Synthetic resins: XV. Chelation ion exchange properties of 2,4- dinitrophenylhydrazone of resacetophenone-formaldehyde resin

A number of copolymers were synthesised by condensing the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of resacetophenone with substituted benzoic acids/ phenols and formaldehyde in the presence of sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid. The decomposition temperature, solubility and viscosity of the polymers have been determined. The ion-exchange properties have been studied by using a batch equilibrium method. The distribution of a number of metal ions between an aqueous solution and the resin have been measured. A wide range of pH and variable ionic strengths have been investigated.     

Inhibition of lipid peroxidation in UVA‐treated skin fibroblasts by luteolin and its glucosides

Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation causes oxidative damage to human skin cells. This damage may be reduced or prevented using plant compounds as photoprotectants. To investigate the relationship between chemical structure and UVA‐protective activity, three structurally related flavonoids, namely luteolin, luteolin‐7‐O‐glucoside (both present in artichoke) and luteolin‐4'‐O‐glucoside (present in wild carrot), were studied. Human skin fibroblasts exposed to UVA (250 and 500 kJ/m²) were treated with each flavonoid (30 µM) for 18 h prior to irradiation. The extent of lipid peroxidation in the cellular extracts was assessed as lipid peroxides and malondialdehyde (MDA). Luteolin and luteolin‐7‐O‐glucoside both prevented a significant increase in lipid peroxides at 250 kJ/m², but at 500 kJ/m² their effectiveness was clearly attenuated. Contrastingly, luteolin‐4'‐O‐glucoside was pro‐oxidant at both radiation doses. Measurements of MDA levels highlighted that luteolin was clearly more effective than the two glucosides at both 250 and 500 kJ/m². Overall, these results show clear differences between the three flavonoids and suggest that the B ring 3',4'‐dihydroxy group, lacking in luteolin‐4'‐O‐glucoside, may be particularly important. Flavonoid: transition metal ion chelation studies confirmed the influence of the 3',4'‐dihydroxy group, which is also relevant to the quenching of singlet oxygen. These features as well as the greater lipophilic nature of luteolin together explain the superior activity of this flavonoid which may be potentially useful as a supplement in photoprotective skin preparations.     

含多羟基功能基树脂的合成及其与硼酸螯合性能的研究

合成了数种含有多羟基醇单醚功能基的树脂，研究了反应条件及树脂的吸附性能。     

In Situ Chelating Synthesis of Hierarchical LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Polyhedron Assemblies with Ultralong Cycle Life for Li‐Ion Batteries

Layered lithium transition‐metal oxides, with large capacity and high discharge platform, are promising cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries. However, their high‐rate cycling stability still remains a large challenge. Herein, hierarchical LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ polyhedron assemblies are obtained through in situ chelation of transition metal ions (Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, and Mn²⁺) with amide groups uniformly distributed along the backbone of modified polyacrylonitrile chains to achieve intimate mixing at the atomic level. The assemblies exhibit outstanding electrochemical performances: superior rate capability, high volumetric energy density, and especially ultralong high‐rate cyclability, due to the superiority of unique hierarchical structures. The polyhedrons with exposed active crystal facets provide more channels for Li⁺ diffusion, and meso/macropores serve as access shortcuts for fast migration of electrolytes, Li⁺ and electrons. The strategy proposed in this work can be extended to fabricate other mixed transition metal‐based materials for advanced batteries.     

具有除Cd(Ⅱ)功能的新型高分子絮凝剂的制备

以胺甲基化聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)、二硫化碳、氢氧化钠为原料合成了二硫代羧基化胺甲基聚丙烯酰胺(DTAPAM)。考察了DTAPAM的制备条件。结果表明,在APAM质量分数3.0%,APAM、CS_2、NaOH物质量比1∶2∶2,预反应时间30 min,预反应温度25℃,主反应时间90 min,主反应温度40℃时,DTAPAM除镉性能最好,其最佳投药量随着Cd(Ⅱ)初始浓度的增加而增加。     

紫金山含铜酸性水资源化及无害化处理试验研究

采用硫化法和螯合法对紫金山含铜酸性水进行了资源化、无害化处理对比试验研究,结果表明:硫化法和螯合法均可有效处理紫金山含铜酸性水,铜回收率均在99%以上,处理后铜质量浓度均小于0.5 mg/L,可达到排放标准。两种处理方法的经济技术指标盈亏平衡点主要受到铜质量浓度和铁质量浓度变化的影响,硫化法的经济性优于螯合法。     

木瓜蛋白酶水解珠蚌制备肽钙及其红外光谱分析

以木瓜蛋白酶酶解珠蚌肉制备的活性肽为原料,研究珠蚌活性肽与钙离子的螯合新工艺,并对螯合产物进行红外光谱分析。研究表明:珠蚌活性肽与钙离子的最佳螯合工艺为螯合时间45min、温度35℃、肽钙比4.5:1、pH9.5、固液比1:30,此条件下,肽钙螯合率为31.47%。红外光谱扫描显示,肽的螯合产物在1418.7cm-1出现了羧酸盐的特征峰,在3386.8cm-1处出现了铵盐的特征峰,表明珠蚌活性肽与钙离子螯合物的生成。     

原位螯合制备含镁聚磷酸铵的工艺研究

采用一步投料法,将磷铵、尿素和硫酸镁充分混合后粉碎,再加入反应器中原位螯合制备含镁元素的水溶性聚磷酸铵（APP）肥料。研究镁添加量、尿素/磷铵物质的量比、反应温度、反应器搅拌转速对产品聚合度及聚合度分布的影响。结果表明：当镁添加量＜5%（质量分数）时,可以促进磷铵与尿素的聚合反应,提高产品聚合度;增加尿素比例、提高反应温度,可显著提高产品聚合度;随着反应器搅拌转速增加,含镁APP产品聚合度增加,而纯APP产品聚合度降低。各实验因素对APP聚合度的影响由大到小顺序为尿素/磷铵物质的量比、反应温度、搅拌转速、镁添加量。     

甘氨酸铝螯合物的表征与结构分析

以甘氨酸和异丙醇铝为原料,按摩尔比为1:1的比例在水相中,75～85℃下反应,得到了产率为97%的水合甘氨酸铝螯合物,并经凯氏定氮法、EDTA滴定法、红外光谱、热重-差热分析、X射线粉末衍射等一系列方法对所得螯合物的结构和组成进行了分析,结果表明该螯合物是带一个结晶水的环状分子化合物,即组成为C2H6A1NO4H2O.     

高分子重金属絮凝剂对镍离子螯合能力的研究

研究了高分子重金属絮凝剂(PEX)对镍离子螯合能力的大小,以含镍水样作为处理对象,通过一系列试验证明:PEX对镍离子的螯合能力强,生成的螯合体溶解度小,对低浓度的镍离子废水处理效果好。废水中一定量的EDTA或Ca2+的存在,不仅不会影响PEX对镍离子的去除,而且会大大促进这一过程。