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排序方式: 共有253条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
With the increase of industrialization and urbanization, humankind faces massive oil-based pollution due to tanker accidents, human error, and natural disasters. For this, hydrophobic sorbents are fabricated and their applications for the removal of oil from polluted water sources are investigated. These hydrophobic sorbents are prepared by the condensation reaction of poly(dimethylsiloxane) and tris[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]isocyanurate cross-linker via bulk polymerization. The obtained sorbents exhibit high oil sorption capacity, fast absorption–desorption kinetics, and great reusability. Moreover, they can selectively absorb oil from the water surface, thus making them practical for water clean-up applications. 相似文献
2.
Marina Fomina Geoffrey M Gadd 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2003,78(1):23-34
The sorption of toxic metals by fungal mycelia grown in clay‐containing medium is reported in this work. Biomass of melanin‐producing microfungi of the genus Cladosporium (C cladosporioides, C resinae and C herbarum) and Aureobasidium pullulans, clay minerals and fungal mycelia grown in clay‐containing medium were compared for their equilibrium Cu and Cd uptake from pH‐buffered solutions using experimental sorption isotherms. Bentonite (Cherkassy) in the natural form was shown to be the best Cu sorbent compared with the other clays and clay minerals tested. Cu sorption isotherms fitted the Langmuir sorption model for all cases. Comparison of Cu and Cd uptake for biomass and bentonite showed a lower biomass uptake capacity but a considerably higher affinity of the biosorbent for the solute. The presence of kaolinite and palygorskite in the medium generally reduced both Cu and Cd sorption capacity and the metal‐binding ability of the fungal–clay mixtures. In contrast, addition of bentonite into the medium did not appreciably alter the Cd sorption ability but increased the sorption of Cu by A pullulans and C cladosporioides grown in this medium. A common feature for all fungi grown in the presence of bentonite was an increase in the Cu sorption capacity (Qmax) of the biomineral sorbents and a reduction in their affinity (Langmuir parameter b) compared with control biomass. A difference between predicted and experimental data obtained for biomass grown on bentonite medium was also observed. The connection between the sorption capacity of biomass grown in clay‐containing medium, mycelial morphology and the structure of fungal pellets is discussed and a mechanism for the changed sorption capacity of the combined biomineral sorbents is proposed which involves blocking or modification of binding sites on biotic and abiotic components of the ‘biomineral’ association. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
3.
Shaokai Huang Wei Qin Youyuan Dai 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(5):683-687
BACKGROUND: Carboxylic acids are among the most important substances that can be manufactured from biomass. However, the recovery of carboxylic acids from fermentation broths presents a challenging separation problem. To avoid the production of waste salts and net consumption of chemicals in the calcium carboxylate salt process, the use of reversible chemical complexation with polymeric sorbents and extractants is attractive for carboxylic acid recovery. Pyruvic acid is widely used in the manufacture of medicines, pesticides and foodstuffs and can be produced by fermentation. Since the acidity of pyruvic acid (pKa = 2.49) is stronger than that of normal carboxylic acids, and as few reports on the recovery of pyruvic acid are available, the sorption of pyruvic acid from aqueous solution on two types of weakly basic polymeric sorbent, tertiary amine D301R and primary amine D392, was investigated over a wide pH range and at various salt (MgSO4) concentrations. RESULTS: Overloading adsorption of pyruvic acid on both weakly basic polymeric sorbents occurred, with the overloading of D392 being greater than that of D301R. The adsorption of pyruvic acid on both sorbents was greatly affected by the solution pH and the salt concentration in the aqueous phase. An overloading model was able to predict the experimental uptake data very well. CONCLUSION: Solution pH is one of the most important operating conditions, and both polymeric sorbents D392 and D301R can be used to recover pyruvic acid from dilute aqueous solution with high efficiency at a solution pH around 2. The uptake by D392 is greater than that by D301R owing to steric hindrance of the tertiary amine. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
4.
概述了美国几种较成熟的热煤气脱硫吸附剂的配方、制备技术及吸附剂在若干试验条件下强度、活性、寿命等宏观特性的测试结果。 相似文献
5.
重金属废水处理最新进展 总被引:25,自引:2,他引:25
详细论述了近年来一些处理重金属废水的新方法,并对各种方法进行了综合评述。这些新方法主要有:廉价吸附剂吸附、胶束增强超滤、络合—超滤耦合过程和电化学法。此外,将络合—超滤和电化学法集成起来处理重金属废水,可实现废水回用和重金属回收,因而具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
6.
崔晓梅 《安徽冶金科技职业学院学报》2015,(3):11-13
在钢铁市场面临激烈竞争的形势下,用户对产品质量,品种的要求不断提高。深脱硫已经成为提高钢质量、扩大品种和开拓钢材市场的重要手段。针对钢水钙基脱硫剂的文献研究中,并对其学者的文献和观点进行归纳和总结,找出提高钢水快速脱硫的途径。 相似文献
7.
张中华 《中国电机工程学报》2021,(4):1227-1233
利用粉煤灰为原料,制备2大类可用于烟气中CO2捕集的吸附剂。一类是沸石分子筛类吸附剂,利用水热合成法得到A型、X型等沸石分子筛吸附剂。一类是利用粉煤灰制备出适合的多孔载体,使用浸渍法得到固态胺类吸附剂。沸石分子筛对于CO2主要是物理吸附,吸附容量169~223 mg/g,固态胺吸附剂是利用胺基与CO2结合介于物理与化学吸附之间,吸附容量108~189 mg/g。实现将粉煤灰以废治废,即可以缓解粉煤灰对环境的影响,也能够实现碳减排,对社会和经济协调发展有利。 相似文献
8.
Five types of ionic liquid-based silica were synthesized as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents for separation and purification of bioactive compounds, that is, rutin and scoparone extracted from Herba Artemisiae Scopariae. The SilprBImCl material with the highest adsorption capacity was selected as the sorbent for SPE packing. Ethyl acetate and water were found to be suitable washing and eluting solvents, respectively. SilprBImCl was then applied to multi-phase extraction, and its superiority as a sorbent over the commercial cartridge was proven with high rutin and scoparone recoveries of 90.5% and 83.9%, respectively. This highlights the potential of ionic liquid-based silica materials applied to SPE and MPE. 相似文献
9.
使用气固瞬时反应装置在700~1100℃下对不同氧化物(氧化镁、氧化铁、氧化铝、氧化钙)的硒捕集性能进行研究,确定吸附产物性质。基于此选取相应的典型矿物及双组分抗烧结吸附剂改善硒高温吸附能力。结果表明:900℃前氧化钙捕集效果最好,但1100℃时其吸附量迅速降低到167.59μg/g;γ-氧化铝在高温下捕集效果较好,1100℃时吸附量可达415.04μg/g,这与其优异的孔隙结构有关。钙基矿物方解石因其具有一定的抗烧结能力和发达的孔隙结构,表现出更好的高温捕集能力,1100℃时吸附量可提高到1064.97μg/g。双组分吸附剂高温捕集能力展现出不同程度的提高。钙-铝基吸附剂高温捕集性能提高相对较小;而钙-硅基吸附剂在高温下效果远高于单组分吸附剂,与氧化钙相比,1100℃时可提高1787.21μg/g。 相似文献
10.
W. Hreczuch W. Miszkiewicz J. Szymanowski J. Zimoch A. Jerzykiewicz 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1996,67(1):53-60
Homologue distributions of alcohol ethoxylates obtained with an unconventional calcium-based catalyst and NaOH as the conventional catalyst are studied in the range of average polyaddition degree from 8 to 15. The fractional compositions of those high molecular weight derivatives of dodecanol and other technical alcohols, Lial 125 and Radianol 1724, are determined as peak area percentages from HPLC chromatograms. Some physico-chemical characteristics of the products as well as by-product contents are also presented. It is shown that the differences in fractional contents between the broad and narrow homologue distributed equivalents remain very significant in that range of higher ethoxylation grades. Consequently, the influence of homologue distributions on some properties of the products can be expected in their practical applications. 相似文献