草原荒漠区红砂和珍珠猪毛菜群落分布特征分析

为探究影响红砂和珍珠猪毛菜群落空间分布的主要环境因子,采用点格局分析方法和冗余分析(RDA),分析了植物种的空间分布格局及其与环境因子之间的关系。研究结果显示：多年平均降水量的减少地点,红砂种群、珍珠猪毛菜种群的空间聚集程度减弱,向随机分布趋势转化,表现出种内促进关系逐渐减弱的适应策略;种间关联性也表现出随降水的减少物种之间的促进关系逐渐减弱。消除生境异质性后,红砂种群、珍珠猪毛菜种群均在>30 m尺度下随机分布,种群内部表现为相互独立;空间关联性整体均呈现为负相关,种间关系表现为相互竞争,降水减少的地点存在向无相关性转变的趋势。利用冗余分析识别出导致群落植被特征产生差异的主要因素是气候、土壤、海拔,因此在制定更为有效的荒漠灌木多样性保育措施时不仅要考虑植被本身的特性,也要加强对荒漠土壤环境的保护。     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化猪毛菜总黄酮及其抗氧化活性

采用不同大孔吸附树脂分离纯化猪毛菜总黄酮,并对纯化后的总黄酮进行体外抗氧化活性测试。通过考察影响树脂静态和动态吸附与洗脱的主要因素,确定猪毛菜总黄酮分离纯化优化工艺条件。静态吸附实验表明,AB-8树脂分离纯化效果较好,并且吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich方程。动态吸附和解吸的最佳工艺条件为:上样液质量浓度1.25 g/L、p H=4.5、上样流速2 m L/min、上样量2.5 BV(BV指树脂柱内装载树脂的体积)、洗脱剂为体积分数80%的乙醇溶液、洗脱流速1.0 m L/min,洗脱剂用量4 BV。所得洗脱液中黄酮质量分数从纯化前10.20%增加到纯化后51.89%,回收率为84.43%。体外实验表明,纯化后的黄酮可以清除羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基,并有较好的还原力。纯化后的黄酮可以作为一种潜在的天然抗氧化剂。     

Allelopathic potential ofSalsola kali L. and its possible role in rapid disappearance of weedy stage during revegetation

Salsola kali L. is one of the species that invades during early successional stages on mine-spoil material, but tend to disappear rapidly from the weedy stage. What controls its rapid disappearance from the weedy stage becomes a logical question.Salsola was found to be an allelopathically active species, which also decreased the growth of selected associated species during its decaying process. However, leaf leachate did not play an important role in depressing the growth of associated species.Salsola was autotoxic, but its germinatoin was not inhibited by any of the isolated phytotoxins applied. The phytotoxins identified fromSalsola leaves were caffeic, ferulic, chlorogenic, isochlorogenic, and neochlorogenic acids, and quercetin. Allelopathy may play an important role in the rapid disappearance of the weedy stage, similar to what is established for old farm lands. However, further studies are desirable.Contribution No. R780402 from Project Reclamation, University of North Dakota supported by Grant No. 0264001 from Bureau of Mines, Department of the interior to Dr. M.K. Wali.The work was partially completed when the author was a visiting research associate professor at the University of North Dakota.     

猪毛菜不同提取物对高血压模型大鼠血压和心率的影响

目的:观察猪毛菜乙醇提取物和猪毛菜生物总碱对药物诱导的高血压大鼠血压和心率的影响。方法:采用腹腔注射左旋硝基精氨酸制造大鼠高血压模型,在左旋硝基精氨酸高血压的状态下,分别给大鼠猪毛菜乙醇提取物和猪毛菜生物总碱,记录给药2周后的收缩压、舒张压和心率变化。结论:两种提取物对左旋硝基精氨酸引起的高血压模型大鼠均有降压作用,给药前后比较差异有高度显著性(p<0.01),猪毛菜生物总碱的降压效果强于乙醇提取物,确定生物总碱为其一种降压活性成分。     

猪毛菜乳酸菌饮料的研制

为开发出一种营养丰富、味美价廉的猪毛菜乳酸菌饮料,分别研究了菜汁制备时的最佳料水比以及菜汁添加量、奶粉添加量、蔗糖添加量、接种量、发酵时间和发酵温度等因素对猪毛菜乳酸菌饮料品质的影响,并通过正交实验确定出了最佳技术参数.实验结果表明,菜汁制备时,最佳料水比为1:2;猪毛菜乳酸菌饮料的最佳生产工艺为:发酵温度41℃、菜汁25%、奶粉9%,蔗糖9%、接种量为2%、发酵时间3.0h.