Organic Semiconducting Luminophores for Near-Infrared Afterglow,Chemiluminescence, and Bioluminescence Imaging

Optical imaging has played a pivotal role in deciphering in vivo bioinformatics but is limited by shallow penetration depth and poor imaging performance owing to interfering tissue autofluorescence induced by concurrent photoexcitation. The emergence of near-infrared (NIR) self-luminescence imaging independent of real-time irradiation has timely addressed these problems. There are two main kinds of self-luminescent agents, namely inorganic and organic luminophores. Inorganic luminophores usually suffer from long-term biotoxicity concerns resulting from potential heavy-metal ions leakage and nonbiodegradability, which hinders their further translational application. In contrast, organic luminophores, especially organic semiconducting luminophores (OSLs) with good biodegradable potential, tunable design, and outstanding optical properties, are preferred in biological applications. This review summarizes the recent progress of OSLs used in NIR afterglow, chemiluminescence, and bioluminescence imaging. Molecular manipulation and nanoengineering approaches of OSLs are discussed, with emphasis on strategies that can extend the emission wavelength from visible to NIR range and amplify luminescence signals. This review concludes with a discussion of current challenges and possible solutions of OSLs in the self-luminescence field.     

Multicomponent Bioluminescence Imaging with Naphthylamino Luciferins

Bioluminescent tools have been used for decades to image processes in complex tissues and preclinical models. However, few distinct probes are available to probe multicellular interactions. We and others are addressing this limitation by engineering new luciferases that can selectively process synthetic luciferin analogues. In this work, we explored naphthylamino luciferins as orthogonal bioluminescent probes. Three analogues were prepared using an optimized synthetic route. The luciferins were found to be robust emitters with native luciferase in vitro and in cellulo. We further screened the analogues against libraries of luciferase mutants to identify unique enzyme-substrate pairs. The new probes can be used in conjunction with existing bioluminescent tools for multi-component imaging.     

光学生物传感器用于快速检测卡介苗活菌数研究

基于三磷酸腺苷(ATP)光学反应原理,结合实验室自制的光学生物传感器,构建了一种快速检测卡介苗(BCG)活菌数的方法。选用加热裂解法提取BCG活菌内ATP,对BCG疫苗进行了检测。结果表明,BCG活菌浓度与相对发光强度(RLU)线性相关,相关系数为0.9908(P<0.01),其ATP含量与文献报道的结果处于同一数量级(10-18mol/CFU)。检测方法的相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.17%。检测样品仅需30μL,检测时间小于30min。与国外商业化检测系统的测试结果线性相关,相关系数为0.9676(P<0.01)。这种方法简便快速,在BCG疫苗及其他活菌疫苗质量控制方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

基于非截断小波有限元的BLT正向问题研究

针对自发荧光断层成像,提出了一种非截断小波有限元算法.该算法采用单元间非截断组合小波基来逼近未知函数,从理论上解决了二维和三维下复杂形状体的剖分,并成功地应用于自发荧光断层成像正向问题中圆柱和圆球仿体的研究.理论分析和数值仿真结果表明,与传统有限元的数值解相比,该算法在获得同样有效解的情况下减少了单元剖分数,降低了计算的复杂度.     

基于FPGA的高精度光子计数检测系统研究

为了实现微弱光信号的高精度检测,设计了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的光子计数检测系统.采用高灵敏度的光电倍增管作为光电转换器件,有效地实现微弱光信号的获取与处理.基于FP-GA,设计了时序控制模块、光子计数模块、串口通信模块、存储模块和键盘扫描控制模块,完成信号的处理与存储.使用该系统对三磷酸腺苷(ATP)样品...     

Serum Amyloid A3 Promoter-Driven Luciferase Activity Enables Visualization of Diabetic Kidney Disease

The early detection of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in mice is necessary for the development of drugs and functional foods. The purpose of this study was to identify genes that are significantly upregulated in the early stage of DN progression and develop a novel model to non-invasively monitor disease progression within living animals using in vivo imaging technology. Streptozotocin (STZ) treatment has been widely used as a DN model; however, it also exhibits direct cytotoxicity to the kidneys. As it is important to distinguish between DN-related and STZ-induced nephropathy, in this study, we compared renal responses induced by the diabetic milieu with two types of STZ models: multiple low-dose STZ injections with a high-fat diet and two moderate-dose STZ injections to induce DN. We found 221 genes whose expression was significantly altered during DN development in both models and identified serum amyloid A3 (Saa3) as a candidate gene. Next, we applied the Saa3 promoter-driven luciferase reporter (Saa3-promoter luc mice) to these two STZ models and performed in vivo bioluminescent imaging to monitor the progression of renal pathology. In this study, to further exclude the possibility that the in vivo bioluminescence signal is related to renal cytotoxicity by STZ treatment, we injected insulin into Saa3-promoter luc mice and showed that insulin treatment could downregulate renal inflammatory responses with a decreased signal intensity of in vivo bioluminescence imaging. These results strongly suggest that Saa3 promoter activity is a potent non-invasive indicator that can be used to monitor DN progression and explore therapeutic agents and functional foods.     

超滤装置在生物制品中的应用

本文论述了生物大分子活性物质对超滤装置的基本要求。总结了我国生物工程一些领域使用超滤技术的概况、HFS 系列生物用超滤装置的设计功能及该系列装置在我国应用情况。     

基于超弱延迟发光的小麦生活力检测方法研究

以郑麦9023为试验对象,研究了不同生活力和不同测试条件下小麦样品超弱延迟发光的变化情况。通过人工快速陈化的方法获得不同生活力的小麦样品,对这些小麦样品的延迟发光特性进行系统研究,在此基础上以温度为例研究了测试条件对小麦延迟发光的影响。结果表明,同一品种不同生活力小麦样品的延迟发光能力差异明显,小麦的延迟发光强度与其生活力显著负相关,生活力越强,其延迟发光能力越弱;小麦的延迟发光能力受其自身温度的影响显著,随着温度的升高,其延迟发光能力减弱。本研究发现,利用超弱延迟发光进行小麦生活力检测是可行的,但需要对测试条件进行严格控制。     

生物荧光技术在乳品工业中的应用

就生物发光法及细菌发光法的检测机理、检测程序及其技术特点进行了综述，并就其研究发展展开了讨论。