纸浆漂白废水中有机氯化物的排放与控制

本文概述了纸浆漂白废水的特性，以及影响其有机氯化物发生量的因素。     

Electrolytic regeneration of bleach solution in the motion picture industry

Cyclic voltammetric and galvanostatic experiments have been carried out with both synthetic and commercial bleach solutions with a view to regenerating the same. Maximum efficiency could be achieved if the oxidation is carried out below an anodic potential of 0·80 V vs SCE. The data obtained in galvanostatic experiments with RCE confirm the results of the earlier technique.     

静态混合器在生物多糖脱色中的应用

生物多糖为一种发酵产品,粘度可高达10Pa·s,属高粘度的非牛顿流体.它的脱色是通过与脱色剂的混合而实现的,常见的脱色过程为机械搅拌式间歇生产,能耗大且效果不佳.利用静态混合器可实现生物多糖与脱色剂的连续处理,混合时间短,能耗低、效果好.在脱色过程中,pH值、脱色剂用量及混合时间对脱色的效果均有影响.获得了相应的变化曲线以及压力损失的回归公式,找到了最佳操作条件.     

纸浆绿色漂白技术新进展

回顾了国内外纸浆绿色漂白技术的现状,主要介绍了H₂O₂漂白、臭氧漂白、生物漂白、电化学漂白以及其他漂白技术的新进展。     

Pre-treatment of kraft pulp bleach plant effluent by selected ultrafiltration membranes

Three ultrafiltration membranes in series with molar mass cutoffs of 130,000, 15,000, and 5,000 Da, respectively were used to pretreat Kraft pulp bleach plant effluent prior to biological treatment. The TOC (total organic carbon), COD (chemical oxygen demand) and AOX (adsorbable organic halogen) reductions for the permeate were 65, 70 and 85%, respectively with no significant change of toxicity. Treatment of the ultrafiltration permeate using tighter ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes with molar mass cutoffs less than 1,500 Da, yielded TOC and AOX reductions of 90 and 99%, respectively with a permeate Microtox EC₅₀ level of 100%.     

二乙酰乙二胺合成工艺研究

以乙二胺和乙酸为原料制备二乙酰乙二胺,综合考虑了催化剂、物料配比、反应时间和反应温度等因素对反应收率、产品品质的影响。优化了二乙酰乙二胺的合成工艺,不仅提高了产品收率,而且大大降低了产品中副产物的生成,有利于下游产品低温漂白活化剂四乙酰乙二胺的合成。     

iFlash:80℃活化漂白与新型皂洗

加工技术与设备的发展通常会使加工时间缩短.但是新型助剂的应用也可减少加工时间,大大降低成本.随着iFlash系统的应用,漂白温度可降至80℃,活性染料染色后皂洗的时间也大大缩短.因此,织物间歇式染色得到优化,在不增加额外投资的情况下运行更经济.     

Electrodialysis for bleach effluent recycling in kraft pulp production: Simultaneous control of chloride and other non-process elements

In the United States, more than 50 million tons of kraft pulp are produced per year. A strong effort by kraft pulp producers has been under way for several years to reduce water use. The in-process recycling of the acidic bleach effluent carrying metals, transition metals, calcium, and often large amounts of chloride is still a significant challenge. The simultaneous selective removal of chloride, and detrimental cations from the acidic bleach effluent of bleached kraft pulp mills by electrodialysis was investigated. The laboratory results with actual effluents show that very good removal levels can be achieved in an economical process. The chloride removal from acidic bleach effluent will aid significantly in keeping chloride levels acceptable in the recovery cycle.     

微波辐射与助剂在植物纤维漂白中的活化作用研究

在碱性麦草浆过氧化氢漂白过程中,利用微波加热,可以大大提高反应速率,加快漂白进程。传统方法漂白需1～2h,利用微波加热只需1～2min即可达到甚至超过传统漂白所达到的结果。另外,酰胺助剂TAED对H2O2漂白具有明显的改善效果,TAED活化的H2O2漂白与单纯的H2O2漂白相比,具有漂白时间短、漂浆白度高等优点。