高聚合度聚氯乙烯的加工性能

本文对高聚合度聚氯乙烯(H-PVC)的发展及其优异的物理机械性能作了简要介绍;着重分析了H-PVC的加工性能和表征方法,并讨论了分子特性和颗料特性及加工组成、加工条件对加工性能的影响,提出了改进H-PVC加工性能的方法。     

不同产地标准胶的微观结构与性能研究

本文对泰国北部20号标准胶 1#、泰国南部20号标准胶2#、马来西亚20号标准胶SMR 20和缅甸20号标准胶MSR20进行了研究。通过研究表明：在组成成分上,生胶SMR 20和2#除了含有顺式聚异戊二烯外,还含有少量的3,4结构单元。并且SMR20蛋白质的含量最高,抗热氧老化能力最强。在加工性方面,SMR20的加工性最好,凝胶含量最低,1#的加工性最差。在力学性能方面,SMR20 与1#定伸应力、拉伸强度、耐磨性优于MSR20,但抗撕裂性能比MSR20差。DMA测试结果表明SMR20抗湿滑性最好,滚动阻力小,动态力学性能最优。     

高交联度易加工硅烷交联管材专用料的研制

介绍了采用二步硅烷交联工艺制备高交联度易加工硅烷交联管材专用料的方法,讨论了基础树脂、助剂对专用料交联度和加工性能的影响;通过加入自由基捕捉剂的方法,抑制接枝反应过程中的碳-碳大分子交联,解决了二步法硅烷交联领域的技术瓶颈问题,使硅烷交联管材专用料既具有高的交联度又具有良好的加工性能.     

VMA1000胶料流动性分析仪在橡胶加工中的应用

针对目前橡胶行业普遍运用门尼黏度表征胶料加工流动性的现状,阐述了门尼黏度与流动性的不同以及产生流动性差异的原因。重点运用新型VMA1000胶料流动性分析仪,对实际胶料生产进行检测与质量控制,分析了影响胶料加工流动性的因素和流动性对橡胶加工的重要意义。     

高模量聚丙烯专用料的开发

通过在聚丙烯中添加纳米蒙脱土的改性方法,开发了高模量聚丙烯专用料。着重研究了蒙脱土活化处理及加工条件等对专用料性能的影响。结果表明,在采用蒙脱石质量分数为75%的普通蒙脱土时,专用料弯曲模量提高60%以上,冲击强度提高一倍,回缩率降低35%,并且加工性能良好。     

液体异戊橡胶作为顺丁橡胶反应型增塑剂的研究

研究了自制聚异戊二烯橡胶(LIR)、LIR-50对顺丁橡胶(BR)结构与性能的影响,并与传统增塑剂石蜡油作对比。结果表明：LIR和传统增塑剂石蜡油均能有效改善BR的加工性能,后者的增塑效果稍好;与石蜡油相比,LIR几乎完全参与硫化,是一种反应型增塑剂;LIR填充胶料的硫化胶具有较低的抽提率及稳定的物理机械性能;自制LIR和LIR-50使用效果相当。     

Recent progress in chemical modification of polyaniline

Polyaniline (PANI) has been the subject of considerable recent interest because of their unique electrical behavior, good environmental stability in doped and neutral states, ease of synthesis and wide applications in different fields. However, the main drawback of PANI is lack of solubility, which explains its limited processability due to a rigid backbone. Various procedures have been adapted to improve its processability. The major part of this review is a discussion of some of the methods employed for chemical modification of PANI, including doping via Acid–Base chemistry, sulfonation of PANI or copolymerization of aniline with sulfonated aniline derivatives, synthesis of PANI composites with processable polymers, copolymerization of aniline with substituted corresponding monomers, incorporation of polymeric chains or long and flexible alkyl chains in the PANI backbone, and enzymatic polymerization of aniline during the last decade.     

Optimization of the side-chain density to improve the charge transport and photovoltaic performances of a low band gap copolymer

Poor processability and low molecular weights are often hindering the efficient utilization of novel conjugated polymers in optoelectronic devices. Increasing the alkyl side-chain density generally enhances the polymer solubility but may affect as well its optoelectronic properties. In this work, we use density functional theory to identify ways to increase the side-chain density of donor-acceptor alternate copolymers based on 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, thiophene and thieno[3,2-b]thiophene units, without modifying there otherwise promising frontier orbital energy levels. Following the theoretical results, a new polymer could be synthesized, exhibiting good processability and improved charge transport. As a consequence, the photovoltaic device performances of this polymer family could be enhanced, reaching a 3.7% power conversion efficiency in a standard device configuration and without any post-deposition treatment.     

Tough,transparent, biocompatible and stretchable thermoplastic copolymer with high stability and processability for soft electronics

Materials with a variety of required properties, including stretchability, toughness, optical transparency, biocompatibility, processability, and recyclability are in great demand for soft electronics. Creation of such materials, however, has been hampered due to the challenges of balancing these properties. Herein, we report intrinsically stretchable thermoplastic copolymers with a random sequence of hard and soft domains in the polyimide backbone in which their superior traits are harnessed to enable the properties of the copolymer tunable and balanced. We obtained a tough and stretchable copolymer with high optical transparency, biocompatibility, thermal and chemical stability, and low water vapor transmission rate. In addition, the polymer is recyclable and shows excellent processability, allowing for the fabrication of fibers, thin films, and molded parts for soft electronics. Furthermore, the utility of the copolymer was successfully demonstrated for a wearable temperature sensor on the stretchable copolymer and a copolymer-based fully stretchable sweat collection patch, suggesting that they have great potential in soft electronics.     

瓶级聚酯质量对流变及加工性能的影响研究

研究和分析了加工温度、特性黏数、摩尔质量及其分布、间苯二甲酸含量(IPA)、二甘醇(DEG)含量等因素对瓶级聚酯流变性及加工性能的影响。结果表明,在低剪切速率下,温度的升高使熔体的切力变稀现象逐渐减弱,当剪切速率达到8 000 s-1以上时,温度及剪切速率都几乎对熔体的表观黏度没有影响;摩尔质量越高,熔体黏度的切变速率依赖性越大,摩尔质量分布宽有利于成型加工条件的控制;在相同剪切速率下,熔体的剪切黏度随着IPA含量的增大而逐渐降低;DEG含量低的聚合物熔体在低剪切速率下出现非牛顿性流动的现象比DEG含量高的要明显得多。