中铝河南分公司矿山在土地复垦中的有益探索

分析了铝土矿露天开采和土地、环境之间的利害关系，并对矿山公司“土地复垦”工艺技术进行了阐述，介绍了中铝河南分公司矿山公司方面的具体作法和成功经验。     

高铁三水铝石型铝土矿的烧结特性

以Al2O3含量为26.35%,总Fe含量为31.22%,铝硅比为3.17的某高铁三水铝石型铝土矿为原料,研究了碱度、焦粉用量、混合料水分等对烧结矿质量指标的影响。结果表明:烧结矿碱度增加时,其转鼓强度和成品率下降,烧结矿自粉化程度加重;焦粉用量增加时,烧结矿转鼓强度和成品率提高;当混合料水分为9.0%、焦粉用量为8.0%、烧结矿碱度为4时,烧结矿转鼓强度为69.1%,成品率为81.2%,垂直烧结速度为30 mm/min,利用系数为1.2 t/(h.m2);烧结矿碱度为4时,样品存放2天粉化率为5%,烧结矿平均粒度由22.2 mm减小到21.9 mm,延长存放时间,烧结矿自粉化率增大,平均粒度显著减小。该烧结矿的冶金性能能基本满足高炉冶炼的要求。     

铝矾土陶瓷材料的试制

利用丰富的铝矾土原料在1350℃的烧成温度下试制出一种热稳定性极好的陶瓷材料。     

Bauxite residue (red mud) increases phosphorus retention in sandy soil catchments in Western Australia

The Peel-Harvey estuary on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia has become eutrophic partly because of the leaching of fertiliser phosphorus from sandy soils. The acid, coarse textured sandy soils are predominantly quartz, have a low iron and aluminium content and do not retain phosphorus. Red mud, derived from bauxite, is a by-product of the alumina industry and has the ability to retain phosphorus. Retention of phosphorus is enhanced when the red mud is neutralised with gypsum. Red mud has been suggested as a soil amendment to reduce phosphorus leaching.To investigate the reduction in the leaching of phosphorus from soils amended with red mud, weirs were constructed at the outlets from a pair of catchments to quantify the amount of phosphorus in the streamflow. Both catchments were deep grey Bassendean sand. One of the catchments was treated with 80 t/ha of red mud which had been neutralised with waste gypsum from the phosphate industry. The red mud was applied to the soil surface using conventional fertiliser spreading equipment. The other catchment was untreated.The red mud reduced phosphorus loss by 70% from 13.8 kg/ha on the untreated catchment, to 4.2 kg/ha on the treated catchment. Both catchments were treated with 20.4 kg/ha of phosphorus as superphosphate. The catchment treated with red mud also received a further 41.5 kg/ha of phosphorus from the phosphogypsum that was used to neutralise the red mud.Our results show that red mud reduces phosphorus leaching and is potentially a nutrient management option in sandy soils. Red mud has the potential to reduce the impact of agriculture on the estuarine environment and has implications for the continued expansion and intensification of agriculture in the Peel-Harvey catchment.     

我国铝土矿资源开发利用现状及其产业研究

矿产资源是人类社会进步与经济发展的重要物质基础,也是可持续发展不可缺乏的重要资源,它的不可再生性和发展的可持续性要求我们必须以最小的能源消耗来实现最大化的经济发展.作者以铝土矿为例,对其资源开发利用情况及产业发展现状进行了研究.     

原料预均化及其在优质矾土生产中的应用

原料预均化的基本原理为“平铺直取”．标准偏差和均化效果是考核均化过程的两个重要指标。标准偏差越小表示物料成分越均匀。原料预均化方式有多种，料仓式原料预均化库综合了各种方式的优点，它具有投资少，密封性好，占地面积小，无粉尘，操作条件和均化效果好等特点。     

提高铝资源保障能力的战略思考

铝是国民经济建设、战略新兴产业发展不可或缺的重要基础原材料,不仅在建筑结构、交通运输、电力电子、日用包装等国民经济领域得到了广泛的应用,同时也是国防军工和高新技术产业的重要支撑材料,在发展循环经济、推进节能减排、保护生态环境等进程中也发挥着重要作用。近年来,中国铝土矿资源立足国内国外两个市场,由国内开采拓展到全球化资源配置。国内铝土矿资源保障能力不足导致进口依存度已经超过50%,未来还将进一步提升。随着铝工业的快速发展及资源的快速消耗,中国面临的铝资源保障问题日益突出。本文在详细分析中国铝土矿资源及开采情况、进口铝土矿资源的特点以及海外资源获取情况的基础上,结合中国铝工业发展的现状和未来发展趋势,提出了提高中国铝资源保障措施建议。     

露天铝土矿山粉尘治理措施

介绍了露天矿山铝土生产流程、产尘源及产尘设备。针对各产尘源的治理进行了分步分析。提出了治理措施。从而有效降低了铝土露天矿山生产过程中外排及岗位粉尘浓度。     

X射线荧光光谱在铝矿石赤泥组分分析中的应用

文介绍X射线荧光光谱在铝矿石，赤泥等材料组分分析中的应用。采用熔融玻璃片和粉末压片法制样，用理论α系数和散射线内标法校正元素间的效应。使用PW2403x射线光谱仪对样品中的Al2O3、SiO2、Fe2O3、TiO2、K2O、NB2O、CaO、MgO、P2O5、灼减、MnO、S、Pb、Zn、Sr、Zr、V、Ga、Cr等19个元素进行测定，其分析结果的精密度和准确度可与化学法相媲美。     

基于矿物晶体结构的铝土矿细菌浸矿机制研究

采用环状芽孢杆菌CGMCC12对5种含不同结构硅酸盐矿物的铝土矿样进行了生物脱硅研究.选用铝土矿中常见的橄榄石、高岭石、钾长石及河南铝土矿作为细菌溶蚀作用对象,采用电镜及XRD衍射技术,研究细菌对它们的分解作用差异.结果表明:浸矿12d,细菌对橄榄石、高岭石及石英型铝土矿脱硅作用显著,铝硅比(A/S)分别从7.12,6.11,2.89提高到16.15,11.61,13.56,而对钾长石型铝土矿及河南铝土矿脱硅效果较差,A/S分别从3.69和4.90仅提高到4.64和7.30;细菌对试验用硅酸盐矿物的溶蚀破坏作用由易至难依次为橄榄石、高岭石、钾长石;在细菌作用下,橄榄石向水镁石与石英转化,钾长石向伊利石转化,高岭石向水铝石与石英转化;多种矿物同时存在的情况下,细菌对不同晶体结构的硅酸盐矿物的分解有一定的选择性,对较易分解的矿物破坏作用较快,细菌会优先选择分解含Fe,Ca等生命元素的赤铁矿与方解石等矿物.