凉水河污染对土壤和地下水的影响

在凉水河下游取河床底泥及河床下部土样,分析其NH3-N、磷和有机物的变化,发现底泥对NH3-N和磷的去除发挥了很大作用,分别是下部土壤吸附量的10倍和1倍多;土中5种氯代烃均有检出,是河水长期渗漏积累的结果。凉水河流域内的野外试验结果表明,凉水河对地下水存在污染,污染组分主要是CODCr,NH3-N也有一定污染,其他无机污染组分如NO3-N,Cr6+,TP和Pb2+对地下水的影响较小,氯代烃对地下水也有一定影响。据推测,凉水河污染对地下水的影响范围大概在河两侧80 m范围内。     

纸浆漂白废水中有机氯化物的排放与控制

本文概述了纸浆漂白废水的特性，以及影响其有机氯化物发生量的因素。     

高发泡聚乙烯阻燃初探

根据聚合物燃烧现象和一般阻燃机理寻求研究高发泡聚乙烯的阻燃方法和阻燃剂。研究结果表明:只有对添加型阻燃剂三元并用,方能不降低高发泡聚乙烯的物性,制得较为理想的高发泡聚乙烯自熄型制品。     

Organochlorine Contaminants of Wintering Ducks Foraging on Detroit River Sediments

Organochlorine analysis was performed on carcasses of 13 diving ducks from a 1981 wintering population that foraged on contaminated sediments in the lower Detroit River. Mean total PCB concentrations were 10 mg/kg for seven lesser scaups (Aythya affinis), 11 mg/kg for three greater scaups (A. marila), and 7.6 mg/kg for three goldeneyes (Bucephala clangula). Highest mean levels of other residues were measured for hexachlorobenzene (1.7 mg/kg) in goldeneyes, and transnonachlor (0.33 mg/kg) and 4,4’-DDE (1.3 mg/kg) in greater scaup. Quantitative analysis of 72 PCB congeners also was applied to water, seston, sediment, benthie oligochaetes, and carp from the same site. Principal congeners in most of the samples included some of the more toxic and persistent PCBs. Results of a multivariate analysis indicated that ratios of more conservative to less conservative PCBs did not vary significantly among ducks (α = .05), but differed from those in carp, oligochaetes, and sediment. For the February through March period of fat mobilization, concentrations of total PCB in lipid were inversely correlated with percent lipid (r = 0.76) in ducks. The percentage of conservative PCBs increased slightly. The distribution and partitioning of organochlorines, including toxic PCB congeners, varied considerably within this water column-sediment-fauna ecosystem. Estimates of toxic exposure based on total PCB values may be unreliable.     

Dynamic properties of carbon black filled chlorinated polyethylene/hindered phenol blends

Aggregates of carbon black (CB) in a polymer matrix have a tendency to form a CB network. The dynamic mechanical properties of binary systems of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and CB or 3,9‐bis{1,1‐dimethyl‐2[β‐(3‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl)propionyloxy]ethyl}‐2,4,8,10‐tetraoxaspiro[5,5]‐undecane (AO‐80) and their ternary systems were investigated. It was found that the dynamic mechanical properties of those systems depend on the colloidal properties, surface oxides, and surface modification of CB. For binary systems of CPE and CB, oxidized CB gives a high modulus at low strain amplitude and a large Payne effect compared with untreated CB. In contrast, the reverse effect was observed for their ternary systems. Consequently, a good micro‐dispersion is obtainable by surface modification due to physical adsorption of AO‐80 on oxidized CB particles via hydrogen bonds. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

卤素置换反应用氯化锌催化剂的再生

研究了用于催化卤素置换反应后的氯化锌催化剂的再生方法。其过程包括：用石灰乳中和，沉淀出氢氧化锌，用氢氧化锌中和氯化锌废液至pH值为5—6，通入氯气氧化氯化锌废液中的有机物，蒸发至必要的浓度。     

Contamination of the Chalk Aquifer by Chlorinated Solvents: A Case Study of the Luton and Dunstable Area

A detailed investigation of contamination by chlorinated solvents of the Chalk Aquifer underlying the towns of Luton and Dunstable was undertaken to assess the extent, causes and mechanisms of pollution. The research programme incorporated land-use surveys, regional groundwater surveys, monitoring of groundwater abstraction points and aquifer profiling by means of the drilling of observation boreholes, the analysis of the recovered core material and the depth sampling of these and other boreholes.
Low-level solvent contamination of the Chalk Aquifer was found to be widespread with 'hotspots'of higher concentrations. At the drilling sites, both the saturated and unsaturated zones were contaminated with solvents, although free product was not observed. The presence of an additional contaminant, oil, at some sites was noted to influence the distribution of solvents within the aquifer.
Clean-up of the aquifer is not a practical option, and treatment of the groundwater at the abstraction points has been adopted.     

Ames试验氯化致突变前体物在净水工艺中的去除研究

采用水样比活性作为评价指标，从Ａｍｅｓ试验结果和致突变前体物性质两方面，探讨了不同单元净水工艺对Ａｍｅｓ试验氯化致突变前体物的去除能力，从而为净水工艺的选择提供参考依据     

MCS接枝共聚物的结构和形态

将甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）、苯乙烯（Ｓ）在氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）存在下进行悬浮接枝共聚，获得ＭＣＳ树脂。本文着重考察了ＭＣＳ树脂的化学结构及胶粒形态。结果表明，确实发生了接枝共聚。ＣＰＥ用量、ＲＳＨ含量、引发剂浓度、反应温度、溶胀时间及聚合转化率对ＭＣＳ树脂的接枝率、接枝效率均有影响。ＭＣＳ树脂是接枝共聚物、ＭＭＡ／Ｓ共聚物与ＭＭＡ均聚物的混合物，橡胶相ＣＰＥ在ＭＣＳ树脂中的分散情况为“海岛结构”，     

氯化聚氯乙烯(PVC-C)管道加工影响因素与质量浅析

本文通过设备、模具、材料配方、加工工艺温度、冷却水温、定径真空压力、摩擦热控制,挤出操作等方面的因素,分析了影响氯化聚氯乙烯(PVC-C)管道生产质量的主要影响因素和预防控制措施。