Development of structurally modified OER catalysts with enhanced performance and longevity for PEM-based electrolytic air dehumidification

PEM-based electrolytic air dehumidification is innovative in dehumidification that requires high precision and small space due to its high efficiency, compactness, and cleanness. However, the system dehumidification performance and durability are limited by using commercial Anatase-IrO₂ catalysts. In this study, two types of structurally modified OER catalyst materials, ATO-IrO₂ and ND-MnO₂-IrO₂, are developed to improve the performance of the system. System experiments showed that, compared to the commercial catalysts, the use of ATO-IrO₂ and ND-MnO₂-IrO₂ as the anode catalyst can improve the dehumidification performance by 45% and 20%, respectively. Furthermore, in 50-h accelerated aging tests, the attenuation rates of the ATO-IrO₂ and ND-MnO₂-IrO₂ systems are 3% and 8% respectively, which are far lower than the 35% attenuation of commercial catalyst. The results indicate that, as catalysts with a classic core-shell structure, ATO-IrO₂ and ND-MnO₂-IrO₂ still have a significant impact on improving the performance of the electrolytic dehumidification systems.     

松材线虫病害高光谱时序与敏感特征研究

采用高光谱仪ASD FieldSpec Pro FR,连续观测了健康和发病马尾松针叶的时序高光谱,分析了松材线虫病害光谱的时序特征、敏感时期和敏感特征。结果表明:与健康马尾松相比,病害马尾松时序光谱差异较大;病害首先造成红边区域内光谱反射率减低,然后再出现红边蓝移的2阶段光谱变化规律;感染松材线虫的马尾松9月初已经出现了病态植被典型的光谱特征;近红外平台内最大的一阶微分值、红边内一阶微分的总和(SDr)与蓝边内一阶微分的总和(SDb)的比值等是指示病害发生的显著性高光谱特征。     

油松容器苗生长和生理指标的主分量分析

本试验通过主分量分析,对油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)容器苗的质量指标从生长和生理两个方面进行了综合研究。结果表明:反映油松容器苗的质量指标不同于裸根苗;油松容器苗的质量主要决定于苗木顶芽的休眠状态,体内养分状况和根团的质量;苗木的地径、顶芽干重、可溶性糖的含量是反映容器苗质量的最重要的指标,根系活力、单株干重、地上和地下干重也是主要的指标;苗高、冠幅、主根长、侧根数、鲜重以及叶绿素含量对反映油松容器苗的质量不是有效指标。     

?微生物法制备松仁肽-锌螯合物及其抗氧化功能的研究

实验研究了微生物法制备松仁肽-锌螯合物及抗氧化性质,利用松仁粕为原料制作培养基,选用枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)ls-45为发酵菌种,以硫酸锌为锌源,运用微生物法进行螯合,微生物将大分子的松仁蛋白分解为小分子肽的同时与锌离子螯合,以硫酸锌的添加量、发酵温度、发酵时间、pH 4个因素进行单因素实验和响应面实验对螯合工艺参数进行优化,以螯合率为指标,确定最佳的工艺参数为:硫酸锌添加量为0.6 g,时间为50.36 h,温度为38.46℃,pH值为7.41。得到最佳螯合率90.60%。通过体外抗氧化实验对松仁肽-锌螯合物、松仁肽、VC等物质的不同浓度进行DPPH自由基清除率、还原能力、羟自由基清除率等3个指标的测定,实验结果表明松仁肽-锌螯合物的抗氧化性均高于松仁肽,并随着质量浓度的增加而呈现量效关系,由此可以初步判断松仁肽-锌螯合物具有良好的抗氧化功能。     

HIGH TEMPERATURE DRYING FROM THE THREE PRIMARY ORTHOGONAL SURFACES OF LOBLOLLY PINE

While several permeability studies have been performed, little information is available on the flow of water in wood along its three orthogonal axes during high temperature drying. Much southern yellow pine construction lumber is dried at temperatures above 100°C, thus how water moves in wood is of concern. In this experiment individual Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) sapwood cubes were coated on two of their three orthogonal faces (longitudinal, radial, and tangential) and the effect of this sealing on the drying rate was determined. From these cubes, drying rates from each of the three primary planes were determined. The free water movement/evaporation between the radial and tangential faces was not statistically different, while the longitudinal rate was approximately three times faster. In commercial practice, the faster longitudinal rate is negated by the very small portion of transverse surface area relative to total lumber surface area. This partially explains why end checking and moisture variation in high temperature dried southern yellow pine lumber are not significant causes of degrade. There was no statistically significant difference in permeability across the seasons tested.     

针叶水溶性物质提取工艺试验

研究了从马尾松、黑松和雪岭云杉新鲜嫩枝叶提取、分离、精制水溶性物质的工艺,产品质量,以及不同原料水提取前后水溶性物质数量的变化     

DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE DIFFUSIVITY OF PINE NUT SEEDS

The mechanism of drying and the diffusion of water in fresh pine nut seeds (2.5-2.62mm diameter) were successfully interpreted and modeled by using Fick's law. The initial moisture content of fresh pine nut seed was 23-24% and drying temperatures (45-60°C) were varied, but the drying air was kept at constant velocity and humidity.

The effective diffusivity was estimated from drying rate curves and expressed by an Arhenius relation. In addition, the absorption, and desorption-isotherms for fresh pine nuts were estimated at 20°C at water activity of 0.15-1.00. The isotherms of the fresh pine nuts were estimated in experimental runs.     

Pilot-scale gasification of woody biomass

The gasification of pine and mixed-hardwood chips has been carried out in a pilot-scale system at a range of gas flow rates. Consuming ∼17-30 kgh⁻¹ of feedstock, the producer gas was composed of ∼200 dm³ m⁻³ carbon monoxide, 12 dm³ m⁻³ carbon dioxide, 30 dm³ m⁻³ methane and 190 dm³ m⁻³ hydrogen, with an energy content of ∼6 MJ m⁻³ for both feedstocks. It was found that the efficiency of the system was enhanced at higher flow rates.     

思茅松,云南松,高白度化学浆漂白程序的最佳选择

在试验条件下，采用氧化碱抽提（Ｅ０），用ＣｌＯ２部分替用Ｃ段的氯（Ｄ／Ｃ）、高温次氯酸盐漂白（Ｈ（７０））和短程序化等新技术，对思茅松云南松本色硫酸盐浆进行了高白度漂白的初步研究，试验结果认为，采用ＣＥ０ＤＰ或Ｄ（５０）／Ｃ（５０）Ｅ０ＤＰ程序，能达到８５％以上的高白度。     

思茅松硫酸盐化学浆的氧脱木素和多段漂白机理的初步研究

在漂白前进行氧脱木素，能在降低废液污染负荷的同时，还可提高浆的白度，采用ＣＥ０ＨＰ程序，仍可使思茅松硫酸盐浆在试验条件下达到８５％（ＳＢＤ）的高白度水平。红外光谱分析表明，共轭羰基和非共轭羰基等发色基团的破坏和羰基羟基等助色基团的削弱，是提高纸浆白度的主要原因。