NiFe layered double hydroxide as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen

Two electron oxygen reduction reaction to produce hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a promising alternative technique to the multistep and high energy consumption anthraquinone process. Herein, Ni–Fe layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) has been firstly demonstrated as an efficient bifunctional catalyst to prepare H₂O₂ by electrochemical oxygen reduction (2e^? ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Significantly, the NiFe-LDH catalyst possesses a high faraday efficiency of 88.75% for H₂O₂ preparation in alkaline media. Moreover, the NiFe-LDH catalyst exhibits excellent OER electrocatalytic property with small overpotential of 210 mV at 10 mA cm^?2 and high stability in 1 M KOH solution. On this basis, a new reactor has been designed to electrolyze oxygen and generate hydrogen peroxide. Under the ultra-low cell voltage of 1 V, the H₂O₂ yield reaches to 47.62 mmol g_cat^?1 h^?1. In order to evaluate the application potential of the bifunctional NiFe-LDH catalyst for H₂O₂ preparation, a 1.5 V dry battery has been used as the power supply, and the output of H₂O₂ reaches to 83.90 mmol g_cat^?1 h^?1. The excellent electrocatalytic properties of 2e^? ORR and OER make NiFe-LDH a promising bifunctional electrocatalyst for future commercialization. Moreover, the well-designed 2e^? ORR-OER reactor provides a new strategy for portable production of H₂O₂.     

Characterization of barium titanate reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites for flexible electronic applications: influences of barium titanate content

The aim of this study was to develop high dielectric constant flexible polymers with a highly efficient and cost‐effective approach using acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) as the polymer matrix and barium titanate (BT) as the high dielectric constant filler. The BT powder was synthesized with a solid‐state reaction and was characterized using a particle size analyzer, XRD, SEM and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. NBR/BT composites were fabricated using an internal mixer with various BT loadings up to 160 phr. The influence of BT loading on the cure characteristics and mechanical, dynamic mechanical, thermal, dielectric and morphological properties was determined. The incorporation of BT in the NBR matrix shortened scorch time and increased delta torque. The mechanical properties, thermal stability and dielectric constant were greatly improved and increased with BT loading. The results suggest that the reinforcement effect was achieved due to strong hydrogen bonding or polar–polar interactions between NBR matrix and BT filler. This is further corroborated by the good dispersion of BT filler in the NBR matrix observed with SEM imaging. These findings can be applied to produce high‐performance dielectric elastomers. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry     

RF磁控溅射制备钛酸锶钡BST纳米薄膜

钛酸锶钡(BST)薄膜作为一种高K介质材料在微电子和微机电系统等领域具有广阔的应用前景,人们已对BST薄膜的制备工艺技术和介电性能进行了大量的研究。BST纳米薄膜的制备工艺直接影响和决定着薄膜的介电性能(介电常数、漏电流密度、介电强度等)。对RF磁控反应溅射制备BST纳米薄膜的工艺技术进行了综述。从溅射靶的制备、溅射工艺参数的优化、热处理、薄膜组分的控制,及制备工艺对介电性能的影响等方面,对现有研究成果进行了较全面的总结。     

对海水进行混凝除浊预处理研究

介绍采用聚合氯化铁（PFC）为絮凝剂，对海水进行混凝除浊预处理方法。考察了原海水pH、搅拌速度、反应时间及PFC用量对海水预处理效果的影响。结果表明，在原海水pH凋至9．0，搅拌速度控制在200min^-1，反应时间选择8—10min，PFC用量0．10μg／g的最佳条件下，能使处理后的海水浊度降至0．05mol／L，而联产的酸性废水中和剂浆料中Mg（OH）2含量在25％～45％，大肠菌群的去除率大于89．3％。     

软锰矿氧化硫化钡制高纯碳酸锰和氢氧化钡工艺研究

软锰矿同硫化钡溶液在较低温度下进行氧化还原反应，当硫化钡含量控制在26-75g／L范围内，软锰矿与硫化钡的物质的量比为2．5-3，反应时间50-60min，软锰矿被硫化钡还原为MnO，其还原率可达93．5％以上；还原后的锰用硫酸浸取，溶液经除杂后，与碳酸铵反应而制成高纯碳酸锰。硫化钡则被氧化为氢氧化钡，经蒸发、结晶而制得入水氢氧化钡，其回收利用率高速95％。     

2-乙基己酸的制备

研究了 2乙基己酸的制备 ,该反应是 2乙基己醇与氢氧化钠在催化剂存在下进行氧化、脱氢 ,生成产物2乙基己酸。通过实验找到了一种新型、高效、廉价的催化剂 ,以及最佳反应条件。通过对 2乙基己酸的分析测试 ,产品完全符合质量标准。     

高镁边缘磷矿制取阻燃剂氢氧化镁的工艺

为解决大量的高镁低磷边缘磷矿废渣堆存对环境的影响,开发了以其为原料制取阻燃剂氢氧化镁工艺.该工艺主要包括酸解磷矿和镁沉淀过程,重点讨论了沉淀氢氧化镁过程中时间、温度、氨镁摩尔比n(NH3/MgO)等多种因素的影响,得到的最佳工艺条件是:反应温度65℃,反应时间80min,n(NH3/MgO)为5∶ 1,镁的沉淀效率为80%.     

络合沉淀法制备BaTiO_3超细粉末

在分析ＢａＴｉＯ_３前驱体形成机理的基础上，提出了以草酸作为络合剂，用络合沉淀法制备超细ＢａＴｉＯ_３新工艺。用化学分析法测定产物Ｂａ／Ｔｉ比，用ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ、ＢＩ－９０激光散射粒度仪对产物的晶型、粒度及形貌进行表征。结果表明：采用该法合成的前驱体，微观组分确定，粒径小，粒度分布窄，近似球形，煅烧后为高纯超细ＢａＴｉＯ_３粉末。     

Catalytic oxidation of sulfide ions over nickel hydroxides

The catalytic sulfide ion oxidation by oxygen to elemental sulfur over β-Ni(OH)₂ and LiNiO₂ has been studied. As a result of experimental investigation performed, a reaction mechanism is suggested which involves heterogeneous and homogeneous processes. Dioxygen activation in the heterogeneous process proceeds via a redox Ni²⁺ ↔ Ni³⁺ transition and participation of OH⁻ groups. The active HO⁻₂ species thus formed carries on the reaction in homogeneous phase. Nickel hydroxides are promising catalysts for practical application.