fruit-juice concentrate of Japanese apricot, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-formylfuran (HMF), 1-[5-(2-formylfuryl)methyl]dihydrogen 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (mumefural, MF), 2-[5-(2-formylfuryl)methyl]dihydrogen 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (MF‘), 1-[5-(2-formylfuryl)methyl]hydrogen 1-hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylate (MA1) and 2-[5-(2-formylfuryl)methyl]hydrogen 1-hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylate (MA2), and investigated their inhibitory activities against the novel influenza A/Narita/1/2009 (H1N1) pandemic virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase functions, which are essential for viral attachment and budding, respectively. An hemagglutination inhibition assay indicated that MF and MF‘ were effective at minimum hemagglutination concentrations of 3.1 and 6.3 mM, respectively. An inhibition study for sialidase activity of the neuraminidase spike showed that MF was the most active anti-sialidase compound with an IC₅₀ value of 0.21 ± 0.01 mM, followed by MA2 (IC₅₀, 0.71 ± 0.09 mM), MA1 (IC₅₀, 1.64 ± 0.31 mM) and MF‘(IC₅₀, 1.62 ± 0.22 mM). Furthermore, MF was shown to inhibit the growth of the pandemic virus in a dose-dependent manner (62 ± 3% inhibition at 5 mM). The results suggest that MF, a citric acid ester linked to HMF at the 1-position of the propane backbone, might be a lead compound for the development of anti-influenza A inhibitors.     

应用免疫斑点法检测不同工艺灭活的乙肝血源疫苗中的前S_1和S_2蛋白

作者应用前 S_1、前 S_2和 HBsAg/a 单克隆抗体,用免疫斑点法(Immuno-spot)检测同一批的乙肝表面抗原分别经加热灭活和三步化学灭活后的前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白保留情况,比较了两种工艺对前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白的影响。结果表明;加热灭活可保留前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白,三步化学灭活使前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白丢失,从抗原组成上看,加热灭活后的抗原更接近自然抗原。首次报告了含有前 S_1蛋白的乙肝疫苗,并对前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白在乙肝血源疫苗中的可能作用进行了讨论。     

不同剂量A群脑膜炎球菌多糖菌苗的反应

应用30和50μg A 群脑膜炎球菌多糖菌苗,接种不同年龄组儿童和青少年、观察其全身和局部反应及大面积普种的异常反应。结果表明:接种30和50μg 菌苗后全身和局部反应轻微,两种剂量的接种反应无差别,仅有两个点接种两个不同年龄组时出现50μg 的全身及局部反应高于30μg。普种50多万人均未发生异常反应。     

流行性乙型脑炎活疫苗大面积人体接种的安全性和血清学效果观察

用成都生物制品研究所生产的4批乙脑减毒活疫苗在云南省对58万1～15岁儿童进行大面积免疫观察,并对其中867名1～6岁儿童进行了体温测量和全身反应观察3周,仅17名儿童出现无规律性和体温中反应(37.6～38℃),但均未超过一天,亦未发生其它全身反应。局部反应轻微。其余接种对象均未发现疫苗引起的不良反应。接受1:5,1:10,1:50稀释疫苗的各组儿童中和抗体阳转率分别为85％(GMT 22.7,n=39),71％(GMT=31,n=35)和68％(GMT=14,n=34)。