Household energy consumption versus income and relative standard of living: A panel approach

Our fundamental premise is that energy consumption at the household level is a key indicator of standard of living. We employ state-of-the-art panel cointegration techniques to evaluate the nature of the relationship between income measures and energy consumption measures for seven East Indian Ocean countries. The general finding is that income and household electricity consumption are not cointegrated. Given this finding, we conclude that standard of living measures that rely on income measures and do not include household-level energy consumption information will necessarily miss important indications of both levels and changes of standard of living.     

稳定同位素井间示踪技术在深层块状稠油油藏水驱特征研究的应用

经对冷43块深层块状普通稠油水驱注水5个试验井组开展的稳定同位素示踪测试，利用中子活化技术分析样品，采用先进的示踪剂定量分析与流动模拟相互结合的方法，以示踪数值模拟为手段，评价了油井连通、油层平面及纵向上的非均质性、隔层的封隔性等因素对水驱控制程度及动用状况的影响，通过优化注水推进方向及速度，强化动态调整措施，提高了稳产基础。     

Differential Action of Connexin Hemichannel and Pannexin Channel Therapeutics for Potential Treatment of Retinal Diseases

Dysregulation of retinal function in the early stages of light-induced retinal degeneration involves pannexins and connexins. These two types of proteins may contribute to channels that release ATP, leading to activation of the inflammasome pathway, spread of inflammation and retinal dysfunction. However, the effect of pannexin channel block alone or block of both pannexin channels and connexin hemichannels in parallel on retinal activity in vivo is unknown. In this study, the pannexin channel blocker probenecid and the connexin hemichannel blocker tonabersat were used in the light-damaged rat retina. Retinal function was evaluated using electroretinography (ERG), retinal structure was analyzed using optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and the tissue response to light-induced injury was assessed immunohistochemically with antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) and Connexin43 (Cx43). Probenecid did not further enhance the therapeutic effect of connexin hemichannel block in this model, but on its own improved activity of certain inner retina neurons. The therapeutic benefit of blocking connexin hemichannels was further evaluated by comparing these data against results from our previously published studies that also used the light-damaged rat retina model. The analysis showed that treatment with tonabersat alone was better than probenecid alone at restoring retinal function in the light-damaged retina model. The results assist in the interpretation of the differential action of connexin hemichannel and pannexin channel therapeutics for potential treatment of retinal diseases.     

Temporal aggregation and spurious instantaneous causality in multiple time series models

Large aggregation interval asymptotics are used to investigate the relation between Granger causality in disaggregated vector autoregressions (VARs) and associated contemporaneous correlation among innovations of the aggregated system. One of our main contributions is that we outline various conditions under which the informational content of error covariance matrices yields insight into the causal structure of the VAR. Monte Carlo results suggest that our asymptotic findings are applicable even when the aggregation interval is small, as long as the time series are not characterized by high levels of persistence.     

挤压铸造ZA43合金组织及性能研究

研究了挤压铸造对ＺＡ４３合金组织性能的影响，分析了高压下凝固ＺＡ４３合金的组织形成过程。结果表明：挤压铸造可细化合金的铸态组织、减轻枝晶偏析，大幅度提高其力学性能；枝晶闸显微缩孔的消除是合金韧性显著改善的首要原因。     

State feedback control of continuous-time T-S fuzzy systems via switched fuzzy controllers

This paper studies the problem of state feedback control of continuous-time T-S fuzzy systems. Switched fuzzy controllers are exploited in the control design, which are switched based on the values of membership functions, and the control scheme is an extension of the parallel distributed compensation (PDC) scheme. Sufficient conditions for designing switched state feedback controllers are obtained with meeting an H_∞ norm bound requirement and quadratic D stability constraints. It is shown that the new control design method provides less conservative results than the corresponding ones via the parallel distributed compensation (PDC) scheme. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Robust model selection with flexible trimming

The forward search provides data-driven flexible trimming of a C_p statistic for the choice of regression models that reveals the effect of outliers on model selection. An informed robust model choice follows. Even in small samples, the statistic has a null distribution indistinguishable from an F distribution. Limits on acceptable values of the C_p statistic follow. Two examples of widely differing size are discussed. A powerful graphical tool is the generalized candlestick plot, which summarizes the information on all forward searches and on the choice of models. A comparison is made with the use of M-estimation in robust model choice.     

Global existence and nonexistence for degenerate parabolic equations with nonlinear boundary flux

In this paper, by constructing various kinds of sub- and super-solutions and using the basic properties of M-matrix, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions of global existence for nonnegative solutions to a degenerate parabolic system with completely coupled boundary conditions, which generalize the recent results of, for instance, Cui [Z. Cui, Critical curves of the non-Newtonian polytropic filtration equations coupled with nonlinear boundary conditions, Nonlinear Anal. 68 (2008) 3201–3208], Zhou–Mu [J. Zhou, C. Mu, Algebraic criteria for global existence or blow-up for a boundary coupled system of nonlinear diffusion equations, Appl. Anal. 86 (2007) 1185–1197] etc.     

YL43复合滤嘴成型机滤棒对称度的研究

复合棒添加材料由传统炭粉更换成茶叶末后,复合滤棒对称度出现偏大问题,研究YL43复合滤嘴成型机信号提取和信号处理的工作原理,通过改变信号提取方式,实现切割位置精准控制,从而大大降低了茶叶末型复合滤棒对称度偏大比率.     

125I种子源的剂量场分布

摘要：用美国医学物理家协会工作组43号报告（AAPM TG №43）方法计算了125I种子源体内近程治疗源吸收剂量及其 剂量场分布，并用热释光剂量计（TLD）测定了125I种子源剂量场分布。理论计算和实际测量结果均表明，种子源剂量随距离呈指数衰减，而且在10 mm内衰减很快，说明种子源剂量基本集中在近距离范围内。