武器装备系统成熟度评估方法及应用

技术成熟度评估已成为美国国防采办中的重要内容之一。论文在技术成熟度评估的基础上,提出了系统成熟度评估的概念,研究了系统成熟度评估方法,并通过实例演示了系统成熟度评估方法的应用。系统成熟度评估不仅考虑到关键技术的成熟度,还包含了系统各组件间的集成情况以及全系统的成熟状态,可为武器装备的国防采办提供更为全面的决策依据,有效降低研制风险。     

用水量与初始测长时间对减缩剂性能评价的影响

目前混凝土减缩剂性能评价方法没有统一的标准,影响减缩剂性能评价因素的研究也鲜有报道.本文对影响减缩剂性能评价的两个重要因素即掺减缩剂的砂浆用水量和砂浆试件初始长度测试时间进行了探讨与试验研究.研究表明砂浆试件的用水量应根据砂浆流动度为(180±5) mm来确定;减缩剂减缩率测试中砂浆试件初始长度应该从加水后24 h拆模就立即测试.     

A review on the clad failure studies

In this paper, an attempt has been made to systematically organize the research investigations conducted on clad tube failure, so far. Before presenting the review on the clad failure studies, an introduction to different clad materials has been added, in which the effect of alloying elements on the material properties have been presented. The literature on clad failure has been broadly categorized under the headings LOCA and RIA. The failure mechanisms like creep, corrosion and pellet-clad interaction have been discussed in details. Each subsection of the review has been provided with summary table, in which the studies are arranged in the chronological order. A small section on acceptance criteria for ECCS has also been included. The last section of the review has been dedicated to the core-degradation phenomena.     

Tribology applications of surface reflectance analyzers: optical characterization of the head disk interface

In this paper, we will discuss Surface Reflectance Analyzers (SRA) and their applications in tribology. We will show how the SRA instrument can be used to locate and quantify tribological parameters, such as carbon wear and lubricant buildup, at the head/disk interface. This damage can be caused by a variety of head/disk interactions. In one case, we will demonstrate the importance of slider crown on tribological performance by quantitatively comparing the damage to the disk surface during continuous start–stop test in the laser texture zone. In another case we will demonstrate the importance of slider air bearing design in ramp load/unload tests by quantitatively comparing the amount of damage near the OD of the disk. Ramp load/unload damage manifests itself in various forms. In addition to local carbon wear and lubricant effects, there is also debris from the ramp wear and occasional “dings”. We will show how the SRA system can be used to distinguish and quantify these various types of damage.     

减缩剂对高性能砼收缩开裂性能影响的研究

本文设计了干燥收缩、自收缩、平板约束、抗氯离子渗透性以及极限拉应变等5种试验方法来考核减缩剂对高性能混凝土收缩开裂性能的影响.研究结果表明:减缩剂能够改善高性能混凝土的工作性、对混凝土的力学性能无负作用、能够有效的提高混凝土的抗裂性能.     

基于两种路选策略的地域数据通信网的研究

对采用自适应与泛搜索两种路由选择算法的地域数据通信网的性能进行了研究,用计算机仿真的方法讨论了几种在地域网设计中需要考虑的主要因素对网络吞吐量,延迟,阻塞率等指标的影响,在此基础上,对采用这两种选策略的地域数据网的性能进行了评价,最后给出了网络设计过程中两种路选策略的应用原则。     

European Commission - 7th Framework Programme: The Collaborative Project on European Sodium Fast Reactor (CP ESFR)

Fast Reactors have a unique capability as sustainable energy source; the closed fuel cycle allows significantly improving the usage of natural resources and the minimisation of volume and heat load of high-level waste. Among the fast reactor systems, the sodium-cooled fast reactor has the most comprehensive technological basis, thanks to the experience gained internationally from operating experimental, prototype and commercial size reactors.The paper summarizes the key characteristics of the four years large Collaborative Project on European Sodium Fast Reactor (CP ESFR - 2009-2012); the CP ESFR follows the 6th FP project named “Roadmap for a European Innovative SOdium cooled FAst Reactor - EISOFAR” further identifying, organizing and implementing a significant part of the needed R&D effort.The CP ESFR merges the contribution of 25 European partners; it is performed under the aegis of the 7th FP under the Area - Advanced Nuclear Systems with a refund from the European Commission of 5.8 M€ (11.55 M€ total budget). It is a key component of the European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNE TP) and its Strategic Research Agenda (SRA).The inputs for the project are the key research goals for fourth generation of European sodium cooled fast reactors which can be summarized as follows: an improved safety with in particular the achievement of a robust architecture vis à vis of abnormal situations and the robustness of the safety demonstrations; the guarantee of a financial risk similar to that of the other means of energy production; a flexible and robust management of nuclear materials and especially waste reduction through Minor Actinides burning.Within the paper relevant results of the first year of activity are succinctly presented; insights are given concerning the so called “working horses” cores and systems which have been provided by CEA and AREVA and that are used as a basis to test the performances and assess the pertinence of innovative solutions.     

聚羧酸减水剂与减缩剂的相容性研究

通过研究减缩剂对聚羧酸减水剂的塑化效果、聚羧酸减水剂对减缩剂的减缩效果以及两者同掺后对水泥基材料力学性能的影响来探讨两者的相容性.结果表明：两者在水泥基材料中的相容性良好,减缩剂对聚羧酸减水剂的塑化效果有一定提高作用,原因是减缩剂的加入会略微降低掺有聚羧酸减水剂的水泥颗粒表面的zeta电位,并且使聚羧酸的PEO支链得到伸展;聚羧酸减水剂对减缩剂的减缩效果有明显的增强作用,并且可以降低减缩剂对水泥基材料力学性能所产生的负面影响.     

Mechanism-Based Sonodynamic–Chemo Combinations against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Due to its noninvasive nature, site-confined irradiation, and high tissue penetrating capabilities, ultrasound (US)-driven sonodynamic treatment (SDT) has been proven to have broad application possibilities in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. However, the inefficient buildup of sonosensitizers in the tumor site remarkably impairs SDT efficiency. The present work proposes a deep-penetrating sonochemistry nanoplatform (Pp18-lipos@SRA737&DOX, PSDL) comprising Pp18 liposomes (Pp18-lipos, Plipo), SRA737 (a CHK1 inhibitor), and doxorubicin (DOX) for the controlled formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release of DOX and SRA737 upon US activation, therefore increasing chemotherapeutic effectiveness and boosting SDT efficacy. Therein, the antitumor activities of DOX have been attributed to its intercalation into the nucleus DNA and induction of cell apoptosis. CHK1 evolved to respond to DNA damage and repair the damage via cell cycle progression. SRA737 is a potent and orally bioavailable clinical drug candidate for inhibiting CHK1, demonstrating adjuvant anticancer effect in vitro and in vivo. It was interesting to find that SRA737 carried into Plipo@DOX could significantly alleviate G2/M cell cycle arrest and aggravate DNA double-strand injuries, resulting in significant cell death. The developed US-switchable nanosystem provides a promising strategy for augmenting sono-chemotherapy against breast cancer controllably and precisely.     

基于快速随机潮流的电力系统安全风险评估

电力系统中各种不确定性因素为安全风险评估工作带来困难,随机潮流计算可以计及这些不确定性因素。提出一种基于快速随机潮流的电力系统安全风险评估方法,通过考虑风电时序特性的短期风电功率预测方法构造风电出力多场景;在快速解耦潮流模型的基础上,考虑电力系统功频静态特性,采用以半不变量为基础的改进Von Mises方法获得各状态变量的概率分布函数。除节点电压和支路功率外,可以得到系统频率的概率分布等统计信息,通过各状态变量越限概率和产生后果的严重程度等风险指标全面评估系统风险。IEEE 39节点系统的测试结果表明该方法的计算快速有效,具有在线应用前景。