直馏航煤赛比不合格的原因及对策

概述了直馏航煤的生产过程,并对直馏航煤出现的质量问题,考察了不合格原因,提出了解决办法。保证了直馏航煤质量合格率100%。     

氧化脱硫醇尾气净化技术的工业应用

青岛石化氧化脱硫醇尾气由直接进硫磺焚烧炉燃烧处理,改造为先采用"柴油低温临界吸收-碱液脱硫"技术处理后再进焚烧炉燃烧。"柴油低温临界吸收-碱液脱硫"技术对尾气中油气的回收率高达98%,对硫化氢和有机硫化物的去除率达99%以上。净化气进一步在焚烧炉中深度净化,排放烟气中烃的排放浓度可小于50 mg/m3。同时,尾气处理工艺经过改造后,硫磺焚烧炉排放烟气中SO2排放量和排放浓度也大大降低,为进一步降低硫磺焚烧炉排放烟气中SO2排放浓度奠定了基础。     

发酵辣椒的风味调配

通过一系列对比实验分别确定调配发酵辣椒风味所需要的鲜味剂、酸味剂和甜味剂的种类及其比例。通过正交实验 ,确定发酵辣椒的鲜味剂、酸味剂、甜味剂的最佳配方组合。     

新型脱硫吸附剂EAC—7的应用

就新型 EAC－ 7精脱硫剂的试验、原理及工业应用进行了总结。结果表明, EAC－ 7精脱硫剂在解决炼厂催化裂化液化气腐蚀不合格问题方面有很好的效果,可使液化气的铜片腐蚀由原来的 2～ 4级降为 0～ 1级, H2S浓度降到 0.3× 10－ 6以下, CH3SH浓度降至 3× 10－ 6以下,收到良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

加工用马铃薯"低温糖化"机制的研究

以克新１号马铃薯品种为材料,对贮藏期间块茎的碳水化合物,相关酶活性及造粉体膜结构的变化进行研究。结果发现：与１０℃贮藏相比,４℃贮藏条件下,还原糖和总糖的含量显著增加,成“低温糖化”现象,引起马铃炸片色泽变深;碳水化合物代谢过程中有关的淀粉酶,淀粉磷酸化酶及转化酶活性更高,更有利于淀粉向还原糖的转化;造粉体膜结构的完整性在贮藏过程中发生变化,电导率更高,膜的硬坏更为明显。     

甜味剂的应用现状及发展前景

介绍了目前国内外常用的甜味剂基本性质和应用情况 ,概述了符合人体健康的功能性甜味剂的特点和好处。阐述了功能性甜味剂既能够满足人们对甜食的偏爱又不会引起副作用 ,并能增强人体的免疫力 ,对肝病、糖尿病具有一定的辅助治疗作用。因此功能性甜味剂将成为市场主要甜味剂品种之一     

AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION INTO THE FOAMING TENDENCY OF DIETHANOLAMINE GAS SWEETENING SOLUTIONS

The foaming tendency of a 30 weight % solution of diethanolamine (DEA) in distilled water was measured over a temperature range of 20-85°C and a pressure range of 1-3 MPa in the presense of a number of contaminants including carboxylic acids, oils, 1-4 bis (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine (HEP), methanol, iron sulphide, silicone antifoam, etc. The measurements were conducted using a Jerguson high pressure sight glass contained in an air bath. Foaming was measured at gas rates up to 7.5 standard m³/d using air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and ethane. One notable observation was that the addition of most of the contaminants commonly identified as foam promoters did not create a foaming system with a clean 30% DEA solution. In fact, the only solutes that produced significant foaming were the carboxylic acids as noted previously in the literature by Pauley et al. (1989). The addition of contaminants to a foaming system did increase foam heights and stability substantially and results are presented for methanol and HEP addition to a foaming system of DEA-carboxylic acid. The effects of temperature, pressure, and gas flow rates on foam heights and foam break times were measured for a number of systems. Foaming was increased by a higher temperature and by higher pressure and was much more pronounced when carbon dioxide or ethane gases were used     

Effects of carbohydrate and noncarbohydrate sweeteners on the orange spirit volatile compounds

Various carbohydrates are permitted to sweeten spirits, whereas noncarbohydrates sweeteners are not currently approved for use. The effect of the addition of sucrose, glucose, fructose, honey, maple syrup, acesulfame K, aspartame and sorbitol on the flavor compounds of orange spirit has been studied by HS-SPME-GC analysis. Nine volatile compounds resulted affected by the sweetening: 2 aldehydes (acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde), 3 esters (ethyl-octanoate, ethyl-nonanoate and n-octyl-acetate), 2 alcohols (nonanol and linalool) and 2 hydrocarbons (δ-3-carene and valencene). Fructose, honey, acesulfame K and sorbitol had no effect on volatiles relative to an unsweetened control unlike sucrose, glucose, maple syrup and aspartame that decreased significantly (P?0.05) the headspace concentration of some volatiles. These results could be of assistance for an understanding of the role of sweeteners in the determining the extent of the volatile partition in the vapor phase affecting the flavor perception of the orange spirit.     

糖醇与低聚糖

糖醇与低聚糖同属于营养型功能性甜味型，是食用糖的替代品，两者的构成元素一样，生理特性相似，但各自又具特点，用途大致相同，应用领域主要是无糖低甜少热的保健食品，及特殊群体专用食品，发展前景十分广阔，是值得关注的两大类产品。     

Investigation of sour gas desulfurization process by nano absorber and under magnetic field in a packed tower; experimentally and theoretically

ABSTRACT

Hydrogen sulfide is a major contaminant that is expelled into the atmosphere by chemical industry. So, the mechanism for absorption of sulfur from sour gas by carbon nano-tubes in a packed bed under a magnetic field is considered, in this paper. Therefore, empirical and theoretical studies have been done to obtain the sulfur content in the outlet gas stream. The independent variables studied in this paper include: the magnetic field (1.5 amperes), initial sulfur content (0, 0.003, 0.008, 0.013, 0.05 and 0.1?mole/m³) and gas temperature (33°C, 37°C and 40°C). The gas flow rate is (0.18, 0.2 and 0.22?m³/min). The minimum amount of hydrogen sulfide in the output stream is selected as the aim of the experiments and related conditions as optimal operating conditions. Results indicate that the sulfur oxidation curves contains an approximately linearly increasing segment when the applied field intensity increases from 90 to 160?Oe, and that the sulfur oxidation percentage is improved by nearly 5.8% when the magnetic field is increased from 90 to 400?Oe. Obtained results state the optimum flow rate and temperature for maximum desulfurization is 0.22?m³/min and 40°C, respectively. Results show, the increase in the initial concentration under the operating temperature and magnetic field increases the effective mass transfer coefficient from 2.2–8.3. In addition the effective mass flux of hydrogen sulfide removal can be extended to 5.9, in this state. Finally, the experimental results have a fairly good fit with theoretical results.