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Seven zooxanthellae-free species of octocorals (the genera Acanthogorgia, Acabaria, Chironephthya, Echinogorgia, Menella, Ellisella, and Bebryce) and two zooxanthellate octocorals (the genera Paralemnalia and Rumphella) were examined to elucidate their fatty acid (FA) composition. Arachidonic (about 40% of the total FA) and palmitic acids
were predominant in all the species studied. Seven furan FA (F-acids) (up to 9.7%) were identified in the azooxanthellate
octocorals. The main F-acids were 14,17-epoxy-15-methyldocosa-14,16-dienoic and 14,17-epoxy-15,16-dimethyldocosa-14,16-dienoic
acids. In all specimens of Bebryce studeri, C25–28 demospongic FA (about 20%) were identified. These FA reflect the presence of a symbiotic sponge in B. studeri and can be used as the specific markers for other corals. A significant difference (P < 0.01) between azooxanthellate and zooxanthellate corals was found for odd-chain and methyl-branched saturated FA, 18:1n-7,
and 7-Me-16:1n-10; that indicated the presence of an advanced bacterial community in azooxanthellate corals. The zooxanthellate
species were distinguished by significant amounts of 18:3n-6, 18:4n-3, and 16:2n-7 acids, which are proposed as the markers
of zooxanthellae in soft corals. Contrary to the normal level of 24:5n-6 (9.4%) and 22:4n-6 (0.6%), unexpected low concentrations
of 24:5n-6 (0.4%) accompanied by a high content of 22:4n-6 (up to 11.9%) were detected in some specimens. The presence of
an unknown factor in octocorals, specific for n-6 PUFA, which inhibited elongation of 22:4n-6 to 24:4n-6, is conjectured. 相似文献
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Sixteen scleractinian species of six coral families (Acroporidae, Pocilloporidae, Poritidae, Faviidae, Pectiniidae, and Fungiidae)
from Vietnam were analyzed for fatty acid (FA) composition. Except for the Poritidae species, total lipids of the corals had
the same set of FAs, about 50% of them being unsaturated acids. Some coral families had high levels of characteristic FAs:
20:3(n-6), 20:4(n-3), and 22:6(n-3) in Pocilloporidae; 18:1(n-9) and 22:6(n-3) in Poritidae; and 18:3(n-6) and 22:5(n-3) in
Faviidae. For the first time in hexacorals, unsaturated C24 FAs (24:1(n-9), 24:2(n-6), 24:2(5,9), 24:3(5,9,17), and 24:4(n-3)) were discovered in the Poritidae species. The highest
level of 18:1(n-7), odd-chain and branched FAs (7.5% in total) was detected in Sandalolitha robusta. The data obtained on the contents of ten principal C18–C22 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) for the 16 specimens were combined with data on the 19 reef-building coral specimens investigated
previously and subjected to multidimensional scale analysis (MSA). The representative coral families (Acroporidae, Pocilloporidae,
Poritidae, Faviidae, Dendrophylliidae, and Milleporidae) were separated by MSA according to the composition of their principal
PUFAs. Therefore, PUFAs may serve as chemotaxonomic markers for reef-building corals at the family level. Family-specific
compositions of coral zooxanthellae characterized by different PUFA profiles, which affect the PUFA content of whole coral
colonies, were supposed to be the probable cause of the discovered chemotaxonomic distinctions between reef-building corals. 相似文献
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