绶草营养器官解剖结构研究

利用石蜡切片和徒手切片,在光学显微镜下,观察了绶草根、茎、叶的形态结构。结果表明：绶草的叶是等面叶,上下表皮细胞都有较厚的角质层以及加厚的外壁,上表皮无气孔,而下表皮则分布着结构特殊的气孔器且数量很多,在个别叶肉组织细胞中分布有针晶簇;根内皮层细胞径向面强烈加厚,凯氏点非常明显。根中央被一个大导管所占据;茎由表皮、基本组织,机械组织和维管束组成;维管束排列成两轮,分布在基本组织中。     

Anatomical distribution of heavy metals in the scallop Pecten maximus

This paper studied the anatomical distribution of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), silver (Ag), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the scallop Pecten maximus and the possible implications in terms of shellfish management. Six organs were analysed: mantle, gills, foot, digestive gland, kidney and gonad. On the basis of their anatomical distribution, two groups of metals were able to be distinguished: the first included Pb, Hg, Ni, Zn and Ag; and the second comprised the four other metals studied. The metals in the first group preferentially accumulated in the kidney (except for Pb), with generally much lower concentrations in the other organs. The metals in the second group accumulated mainly in the digestive gland. As and Cu were included in the second group, but they also had particular inter-organ distribution characteristics. Among the edible organs of the scallop only the adductor muscle contained important proportions of one metal, As (which is very likely accumulated as a non-toxic derivative). A selective evisceration of the metal rich non-edible organs may therefore be considered a reliable measure to be taken with a view to reduce the metal content of scallops used for human consumption. This could be especially relevant for Cd, which is accumulated in high concentrations in the digestive gland.     

Development of in vitro models to demonstrate the ability of PecSys®, an in situ nasal gelling technology,to reduce nasal run-off and drip

Many of the increasing number of intranasal products available for either local or systemic action can be considered sub-optimal, most notably where nasal drip or run-off give rise to discomfort/tolerability issues or reduced/variable efficacy. PecSys, an in situ gelling technology, contains low methoxy (LM) pectin which gels due to interaction with calcium ions present in nasal fluid. PecSys is designed to spray readily, only forming a gel on contact with the mucosal surface. The present study employed two in vitro models to confirm that gelling translates into a reduced potential for drip/run-off: (i) Using an inclined TLC plate treated with a simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES), mean drip length [±SD, n = 10] was consistently much shorter for PecSys (1.5?±?0.4?cm) than non-gelling control (5.8?±?1.6?cm); (ii) When PecSys was sprayed into a human nasal cavity cast model coated with a substrate containing a physiologically relevant concentration of calcium, PecSys solution was retained at the site of initial deposition with minimal redistribution, and no evidence of run-off/drip anteriorly or down the throat. In contrast, non-gelling control was significantly more mobile and consistently redistributed with run-off towards the throat. Conclusion: In both models PecSys significantly reduced the potential for run-off/drip ensuring that more solution remained at the deposition site. In vivo, this enhancement of retention will provide optimum patient acceptability, modulate drug absorption and maximize the ability of drugs to be absorbed across the nasal mucosa and thus reduce variability in drug delivery.     

Sex- and site-dependent variations in the thickness and mechanical properties of human skin in vivo

A new method for the in vivo characterization of the physical properties of skin is presented. This comprises an ultrasound device to measure the vertical displacement of the surface of the skin, as well as its thickness and that of the hypodermis under suction. In combination with this, a mathematical model is used to calculate the following skin parameters: Young's modulus, the initial stress and an index of non-elasticity. These parameters were evaluated from the volar forearm and the forehead of 30 male and 30 females, of similar ages (28 +/- 6-years-old). The sensitivity of the testing procedure, allowing the characterization of the mechanical parameters of the skin, easily differentiated these two sites, and in some cases, differences between women and men were demonstrated. The main results showed for both sexes that the thickness (P = 0.0001), Young's modulus (P = 0.0001), and the index of non-elasticity (P = 0.0001) were greater for the forehead than for the ventral forearm, but that the initial stress was lower (P = 0.0001). The results show that the skin is thicker, stiffer and less tense and elastic on the forehead than on the ventral forearm, suggesting structural differences between these two sites (collagen fibre network, elastic fibres, epidermis, stratum corneum, microvascularization, actinic damage, presence of sebaceous glands, etc.). It is hoped that this device will be useful for the evaluation of certain skin disorders (scleroderma, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, cutis laxa, oedema, etc.) and their therapy, as well as being a useful tool in skin ageing and cosmetic product assessment.     

尾巨桉家系木材的解剖结构及纤维形态研究

对8个尾巨桉家系木材的解剖结构及纤维形态学参数进行了研究。结果表明：尾巨桉木材属阔叶散孔材，生长轮界限不易区分，木射线异形单列。尾巨桉家系木材纤维长度值主要集中在800—1100μm之间，且在个体水平上分布范围广。从纤维长度、长宽比及壁腔比三方面来评价，尾巨桉木材纤维能满足纤维工业原料的要求，是制浆造纸和纤维板生产的良好原料。     

Overview: Signal production and detection.

Studies of signal production and detection are complicated by the diverse modalities used by animals, constraints of human signal perception, and limitations of a controlled laboratory environment. These complications can be addressed by creative approaches to studying anatomical adaptations for signal production and detection, innovative technology, and careful studies of signal production and detection in the field. These solutions should overcome the perceptual limitations of researchers as they explore Umwelten in other species. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Interprofessional relations or psychologists and psychiatrists are human too, only more so.

"Problems of interprofessional relations have been more productive of furor than fact." "Graduate students in psychology are expected to be skeptical and questioning; medical students begin their training with the absorption of static anatomical knowledge which has undergone little change in years." Psychiatry "… seems to represent the established order, and clinical psychology the force which seeks to change it." Conflicts stemming from differences in professional and social roles, from differences in professional training and potential roles, from differences in the preparation for and practice of pychotherapy, and from problems of collaborative research are discussed. Prospects for the future are considered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

抽水蓄能发电机定子线棒绝缘击穿故障分析

通过对抽水蓄能机组定子绝缘击穿故障线棒进行解剖分析和理化性能测试,研究线棒受损的外力来源,结合机组安装期线棒下线情况及端部成型工艺,应用有限元结构分析程序ANSYS仿真计算线棒端部校形受力情况,提出线棒校形会对出槽口处的绝缘产生受力集中点,击穿面绝缘内部产生裂纹并逐渐由内向外劣化,最终导致线棒绝缘击穿事件的发生。     

三维人体测量技术标准比较

通过分析国内外公布的三维人体测量标准,基于人体解剖点的定义简要对比了三雏人体测量标准与服装用人体测量标准。分别采用美国[TC]2三维扫描仪与马丁测量仪测量160／84A女体,对比分析16个人体部位的尺寸,得出测量姿势与基准点的位置是影响三维尺寸差异的主要因素。