苯磺隆干悬浮剂技术浅析

通过对苯磺隆干悬浮剂项目的研究,进一步了解干悬浮剂的加工工艺和配方中各种助剂的相互作用;剖析助剂对主要技术指标的影响。     

CpG-ODN对乙肝核酸疫苗及重组疫苗免疫效果的影响

目的研究CpG寡聚脱氧核苷酸(CpGODN)对乙肝核酸疫苗及重组(CHO细胞)疫苗免疫效果的影响。方法核酸疫苗实验组用CpGODN与乙肝核酸疫苗联合免疫BALBc小鼠,阳性对照组注射核酸疫苗,阴性对照组注射质粒pVAX1;重组疫苗分4个实验组,用CpGODN与不同剂量的重组疫苗配伍后分别免疫BALBc小鼠,阳性对照组注射重组疫苗,阴性对照组注射生理盐水。应用ELISA检测小鼠血清中的抗HBs水平。结果CpG与乙肝核酸疫苗组抗体阳转率比阳性对照组提高3倍,抗体水平提高2倍。CpG与重组疫苗组的阳转率和阳转时间均高于或早于CpG与核酸疫苗实验组。加入CpGODN后,即使重组疫苗用量减少3倍,诱导抗体水平和阳转率均无明显改变。结论CpGODN可提高乙肝核酸疫苗和重组疫苗的免疫效果,并使抗体产生的时间提前。     

助剂对嗪草酸甲酯的增效作用

在温室条件下研究了13种助剂对嗪草酸甲酯防除曼陀罗和稗草的增效作用。结果表明无机盐助剂中的硫酸铵、表面活性剂中的有机硅Silwet618、油类助剂中的油酸异丁酯有较好的增效作用。     

Optimising the oil phases of aluminium hydrogel-stabilised emulsions for stable,safe and efficient vaccine adjuvant

To increase antibody secretion and dose sparing, squalene-in-water aluminium hydrogel (alum)-stabilised emulsions (ASEs) have been developed, which offer increased surface areas and cellular interactions for higher antigen loading and enhanced immune responses. Nevertheless, the squalene (oil) in previous attempts suffered from limited oxidation resistance, thus, safety and stability were compromised. From a clinical translational perspective, it is imperative to screen the optimal oils for enhanced emulsion adjuvants. Here, because of the varying oleic to linoleic acid ratio, soybean oil, peanut oil, and olive oil were utilised as oil phases in the preparation of aluminium hydrogel-stabilised squalene-in-water emulsions, which were then screened for their stability and immunogenicity. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms of oil phases and emulsion stability were unravelled, which showed that a higher oleic to linoleic acid ratio increased anti-oxidative capabilities but reduced the long-term storage stability owing to the relatively low zeta potential of the prepared droplets. As a result, compared with squalene-in-water ASEs, soybean-in-water ASEs exhibited comparable immune responses and enhanced stability. By optimising the oil phase of the emulsion adjuvants, this work may offer an alternative strategy for safe, stable, and effective emulsion adjuvants.     

桶混助剂的研发应用与发展趋势

桶混助剂又称作喷雾助剂,是一种农药使用时与制剂产品搭配使用,现混现用的助剂.桶混助剂种类和功能多样,科学合理使用桶混助剂是实现农药减量增效,提高农药利用率的最有效手段之一.笔者对我国农药桶混助剂的开发、性能测试、质量控制和技术应用做了全面介绍,并对桶混助剂可能涉及的相关管理法规和未来发展趋势做了分析.这对于桶混助剂的开...     

论除草剂草甘膦和助剂

本文论述了除草剂草甘膦特性，制剂技术，除草活性和助剂的作用并介绍了专用助剂ＵＣ－１２的研制和开发。     

薄壁套筒的车削加工

薄壁工件刚性差,加工中由于切削力、夹紧力和切削热的作用,易产生变形,影响加工精度和表面粗糙度。通过对装夹方式、刀具材料、刀具几何角度和切削用量四个方面进行研究,旨在探讨薄壁工件的变形程度,并寻求恰当的车削加工方法。实验结果显示,对尺寸较大的薄壁工件采用中心架和辅助支承;YT15硬质合全精车刀、较大的精车刀前角、90°主偏角和较高的精车切削速度,加工出的工件尺寸精度和表面质量都相当高,完全符合要求。     

非交联缔合结构压裂液新型增黏辅剂优选与性能评价

研究了以疏水缔合聚合物GRF-1H为稠化剂的非交联缔合结构压裂液基液与疏水尾基碳原子个数分别为6、10、14的新型非离子表面活性剂(GS-1、GS-2、GS-3)复配后体系表观黏度的变化规律,优选出了适用于该压裂液的增黏辅剂GS-3;确定了该辅剂的最佳浓度及适用温度范围;评价了其对压裂液基液黏性及黏弹性的影响。实验结果表明,加入微量(0.03%率0.05%)GS-3即可大幅提升基液表观黏度,其最佳浓度为体系峰值表观黏度对应的浓度,适用温度范围为30率90℃;在测试浓度范围内,随GS-3浓度增加,体系表观黏度先增大后减小,变化趋势符合Biggs三阶段模型;温度从30℃增至120℃时,体系表观黏度先增大后减小,63℃下的增黏率最大(168%);GS-3还可大幅提升基液黏弹性,储能模量可提升1率10倍;使用GS-3作为增黏辅剂,可达到降低压裂液稠化剂用量的目的。     

离子液体辅助水热法制备TiO_2/CoFe_2O_4复合材料及光催化性能

以离子液体([C_4MIM]BF_4)为辅助剂、铁酸钴为磁核,用水热法制备了可磁分离TiO_2/CoFe_2O_4新型复合光催化材料。利用X射线衍射、N_2吸附-脱附和透射电子显微镜对样品进行表征;以亚甲基蓝溶液为模拟污染物,在模拟太阳光下考察样品光催化性能。结果表明:加入离子液体制备的TiO_2/CoFe_2O_4样品具有介孔结构,TiO_2稳定的包覆在CoFe_2O_4上,其比表面积可达238.3 m~2/g;在模拟太阳光下照射2 h,对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达97.9%。样品经磁场回收后重复使用3次光降解率为96.1%,依然保持较高的光催化活性。     

Adjuvant Immune Enhancement of Subunit Vaccine Encoding pSCPI of Streptococcus iniae in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) is an important agricultural fish that has been plagued by Streptococcus iniae (S. iniae) infections in recent years, some of them severe. C5a peptidase is an important virulent factor of S. iniae. In this study, the subunit vaccine containing the truncated part of C5a peptidase (pSCPI) was mixed with aluminum hydroxide gel (AH), propolis adjuvant (PA), and Freund’s Incomplete Adjuvant (FIA). The immunogenicity of the pSCPI was detected by Western-blot in vitro. The relative percent survival (RPS), lysozyme activity, antibody titers, and the expression of the related immune genes were monitored in vivo to evaluate the immune effects of the three different adjuvants. The results showed that pSCPI exerted moderate immune protection (RPS = 46.43%), whereas each of the three adjuvants improved the immune protection of pSCPI. The immunoprotection of pSCPI + AH, pSCPI + PA, and pSCPI + FIA was characterized by RPS values of 67.86%, 75.00% and, 85.71%, respectively. Further, each of the three different adjuvanted pSCPIs stimulated higher levels of lysozyme activity and antibody titers than the unadjuvanted pSCPI and/or PBS buffer. In addition, pSCPI + FIA and pSCPI + PA induced expression of the related immune genes under investigation, which was substantially higher than the levels stimulated by PBS. pSCPI + AH significantly stimulated the induction of MHC II β, CD4-L2, and IFN-γ, while it induced slightly higher production of TNF-α and even led to a decrease in the levels of IL-1β, MHC I α, and CD8 α. Therefore, we conclude that compared with the other two adjuvants, FIA combined with pSCPI is a more promising candidate adjuvant against S. iniae in channel catfish.