Do driving restriction policies effectively motivate commuters to use public transportation?

Driving restriction policies have been implemented in some large Chinese cities to cope with severe urban smog pollution. We explored the roles of policy acceptance and other factors in commuters' transport mode decisions, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. A questionnaire survey was conducted in Tianjin, China. A structural equation model was developed to test eight hypotheses, two of which were rejected. The results indicate that a driving restriction policy alone cannot effectively motivate commuters to use public transport if the policymakers fail to improve public transport, enhance commuters' awareness of consequences, increase commuters' perceived behavior control, and encourage car owners to change driving behavior. Comparisons between car owners and non-owners indicated that car owners view driving restriction policy and public transport more negatively. These negative views could be a barrier for the promotion of public transport among car owners. In addition, attitude toward public transport was found to have positive correlation with commuting time.     

异戊二烯及其光氧化产物的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究

利用傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱,测量得到了异戊二烯单体分子的光谱信息,采用Gaussion03程序,通过密度泛函方法计算得到异戊二烯的红外光谱,理论结果与实验结果符合较好.利用自制的烟雾腔模拟研究.OH自由基启动的异戊二烯光氧化过程,使用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪,测定光氧化产物的分子官能团,定性分析产物组分.结果表明产物中含有羰基化合物、C-O键化合物、醛、酮、羧酸及硝酸类有机化合物.     

陶瓷窑炭黑消除试验

针对陶瓷窑炭黑污染严重的情况，采用“两器一机”工艺，进行消烟除尘试验。结果表明，其除尘效果比较满意。     

Selecting optimal monitoring site locations for peak ambient particulate material concentrations using the MM5-CAMx4 numerical modelling system

Installation of temporary or long term monitoring sites is expensive, so it is important to rationally identify potential locations that will achieve the requirements of regional air quality management strategies. A simple, but effective, numerical approach to selecting ambient particulate matter (PM) monitoring site locations has therefore been developed using the MM5-CAMx4 air pollution dispersion modelling system. A new method, ‘site efficiency,’ was developed to assess the ability of any monitoring site to provide peak ambient air pollution concentrations that are representative of the urban area. ‘Site efficiency’ varies from 0 to 100%, with the latter representing the most representative site location for monitoring peak PM concentrations. Four heavy pollution episodes in Christchurch (New Zealand) during winter 2005, representing 4 different aerosol dispersion patterns, were used to develop and test this site assessment technique. Evaluation of the efficiency of monitoring sites was undertaken for night and morning aerosol peaks for 4 different particulate material (PM) spatial patterns. The results demonstrate that the existing long term monitoring site at Coles Place is quite well located, with a site efficiency value of 57.8%. A temporary ambient PM monitoring site (operating during winter 2006) showed a lower ability to capture night and morning peak aerosol concentrations. Evaluation of multiple site locations used during an extensive field campaign in Christchurch (New Zealand) in 2000 indicated that the maximum efficiency achieved by any site in the city would be 60-65%, while the efficiency of a virtual background site is calculated to be about 7%. This method of assessing the appropriateness of any potential monitoring site can be used to optimize monitoring site locations for any air pollution measurement programme.     

固体推进剂包覆层烟雾测试与表征技术研究

介绍了固体推进剂包覆推进剂包覆层烟雾的特征与性质,讨论了烟雾光衰减的理论本质,进而讨论了包覆层烟雾的检测手段及表征方法,指出了影响烟雾量因素,并提出了解决包覆层烟雾的方法。     

基于粒子系统烟雾的模拟

传统基于粒子系统烟雾的模拟无法模拟烟雾的扩散行为,而且需要大量粒子,因此满足不了虚拟战场逼真度和实时性的需要.提出一种基于粒子系统理论和离散浓度场相结合来模拟烟雾的算法.在粒子的属性中加人浓度属性,利用三维扩散方程的有限差分建立浓度场,浓度场的变化由浓度场内空间粒子的位置和扩散方程决定,通过浓度场的变化使粒子分裂来模拟烟雾的扩散,通过粒子的运动反映风场的作用.与传统的粒子系统相比,增加了对烟雾扩散的描述,大大降低粒子的数量,该算法保证了生成烟雾的逼真效果,满足了虚拟战场实时性需要.     

热法磷酸燃磷塔的节能分析研究

在分析国内外燃磷塔现状的基础上 ,设计了一种具有辐射换热面的节能环保型燃磷塔 ,并就燃磷塔余热利用中的两个重要参数———理论燃烧温度和烟气排放温度进行了计算     

烟雾干扰下的实时图滤波方法研究

在对当前景象匹配技术应用现状的研究基础上．针对其中的强干扰景象匹配技术,尤其是烟雾干扰下的实时图滤波技术进行阐述。烟雾干扰是造成实时图模糊不清的主要原因．致使景象匹配系统不能发挥其应有的作战效能．甚至造成误匹配。首先分析了烟雾干扰对景象匹配系统特别是实时图滤波的影响．并研究了烟雾干扰模型的主要参数及其可滤波的设计思路．在此基础上提出了相应的滤波算法并辅以Matlab平台进行了仿真分析。结果表明．该算法能够在较大程度上消除烟雾噪声．有效地改善烟雾干扰下的实时图质量．也为烟雾干扰下的实时图滤波技术提供了更为广泛的思路．     

烟雾场悬浮颗粒检测中的图象信息采集与处理

烟雾场中存在多种悬浮颗粒，这些颗粒尺寸和分布概率的测量对烟雾剂研制和性能评价十分重要但由于烟雾场自身的特殊性，测量不能沿用目前流行的技术和方法，本文阐述一种基于光学成象原理，运用ＣＣＤ摄象技术和计算机信息处理，获取场中悬浮颗粒各种数据信息的方法。     

纺织印染厂热湿车间排雾的研究

本文综述了纺织印染厂热湿车间排雾问题的研究成果。介绍了利用南向天窗，排雾塔，锯齿形厂房结构，回流式冷凝器及复合式排雾装置的排雾原理和方法，并提出了今后的研究方向。