Transparent niobate glass-ceramics for optical limiting

The construction of nonlinear optical materials featuring asymmetric transmission of light is of great technological importance for various applications, including optical switching and optical power limiting. A significant challenge is the scalable fabrication of material candidates with good photochemical stability, high optical transmittance, and excellent optical limiting performance. Here, we present a nanocrystallization avenue for constructing hybrid optical limiting materials that exhibit ultrafast and robust optical limiting performance. The experimental results show that the controllable relaxation of a niobate glass may lead to the clustering of Nb-O units and contracting of the bandgap. It results in the notable improvement in nonlinear optical properties, including the enhanced saturation irradiance (380 GW/cm²), doubly increased nonlinear coefficient, and decreased limiting threshold (200 GW/cm²). Our results suggest a promising material that exhibits promising applications for protecting eyes and sensitive components from laser-induced damage.     

Heavy Metals Bioremediation from Polluted Water by Glass-Ceramic Materials

The objective of this research was to study the removal of cadmium and lead from an aqueous solution through a biological treatment. For this purpose a glass-ceramic material was manufactured from industrial and urban wastes. Biofilms of microorganisms found in wastewater were developed on its surface, and continuous tests were conducted in the presence and absence of the biofilm to analyze the glass-ceramic's ability to remove the heavy metals from an aqueous environment. The results suggest that this bioremediation process, developed on an industrial scale, could represent an alternative to the chemical processes currently used.     

具有阻力特性材料的σ_f－σ关系及一种新的阻力曲线测定方法

通过对相变增韧陶瓷及一种可切削玻璃－陶瓷动态疲劳（恒应力速率）试验中高应力速率区断裂应力下降现象的理论分析，发现这种现象与材料的阻力特性（Ｒ－ｃｕｒｖｅ）密切相关。确立的σ_ｆ－σ理论关系能够很好地描述整个应力速率区间内的动态疲劳试验结果。高应力速率区σ_ｆ－σ在双对数坐标下为负斜率直线，直线斜率为（ｍ为阻力曲线ＫＲ＝ｋ（△ａ）~ｍ的指数），断裂主要由材料阻力行为控制；低应力速率区，σ_ｆ－σ在双对数坐标下为正斜率直线，直线斜率为　（ｎ为应力腐蚀指数），断裂主要由材料应力腐蚀行为控制。建立了测定材料阻力特性的一种新方法，分别用这种方法及压痕／弯曲方法对一种可切削玻璃－陶瓷的阻力特性进行了实验测定，两种方法所得结果有很好的一致性。     

溶胶－凝胶法制备Pb（Zr，Ti）O_3玻璃陶瓷过程中的结构变化

本文介绍溶胶－凝胶法制备均匀ＰｂＺｒ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ凝胶玻璃，并通过适当热处理在凝胶玻璃中原位生长Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ；Ｔｉ）Ｏ３微晶的新工艺·利用ＩＲ谱考察了凝胶玻璃中的元素键合结构随温度的变化．结合热分析和ＸＲＤ；ＳＥＭ技术，研究了Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ，Ｔｉ）Ｏ３微晶在凝胶玻璃中的生长过程及该材料的结构特点．发现Ｐｂ２（Ｚｒ，Ｔｉ）２Ｏ６＋ｘ立方焦绿石介稳过渡相的纳米微晶首先出现于该体系中，并在更高的温度下先后完全转变成三方和四方Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ，Ｔｉ）Ｏ３钙钛矿相．电子显微观察结果表明，该工艺制备的Ｐｈ（Ｚｒ；Ｔｉ）Ｏ３玻璃陶瓷具有均匀的细晶结构．     

钙铁硅铁磁体微晶玻璃热处理制度的研究

使用XRD、DTA、VSM等分析测试手段对在还原气氛下含少量B2O3、P2O5钙铁硅微晶玻璃的热处理制度进行了较深入的研究。研究发展，预核化处理对于钙铁硅微晶玻璃的晶化无明显作用。900℃作为钙铁硅微晶玻璃的晶化温度较适宜，晶化时间宜8h以上。     

镁质瓷泥浆流变性能的改进

滑石质瓷是一种高性能瓷的材料，但由于其泥浆的稠化性及泥料塑性差，阻碍了滑石质瓷的大量生产。实验表明：引入长石作助熔剂并加入适量粘土，可以改进泥料塑性及泥浆流变性能，使烧成变形度小，机械强度提高，能较好地满足制品成型的工艺要求。实验中设计了多组配料，分析比较烧后试样的性能测试结果，确定最佳配方及烧结温度。     

Na_2O－Al_2O_3－SiO_2系统霞石微晶玻璃机械强度的研究

霞石微晶玻璃是一种高强度的新型无机非金属材料．本文以Ｎａ２Ｏ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系统为基础，引入晶核剂和复合澄清剂，经高温熔制和两步热处理制备的霞石微晶玻璃，具有较高的抗压和抗折强度．结果表明，霞石微晶玻璃的机械强度与霞石晶体及试样的结构有关，也与微晶化热处理的时间有关。     

钨尾矿微晶玻璃的形状记忆效应

研究了钨尾矿微晶玻璃的形状记忆效应（ＳＭＥ），并用Ｘ射线衍射法（ＸＲＤ）作了相分析。结果表明，钨尾矿微晶玻璃具有明显的ＳＭＥ；恢复应变随回复保温温度升高而增加；该材料随着变形量的减小，形状恢复率随之上升     

添加剂对合成堇青石的影响

本文研究了锆英砂、碳酸钡、硅线石、氟化钙四种添加剂及其含量对合成堇青石晶相组成的影响。结果表明:四种添加剂的加入均提高了堇青石的含量,且加入量都有一最佳值,分别为锆英砂2wt%、碳酸钡3wt%、硅线石2wt%、氟化钙2wt%。     

三石─堇青石匣钵的研制

引入“三石”改善堇青石质匣钵性能,提高匣钵使用寿命。