Isolation of Leptospirillum ferriphilum by single-layered solid medium

According to physiological and biochemical characteristics of Leptospirillum ferriphilum,a strain of object bacteria was isolated successfully.Bacteria were enriched by selective liquid medium and plated on designed single-layered agar solid medium.Colony was cultured and bacteria were collected.The morphologies of the object bacteria were observed using crystal violet staining,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The result of 16S rDNA identification shows that this bacterium belongs to Leptospirillum ferriphilum and it is named as Leptospirillum ferriphilum strain D1.These results indicate that this new single-layered agar solid medium is efficient and simple for isolation of Leptospirillum ferriphilum.Additionally,physiological-biochemical characteristics show that the optimum initial pH value and its growth temperature are 1.68 and 40 ℃,respectively.The culture of it is used to leach a complex concentrate chalcopyrite,the leaching efficiencies of copper and iron are 1.93 % and 13.74 %,respectively,and it is more effective than the A.ferrooxidans culture in the leaching of the complex concentrate chalcopyrite.     

Ca(ClO)2与腐殖酸钠对黄铜矿和黄铁矿浮选的影响

纯矿物试验和人工混合矿试验表明,Ca（ClO）2与腐殖酸钠都对黄铁矿具有很好的抑制作用,而不抑制黄铜矿,二者组合使用能更加有效抑制黄铁矿.根据杨氏方程结合接触角的测定结果,计算矿物表面润湿能,结果说明腐殖酸钠和Ca（ClO）2组合抑制剂对黄铁矿的良好的抑制性能,是二者协同作用的结果.     

硫化矿物硫化钠诱导浮选的电化学研究

本文研究了黄铜矿，黄铁矿的硫化钠诱导浮选行为。浮选实验，电化学研究表明，黄铜矿表现出较差的硫化钠诱导浮选行为，而黄铁矿则很好。硫化钠诱导浮选机理是由于ＨＳ－离子在矿物表面氧化产生疏水性的元素Ｓ０所致；硫化矿表面静电位的高低决定了ＨＳ－氧化成Ｓ０的可能性，黄铁矿表面静电位Ｅｍｓ高于ＨＳ－氧化成Ｓ０的电极电位，因而黄铁矿表现出良好的硫化钠诱导浮选特性；黄铜矿表面静电位低于这一电极电位，因而硫化钠诱导浮选性较差。     

Impact of the Cd2+ treatment on the electrical properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells

The present contribution aims at determining the impact of modifying the properties of the absorber/buffer layer interface on the electrical performance of Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ (CZTSe) thin‐film solar cells, by using a Cd²⁺ partial electrolyte (Cd PE) treatment of the absorber before the buffer layer deposition. In this work, CZTSe/CdS solar cells with and without Cd PE treatment were compared with their respective Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGSe)/CdS references. The Cd PE treatment was performed in a chemical bath for 7 min at 70 °C using a basic solution of cadmium acetate. X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements have revealed the presence of Cd at the absorber surface after the treatment. The solar cells were characterized using current density–voltage (J–V), external quantum efficiency, and drive‐level capacitance profiling measurements. For the CZTSe‐based devices, the fill factor increased from 57.7% to 64.0% when using the Cd PE treatment, leading to the improvement of the efficiency (η) from 8.3% to 9.0% for the best solar cells. Similar observations were made on the CIGSe solar cell reference. This effect comes from a considerable reduction of the series resistance (R_S) of the dark and light J–V, as determined using the one‐diode model. The crossover effect between dark and light J–V curves is also significantly reduced by Cd PE treatment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

非洲某硫化铜钴矿选矿综合回收技术研究

非洲某铜钴矿原矿含铜2.11%,钴0.090%,其中的钴品位较低,难以有效回收,且含钴矿物嵌布粒度不均匀,与黄铜矿、黄铁矿共生关系复杂,严重影响选矿过程中含钴矿物的综合回收。根据原矿性质,采用"铜钴依次优先"浮选工艺流程,结合使用高效选择性捕收剂BKAP,实现了铜、钴资源的综合回收,实验室所得铜精矿铜品位35.08%,铜回收率93.42%;钴精矿钴品位2.27%,钴回收率51.82%。     

JL01新型捕收剂对黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿浮选研究

选矿药剂的种类有很多,但大部分都是有机合成的产品,合成的有机选矿药剂需要消耗很多的化工原料。本论文以新疆某地化工厂废液为研究对象,对该废液进行回收利用,制成新型捕收剂JL01来代替丁基黄药。     

黄铜矿粗选指标对水玻璃超声波改性的响应及其机理

为阐明黄铜矿粗选指标与水玻璃超声波改性的内在关系,以超声波预处理的水玻璃为调整剂,进行了黄铜矿实际矿物的浮选试验,并采用pH值、黏度及红外光谱等手段对超声波预处理水玻璃溶液及矿浆浊度进行了表征。结果表明,黄铜矿的粗选回收率对超声波改性的水玻璃较为敏感。铜的回收率在水玻璃预处理时间为15 min作用时的敏感性最强,为85.33%,与未改性水玻璃的回收率相比提高了9.31%。超声波预处理可减小水玻璃溶液的pH值,并使其黏度降低0.36%,这有利于水玻璃在矿浆中的分散。此外,超声波预处理还可改变水玻璃溶液的中水分子的比例以及水玻璃官能团的组成,并使预处理后的水玻璃溶液中游离水羟基与H₂SiO₃中的Si-OH的相对比例分别提高7.81%和1.02%。游离水组份的增加有利于改善黄铜矿的疏水性及浮选效果,水玻璃有效成分H₂SiO₃中Si-OH的组份增加在一定程度上强化了对矿泥的分散作用,从而提高了粗选作业铜的回收率。研究对超声波技术在有色金属浮选领域的应用有一定参考意义。     

甘肃某铜矿选矿新药剂应用研究

甘肃某铜矿为单一含铜浸染状黄铁矿石,研究结果表明,部分呈单体解离状态的细粒级铜矿物和黄铜矿富连生体进入尾矿是导致铜矿物损失的主要原因。通过试验研究,在不改变现场生产流程的情况下,采用捕收能力较强的新型药剂D60为捕收剂,小型试验和矿浆样验证试验均取得了良好的技术指标,新药剂方案铜回收率较现场药剂方案铜回收率均提高1%以上,可有效提高铜回收率。      

新型硫脲类捕收剂CPTU对黄铜矿及黄铁矿浮选的电化学机理研究

采用循环伏安、Tafel法及红外光谱分析研究了新型硫脲类捕收剂CPTU在黄铜矿及黄铁矿表面吸附的电化学行为及机理。试验结果表明, 当pH值低于9.18时, 黄铜矿电极从0 V左右开始氧化, 出现了一个新的氧化峰, CPTU在黄铜矿表面电化学吸附形成疏水性产物Cu(CPTU)和单质S; 随着pH值增大, 氧化峰电流减小, 疏水性增强并产生钝化; 当pH值高于11.0时, 黄铜矿自身的氧化占据了主导地位。对于黄铁矿而言, 在整个pH范围内, 捕收剂CPTU的加入并未改变循环伏安曲线的形状。并且, 碱性条件下黄铁矿腐蚀反应产物更容易在矿物表面形成氢氧化物沉淀, 阻碍了CPTU在其表面电化学反应的进行, 证明CPTU对黄铜矿和黄铁矿的捕收有选择性。红外光谱分析表明, CPTU在黄铜矿表面的吸附属于化学吸附, 而在黄铁矿表面的吸附属于物理吸附。     

永平低品位黄铜矿矿石细菌浸出的银离子催化效应

为了提高用氧化亚铁硫杆菌和氧化硫硫杆菌混合菌对永平铜矿低品位黄铜矿矿石细菌浸出的效果,通过摇瓶实验,研究了银离子的催化效应。研究表明,在细菌浸出的初始阶段,添加银离子可以大大加快铜的浸出速度和提高铜的浸出率,其中添加初始银离子浓度10 mg/L时,最有利于铜的浸出,在600 h时内铜的浸出率可以从20%增加到65%,比不添加银离子时提高了45%。添加初始银离子使矿石中铁的浸出和溶液中二价铁的细菌氧化明显受到抑制。当有银离子时,低品位黄铜矿矿石在低氧化还原电位下比高氧化还原电位更有利于铜的浸出。