头孢吡普的合成进展

头孢吡普为广谱头孢菌素类抗生素,其抗菌谱包括耐甲氧西林金葡菌（MRSA）和耐万古霉素金葡球菌（VR-SA）等,应用前景广阔,属于＂第五代＂头孢菌素类抗生素。介绍了其合成方法。     

Study of Degradation Kinetics and Structural Analysis of Related Substances of Ceftobiprole by HPLC with UV and MS/MS Detection

Ceftobiprole is a novel β-lactam antibiotic, active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant S. aureus and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. To artificially generate potential degradation products (DPs) of ceftobiprole that may be formed under relevant storage conditions, acidic, alkaline, oxidative, photolytic and thermolytic stress tests were performed in both solution and solid state. A novel selective HPLC method was developed for the separation of ceftobiprole from its DPs and synthesis by-products (SBPs) using Kinetex Biphenyl column, ammonium acetate buffer pH 5.8 and acetonitrile. The kinetic studies demonstrated the low stability of ceftobiprole in alkaline solution, in the presence of an oxidising agent and under irradiation with near UV. In the solid state, ceftobiprole underwent oxidation when the powder was irradiated with visible light and UV. Based on mass spectroscopic analysis, 13 new structural formulas of SBPs and DPs were proposed, along with molecular formulas for three other DPs obtained in solution and four oxidative DPs characteristic of solid-state degradation.     

头孢托罗活性硫酯的合成工艺研究

优化了头孢托罗活性硫酯-(Z)-2-(5-氨基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)-2-三苯甲氧亚胺基硫代乙酸(S-2-苯并噻唑)酯(2)的合成工艺。以3-氨基-5-乙酰胺基异噁唑(3)为原料,与特戊酰基异硫氰酸酯经重排反应,制得N-乙酰基-2-(5-特戊酰胺基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)乙酰胺(5),收率为72%;采用亚硝酸异丙酯对中间体5进行肟化、然后与三苯基氯甲烷进行醚化制得(Z)-N-乙酰基-2-(5-特戊酰胺基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)-2-三苯甲氧亚胺基乙酰胺(7a),收率为78%;7a经碱性水解,制得(Z)-2-(5-氨基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)-2-三苯甲氧亚胺基乙酸(8),收率为65%;,在乙腈与甲苯的混合溶剂中,8与亚磷酸三乙酯、二苯并噻唑二硫醚混合反应,制得活性硫酯2,路线的总收率达24%。该合成工艺具有反应条件温和,操作简便,易于分离等优点,因而有较好的工业化应用前景。